나노고분자 복합재료기술ㆍ - ITFIND

1 2002. 12. - 1 - . (IT, Information Technology), (BT, Bio Technology) . 21 .. , 2006 . , . , IT, BT, ET .. 50 , . , . , .. , , , , . , , , , , . , . , 80.. - 2 - (KISTI) .. , ', . ', . ', ', . ' 5 .. , , , . KISTI .. , .. - 3 - .. 1 . 2 . 1.. EU. 2.. 3.. (1) . (2) . (3) .. (1) . - 4 - (2) . (3) . (4) . 4.. DB.. (1) . (2) . (3) . (4) . (5) . 3 .. 1 . 2 . 1. / . 2. / . - 5 - 3.. / .. 4.. 3 . 1. / .. 2. / .. (1) . (2) . (3) .. 3.. / .. 4.. - 6 - .. 4 . 1. / .. / . (1) . (2) . (3) . (4) .. 2. / . 3.. 4.. 1 . 1.. 2.. - 7 - .. (1) . (2) . (3) .. (1) . (2) . (3) .. 3.. (DVB) .. (DDPE) .. (1) Self-polycondensation (2) Self-condensing vinyl polymerization (3) Multi-branching polymerization 2 . 1.. - 8 - (1) Rapid solidification (epitaxy). (2) Block copolymer nanolithogaraphy (3) .. 2.. 3.. 3 . 1.. 2. , , . 3.. 1 . - 9 - 2.

2 1.. 2.. 3. , .. 3 .. 1 . 1.. 2.. 3.. 2 . - 10 - 1.. 2.. (1) Al2O3 . (2) ZrO2- . (3) . (4) . (5) . (6) . (7) Bio- .. (1) Si3N4 . (2) Zirconia . (3) . 3 . 1.. 2.. 4 . 1.. 2.. 5 . - 11 - 6 . (1) . (2) . (3) . (4) . 7 . 1.. 2.. 3.. - 12 - .. / . / . - 13 - 1 . (Nanotechnology) 1990 . (Nanotech) .. , , . , . , , , . < 1-1>. 1959 . , 1 .. 1980 20 . (10-9m). , . , , , .. < 2-2> 2000 76 , 2010 5000. 52% .. , < 2-3> , , , . , 2005 2010 .. - 14 - < 1-2> . < 1-3> . - 15 - (Interdisciplinary) . , .. top-down . Bottom-up , Top-down , . , (IC) .. 5~10 .. Bottom-up , . , Xe . , . , DNA .. / . , ( ) . , .. filler cluster . 3 , / . , , . rule of mixture . - 16 - < 1-3> - . 80 .. - 17 - . ( ) seeds .. , , , , . , , , , , , . , ( 2-3). , , 8000 . , . , .. , , , . , , .. - 18 - 2 .. / . 1.. , 21 . , 2001 (National Nanotechnology Initiative: NNI 5.)

3 , , , .. (BT) (NT), (IT) 2001 . 4 2 .. , , , modeling . , , , . (array) (Self-Assembly) . , , , (Nanoscale) .. - 19 - 2001 2 . 2700 . 2000 84% , .. , .. 70% .. , , . , , , .. grand challenge .. NSF(National Science Foundation) 2 1700 , 1 1000 , . 9600 , 3600 , NASA 2000 , NIST 1800 .. - 20 - .. , . James Sensen-brenner . 2001 , .. , .. NIST ATP(advanced technology program) 3M, SAGA, Rutgers . smart windows, . polymer/glalss . Virginia Polytech Wilkes - / . , Drexel Wei . - . electroactive , Sandia National Laboratories Brinker - . membrane . , Arizona Uhlmann - . / . , , , , . Hybrid . Prasad . (PPV/silica) , Massachusettes . Novak (IPN) (PMMA-SiO2/ZrO2) . scaling . , / .. - 21 - .. 21 IT, BT, NT . 2000 12 4 . 2001 . , . 2001 4 . NEC . , 25%, 50% , NTT , , SONY, . , - , . , (SET), , CNT-FED, , .. (STM).

4 , , .. - 22 - . , . Hybrid .. NIMCR Yano hydroxypropyl cellulose/silica . PVAC/silica , Tokyo Institute of Technology Kakimoto polyimide/silicate . , KRI Saegusa Chujo poly (2-methyl-2-oxazoline). (POZO), polyvinylpyrrolidon(PVP), polydimethylacrylamide silica . ( ) .. KRI M. Toki POZO/silica, PVP/silica OIPH . , Kinki N. Tohge PEG - OIPH , Shizuoka H. Yokoi . PVA/silica , Waseda Kuroda . intercalation , T. Kokubo biomimetic process . apitite . 1990 , ( UBEnylon, 1015C ) . , ( ) 1991 (HNBR)/poly(methacrylic acid)-Zn Zeoforte . Zeoforte . , , , , , , . , elastomer .. Unitika Nylon , .. - 23 - < 2-1> .. EU. , , EU . , , . , 2000 1 8,400 , EU . 2,900 . - 24 - , , 4 , . instrumentation , (Animated Nature) (Unanimated Nature) . , . , .. , , , .. CNRS(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) 40 , 20.. , (band gap).

5 , , , . 2.. , , , , , . ( ) / , .. , .. 21 . 10 10 .. - 25 - , , 3 1 4 . 4 (10 , 20 ) .. , 1 3000 .. 4 2010 , , , , .. 1 (2001~2004 ) 2 . (2005~2007 ) . 3 (2008~2010 ) . , , . 6 .. ( ) 80 , .. , , .. - 26 - 1999 10 ' .. 3.. (nanocomposite) - (clay) (hybrid) .. Nanocor Inc. , . Nanocor .. ' . Nanocor .. , , . , . Nanocor .. - 27 - (PS) .. (methyl-vinyloxazoline) 5% .. MMT(montmorillonite) PS- PS . 37% 43% .. 1980 . PS .1)2) E. Giannelis . (PMMA) .. PMMA . , T. Pinnavaia fluorohectorite 5% .. 1990 . (Nanocomposite) . (Filler) , . 1-100 , .. ( , , , ) . , .. 5 .. (Laminated) , 1% . 2 , 1,000 . - 28 - .. , .. / . - .. clay- . (1) . - 29 - (Nanoclay) .. , . (Monomer) (Polymer) .. , , . ( ) .. clay- (Nanocomposite) .. (Hydrotalcite) (Laponite) .. 3 . Amcol International Nanocor Inc. Southern Clay Products Inc.. Kunimine Industries Coop Chemicals.

6 Sud chemie .. Hybrid Plastic .< 2-1> .. - 30 - < 2-1> . ( ) . 40 .. - 31 - 2 .. (Na+) ( . ) .3)4)5) .. Clay- .. Nanocor . , (Ion Dipole) .. Clay- . (Intercalated structure) .. Nanocor .. Amocl Gray Beall 1994.. 1993 1994 . 1995 Ube . Amcol . 1995 8. Amcol 1997 Nanocor .. - 32 - Na-montmorillonite .. , . head group tail group clay .. head group clay sodium , . tail group .. < 2-2> .. clay . clay , . 6)7)8)9). montmorillonite . Montmorillonite . region 1, 2, 3 , region 1 . d-spacing 1 .. + +.. Li Na 1 . montmorillonite region 2 .. clay electric double layer . clay clay .. clay (edge-to-face bond) , . region 2 paste .. edge-to-face bond , . region 3 . Clay loop tail . (steric stabilization), . clay electrical double layer . clay (charge stabilization).. inter-particle bridging double layer repulsion . clay flocculation(coagulation) clay.

7 Tail group clay fiocculant ..10). - 33 - Clay . 1-10 1 (primary particle) 100 ..11) Clay (cation exchange capacity : CEC. value) 80 meq/100g 13 d-spacing . monolayer bilayer .. d-spacing 100 meq/g . chain length . clay . monolayer chain length bilayer .12). < 2-2> . - 34 - ( ) POSS. POSS 3 .. SS .. POSS .. , , . / .. , ..13). POSS , .. POSS ( ) .. POSS , . , . , . , , .. ( ) . 1999 2 8 . (Nanocomposite) , . 66( 66) (POM) .. (Mica) . % .. , , .. , , .. - 35 - . , , .. , . (Intercalation) .. (2 ) .. , ( ) 3 , 4 .. 66 . , , 66 . , UL 94V-0, 94V-2 . 30~80 , . 30~80% , . - 36 - ( ) . , , , .. , .. < 2-2> . - 37 - , .. in-suit (melt compound) .14)15). (2) . Clay . clay .. < 2-3> . < 2-3> Nylon6/MMT . NMC : Nylon 6 / Montmortlite composite for conventional methods NMC++ : Nylon 6 / Montmortlite Nanocomposite - 38.

8 5% .. , . , , , , .. 21 .. Na-Montmorillonite(Na-MMT) .. alkylammonium . Alkylphosnium(Onium) . Clay( Clay) .. clay .. clay .. - 39 - , Clay . , .. clay clay . , . clay clay clay .. 100 . , .. 1980 . clay .. , .. Gianneilis .. , .. 30,000 .. - 40 - .. 30-40wt% . 10wt% .. Nylon/Clay . Montel GM TPO/Clay .. , , . PP, PET .. - 41 - , clay . , , .. clay .. clay , . , . , , .. delamination .. delamination .. < 2-4> clay , clay . 1960 .. Delaware Blumstein , Sakamoto . , .. 1987 CRDL 12-aminolauric acid clay .. - 42 - < 2-4> Clay . Chareteristics/. Year Researcher Content References 196. Intercalation of PVA from the aqueous IS= /30. 3. solution using montmorillonite 196 Polymerization-intercalation of PMMA using IS= /31. 5 (U. of montmorillonite Delaware). 197. C. W. Francis Intercalation of PVP from the aqueous IS=20 /32.

9 3. (Oak Ridge) solution using montmorillonite 197. K. K. Parikh Polymerization-intercalation of PAN using IS= /33. 4. (Lowell) montmorillonite 197. Polymerization-intercalation of polyamide IS= /34. 6. using caprolactam and montmorillonite treated with protonated 6-Aminocaproic acid 198. H. Takahara Polymerization-intercalation of polystyrene IS=~22 /13. 1. (Waseda Univ.) using montmorillonite treated with Stearytrimethyl ammonium 198. Polyamide nonocomposite synthesis using IS=51~210 /2. 7. (Toyota) caprolactam and montmorillonite treated with protonated 12-Aminolauric acid 198 Polymerization-intercalation of PAN, firstly IS= /35. 8 for kaolinite: Kao-DMSO Kao-ammonium (Waseda Univ.). acetate AN-intercalation polymerization(Kao-PAN). 199 IS=~22 . E. P. Giannelis Direct Intercalation of polystyrene melts in 3 MW=35,000.

10 (Cornell Univ.) layered montmorillonite using and 400,000. dioctadecyldimethylammonium ion as an 25hr at 165 . intercalant /4. 199. E. P. Giannelis Montmorillonite/epoxy nanocomposite using Step by Step 4. (Cornell Univ.) bis(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl tallow-alkyl Curing. ammonium as an Intercalant Exfoliated/21. 199 Montmorillonite/epoxy nanocomposite using Pinnavaia Subarnbient 4 long chain(n>=12)alkyl ammonium ion as an ( ) Tg-System, intercalant and jeffamin 2000 as a curing Exfoliated/21. agent 199. E. P. Giannelis Montmorillonite/epoxy ( Exfoliated/27. 6. (Cornell Univ.) -Caprolactone)nanocomposite using 12-aminododecanoic acid as an intercalant 199. C. Deterllier Synthesis of Kao/PEG by direct intercation of I S = 4 . 0 . 6. (U. of Ottawa) PEG melts using Kao-DMSO MW=1,000 and 3,400/38. 199. O. Kamigaito Preparation of montmorillonite/PP 80% Increase 7.