Job Attitudes - Judge

1 PS63CH14- Judge ARI 31 October 2011 12:16. ANNUAL. REVIEWS Further Job Attitudes Click here for quick links to Annual Reviews content online, including: Timothy A. Judge1 and John D. Kammeyer-Mueller2. Other articles in this volume 1. Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556;. Top cited articles email: Top downloaded articles 2. Department of Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611;. Annu. Rev. Psychol. :341-367. Downloaded from Our comprehensive search email: kammeyjd@u .edu by University of Notre Dame on 04/23/12. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2012. 63:341 67 Keywords The Annual Review of Psychology is online at job Attitudes , job satisfaction, mood, emotions, personality, performance This article's doi: Abstract Copyright c 2012 by Annual Reviews.

2 Job Attitudes research is arguably the most venerable and popular topic All rights reserved in organizational psychology. This article surveys the eld as it has 0066-4308/12/0110-0341$ been constituted in the past several years. De nitional issues are ad- dressed rst, in an attempt to clarify the nature, scope, and structure of job Attitudes . The distinction between cognitive and affective bases of job Attitudes has been an issue of debate, and recent research using within-persons designs has done much to inform this discussion. Recent research has also begun to reformulate the question of dispositional or situational in uences on employee Attitudes by addressing how these factors might work together to in uence Attitudes .

3 Finally, there has also been a continual growth in research investigating how employee Attitudes are related to a variety of behaviors at both the individual and aggregated level of analysis. 341. PS63CH14- Judge ARI 31 October 2011 12:16. Contents Early In uences .. 352. INTRODUCTION.. 342 Speci c Dispositions .. 353. WHAT ARE JOB Core Self-Evaluations .. 353. Attitudes ? .. 343 Integration of State Link between Job Attitudes and Trait Perspectives .. 354. and Social Attitudes .. 343 SITUATIONAL. De nition of Job Attitudes .. 344 ANTECEDENTS OF. Multifaceted Nature of Job JOB Attitudes .. 354. Attitudes .. 345 Job Characteristics .. 354. Recent Emphasis on Affect .. 345 Social Environment Multilevel, Experience- Characteristics.

4 354. Sampling Designs .. 346 Leadership .. 355. Annu. Rev. Psychol. :341-367. Downloaded from DISCRETE JOB Attitudes .. 346 Organizational Practices .. 356. De ning the Construct Space .. 346 Time and Job Attitudes .. 356. OUTCOMES OF JOB. by University of Notre Dame on 04/23/12. For personal use only. Global Job Attitudes .. 347. Facets of Job Satisfaction .. 348 Attitudes .. 357. Organizational Commitment .. 349 Overview .. 357. Attitudes Toward Behaviors.. 350 Task Performance .. 358. STATES AND TRAITS IN JOB Creative Performance .. 358. Attitudes RESEARCH .. 350 Citizenship Behavior .. 359. Affective Events Theory .. 350 Withdrawal/. Recent Research on Counterproductivity .. 359.

5 Within-Individual Variation Organizational in Job Attitudes .. 351 Performance .. 360. DISPOSITIONAL CONCLUSION .. 360. ANTECEDENTS OF JOB. Attitudes .. 352. INTRODUCTION Attitudes research. These reviews tended to treat the job Attitudes literature in brief, or in Job Attitudes are one of the oldest, most popu- service of another topic. In this review, we focus lar, and most in uential areas of inquiry in all exclusively on job Attitudes . of organizational psychology. As of this writing, Despite this exclusive focus on job Attitudes , the PsycINFO database reveals 33,348 records given the breadth and depth of job Attitudes re- pertaining to job Attitudes , work Attitudes , . search, we must place several bounds on this job satisfaction, or organizational commit- review.

6 As is the tradition of the Annual Re- ment. Of these entries, one of those terms ap- view of Psychology, we purposely orient our re- pears in the title of 6,397 entries, and the trend view with a recency bias in that we consider appears to be accelerating. We are therefore newer and current topics to a greater degree pleased and a bit daunted to provide the rst than older ones. Similarly, most of our citations review of this literature for the Annual Review are relatively recent works (articles published of Psychology. Previous reviewers ( , Brief &. in the past 10 years). However, our focus on Weiss 2002, Miner & Dachler 1973, O'Reilly the current status of the job Attitudes literature 1991, Staw 1984) have made reference to job does not mean that we ignore the traditional 342 Judge Kammeyer-Mueller PS63CH14- Judge ARI 31 October 2011 12:16.

7 Contributions of job Attitudes research. Fi- suf ciently segmented that they are only of nally, our bibliography is selective rather than specialized interest ( , an attitude about exhaustive. private enterprise, about expressionist art, etc.). Job satisfaction: an In organizing this review, we rst discuss the Given this multiplicity of attitude objects, why evaluative state that nature of and de ne job Attitudes in the context is it justi ed to consider job Attitudes as an expresses contentment of the larger social Attitudes literature. We de- important and central aspect of social Attitudes ? with and positive vote a substantial amount of space to discussions There are three ways to answer this ques- feelings about one's job of discrete job Attitudes , including job satisfac- tion.

8 First, though it is reasonable, perhaps even tion, organizational commitment, and other at- necessary, to view job Attitudes as social atti- Organizational commitment: an titudes. We then discuss states and traits in job tudes, there are important differences between individual's Attitudes research, including emotions and dis- these research traditions; the differences may psychological bond positional in uences. We examine situational tell us as much about social Attitudes as they with the organization, antecedents, including a discussion of how job do about job Attitudes . Though the Attitudes as represented by an and organizational characteristics and the social literature has revealed many important and in- affective attachment to Annu.

9 Rev. Psychol. :341-367. Downloaded from the organization, a environment affect job Attitudes . We conclude teresting insights, on the whole, the literature feeling of loyalty by reviewing research linking job Attitudes to is limited in the range of populations, settings, toward it, and an by University of Notre Dame on 04/23/12. For personal use only. prominent work behaviors and outcomes. and content or targets of the Attitudes . As Judge intention to remain as et al. (2011) have noted, the limitations are in part of it the form of what ( , overwhelmingly, politi- Job Attitudes : WHAT ARE JOB Attitudes ? cal or cultural Attitudes or identities as opposed evaluations of one's to contextual Attitudes about one's job, one's job that express one's Link between Job Attitudes feelings toward, beliefs life, one's family, etc.)

10 , with whom ( , heavy and Social Attitudes reliance on college undergraduates, which may about, and attachment to one's job The substantive nature of job Attitudes ows limit the scope and nature of the investigations), Attitude: from the broader literature on social Attitudes , and how ( , behavior is often not studied or is a psychological so we begin our review by discussing how studied in a sterile, though well-controlled, ex- tendency that is these literatures are related. A job attitude, perimental context) Attitudes are studied. That expressed by of course, is a type of attitude, and therefore the job Attitudes literature provides different evaluating a particular entity with some it is important to place job Attitudes research contexts, populations, and methods for studies degree of favor or in the broader context of social Attitudes suggests that social Attitudes researchers would disfavor (of which job research.)