Transcription of Joint Military Operations Reference Guide
1 NWC 3153L THE UNITED STATES NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Joint Military Operations Reference Guide "FORCES/CAPABILITIES HANDBOOK" July 2011 VIRIBUS MARIVICTORIATHEUNITEDSTATESNAVALWARCOLLE GER INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction .. 1 Navy .. 2 I Mission and Purpose .. 2 II Organization and Command Structure .. 2 III US Navy Concept of Operations .. 7 IV Capabilities .. 14 V Navy Reserve .. 27 VI Current Challenges .. 28 Army .. 30 I Introduction.
2 30 II Operating Structure .. 32 III Army Organization .. 33 IV Army Commands .. 39 V Army National Guard and Army Reserve .. 57 VI Army Logistical Data .. 58 VII Major Army Systems .. 61 VIII Army Coordination Issues .. 67 IX References .. 69 Marine Corps .. 71 I Mission and Purpose .. 71 II Organization and Structure .. 72 III Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) .. 74 IV Warfighting Doctrine .. 81 V Systems and Equipment .. 81 VI Service Specific Issues.
3 82 Air Force .. 84 I Air Force .. 84 II Air Force .. 84 III Command Structure .. 84 IV Major Command .. 86 V Air National Guard .. 104 VI The Air and Space Expeditionary Force .. 107 VII Aircraft Capabilities .. 108 VIII Space Capabilities .. 115 Coast Guard .. 117 I Organization .. 117 II Concept of Operations .. 117 III General Information .. 122 IV Coast Guard Forces .. 123 Special Operations 133 I Mission .. 133 II SOCOM Vision .. 133 III Organization.
4 134 IV Concept of Operations .. 138 V General Information .. 140 Strategic Lift .. 148 I Mission, Organization, and Resources .. 148 II Concept of Operations for Strategic Deployment .. 161 III Movement in support of Homeland Defense and Civil support .. 163 Operational Command and Control .. 164 I .. 164 II Command Relationships and Levels of .. 165 III Joint Command Organization .. 169 IV Multinational Command .. 178 V US vs. Alliance Command Relationships .. 182 Appendix A Services' Insignia .. A-1 Appendix B Conversion Table .. B-1 Appendix C Navy Composite Warfare Commander (CWC) Concept .. C-1 Appendix D Air and Sea Route Times.
5 D-1 1 INTRODUCTION Every student enrolled at the Naval War College is presumed to have a solid understanding and appreciation of their service's capabilities and limitations, particularly within their occupational specialty. However, knowledge of the other services' combat organizations, doctrine, concept of Operations , or general information (and perhaps that of other occupational specialties within your own service) is likely to be less comprehensive. This document provides basic information about each of the services, SOF, strategic lift, and operational command and control. Each of these topics will be discussed in greater detail in future sessions. The format of this document is designed to be succinct yet also present a complete and accurate description of the subject. Short paragraphs, bullet format, diagrams and appendices are used to convey general or generic, vice specific, information.
6 Numbers, ranges, sizes and speeds are either rounded off, cover a broad range of options, or are not discussed at all. The goal is for you to become familiar with the capabilities that the Joint force can provide so that you, the operational planner, can accomplish your mission objectives. This document can also serve as a quick Reference in your future endeavors. Finally, in this ever-changing defense environment of budget restraints, base closures, and force reductions, some of the information contained within may be or become outdated. Seminar discussions will address the most current information. 2 NAVY I. Mission and Purpose The mission of the Navy is to maintain, train and equip combat-ready Naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression and maintaining freedom of the seas.
7 In order to successfully carry out this broad mission the Navy maintains capability to perform the following key functions as directed by DOD Directive : Conduct offensive and defensive Operations associated with the maritime domain including achieving and maintaining sea control, to include subsurface, surface, land, air, space, and cyberspace. Provide power projection through sea-based global strike, to include nuclear and conventional capabilities; interdiction and interception capabilities; maritime and/or littoral fires, to include naval surface fires; and close air support for ground forces. Conduct ballistic missile defense. Conduct ocean, hydro, and river survey and reconstruction. Conduct riverine Operations . Establish, maintain, and defend sea bases in support of naval, amphibious, land, air, or other Joint Operations as directed.
8 Provide naval expeditionary logistics to enhance the deployment, sustainment, and redeployment of naval forces and other forces operating within the maritime domain, to include Joint sea bases, and provide sea transport for the Armed Forces other than that which is organic to the individual Military Services and USSOCOM. Provide support for Joint space Operations to enhance naval Operations , in coordination with the other Military Services, Combatant Commands, and USG departments and agencies. Conduct nuclear Operations in support of strategic deterrence, to include providing and maintaining nuclear surety and capabilities. II. Organization and Command Structure The Navy was founded on 13 October 1775 and the Department of the Navy was established on 30 April 1798. The Department of the Navy has three principal components: the Navy Department, consisting of executive offices mostly in Washington, , the operating forces, including the Marine Corps, the reserve components, and in time of war, the Coast Guard (in peace it is a component of the Department of Homeland Security), and 3 the shore establishment.
9 The focus of this chapter is on the Navy operating forces, not to include the Marine Corps who are addressed in a separate chapter. Naval Operating Forces (Fleet Forces) Navy operating forces have a dual chain of command. Administratively, they report to the Chief of Naval Operations for the execution of their Title 10 responsibilities (man, train, equip, maintain). All Navy operating units have an administrative chain of command which runs through the appropriate Type Commander (TYCOM): (Surface Forces (SURFOR), Air Forces (AIRFOR), Submarine Forces (SUBFOR), Special Warfare (NAVSPECWARCOM), Expeditionary Forces (Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC)), Auxiliary and sealift forces ( Military Sealift Command)). Type Commanders have responsibility for the training and readiness of their type forces to include maintenance, manning, and equipping as well as the training and assignment of personnel.
10 The following chart presents an overview of the Title 10 / administrative organization of the Navy operating forces: US NAVY ADMIN ORGANIZATION Chief OfNaval OperationsPacific FleetFleet Cyber CommandNaval Special WarfareCommandChief of Navy ReserveCommander Navy Installations CommandBureau ofPersonnelNaval ForcesEurope/AfricaFleet ForcesCommandNaval ForcesSouthNaval ForcesCentralNavy Staff(OPNAV) Operationally, Navy forces report to the appropriate Unified Combatant Commanders through the assigned Navy component commander. As Navy units enter the area of responsibility (AOR) for a Geographic Combatant Commander, they fall under operational control (OPCON) of the appropriate numbered fleet commander (via the Navy component 4 commander). The following chart presents an overview of the operational organization of the Navy operating forces: OPERATIONAL NavalForces CentralCommandUS NavalForcesEurope/AfricaFleet ForcesCommand(Atlantic Fleet)Fleet ForcesCommand (Atlantic Fleet)Fleet ForcesCommand(Atlantic Fleet)US NavalForces SouthernCommand5thFleetUSFF DCOM (FJO)6thFleet3rdFleet7thFleet4thFleetMil itarySealiftCommandNaval Special WarfareCommandUSEUCOM & USAFRICOMUS USNORTHCOMUSPACOMUSCENTCOMUSSOUTHCOMUSSO COMUSJFCOMUSSTRATCOMUSTRANSCOMFLTCYBERCO M/10thFleetUSCYBERCOM Naval Shore Forces The shore establishment provides support to the operating forces (known as "the fleet") in the form of: facilities for the repair of machinery and electronics; communications centers; training areas and simulators; ship and aircraft repair.
