JP 5-0, Joint Planning, 01 December 2020

1 DEPAOTMENTFTHEARMYEUNITEDSTATSOAFAMERICR J oint Publication 5-0 Joint Planning01 December 2020 i PREFACE 1. Scope a. This publication is the keystone document for Joint planning . It provides the doctrinal foundation and fundamental principles that guide the Armed Forces of the United States in planning Joint campaigns and operations. b. Joint planning is the process of identifying military ways and means (with associated risk) the President can integrate with other instruments of national power (diplomatic, informational, and economic) to implement strategic guidance. c. The crises and contingencies the Joint force faces cut across multiple combatant commands, domains, and functions. Global integration addresses transregional, all-domain, and multifunctional challenges.

2 2. Purpose This publication provides planning considerations for the Armed Forces of the United States interaction with governmental and nongovernmental agencies, multinational forces, and other interorganizational partners. It does not restrict the authority of Joint force commanders from organizing forces and executing the mission as they deem best to ensure unity of effort and the achievement of objectives. 3. Application a. Joint doctrine established in this publication applies to the Joint Staff, combatant commands, subordinate unified commands, Joint task forces, subordinate components of these commands, the Services, the National Guard Bureau, and combat support agencies. b. This doctrine constitutes official advice concerning the enclosed subject matter; however, the judgment of the commander is paramount in all situations.

3 C. If conflicts arise between the contents of this publication and the contents of Service publications, this publication will take precedence unless the CJCS, normally in coordination with the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has provided more current and specific guidance. Commanders of forces operating as part of a multinational (alliance Preface ii JP 5-0 or coalition) military command should follow multinational doctrine and procedures ratified by the United States. For doctrine and procedures not ratified by the United States, commanders should evaluate and follow the multinational command s doctrine and procedures, where applicable and consistent with US law, regulations, and doctrine. For the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: STUART B.

4 MUNSCH Vice Admiral, United States Navy Director for Joint Force Development iii JP 5-0 SUMMARY OF CHANGES REVISION OF Joint PUBLICATION 5-0 DATED 16 JUNE 2017 Reorganizes to clarify the Joint planning process and operational design: Separates the planning process (Chapter III, Joint planning Process ) from operational design (Chapter IV, operational Design ). Adds updated global integration processes and terms (global integration framework [GIF] and GIF development and review process). Changes the definition of decisive point to key terrain vice geographic place to account for operations in cyberspace. Expands discussion on global campaigning and campaign planning . Updates and edits Chapters I, Joint planning , and Chapter II, Strategic Guidance and Coordination.

5 Removes redundancies. Eliminates references to Guidance for Employment of the Force (GEF) and GEF-directed objectives. Edits Appendix K, Operation Assessment Plan. Summary of Changes iv JP 5-0 Intentionally Blank v TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .. xi CHAPTER I Joint planning Overview .. I-1 Strategy, Plans, Operations, and Assessments Cycle .. I-2 I-3 Principles of planning .. I-5 planning Products .. I-7 Shared Understanding .. I-18 Risk Identification and Mitigation .. I-20 Assessment .. I-23 Interorganizational planning and Coordination .. I-24 Multinational planning and Coordination .. I-26 Strategic Guidance for Multinational Operations .. I-28 Review of Multinational Plans.

6 I-29 CHAPTER II STRATEGIC GUIDANCE AND COORDINATION Overview .. II-1 SECTION A. NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE GUIDANCE Introduction .. II-1 Strategic Guidance and Direction .. II-1 National Security Council System .. II-3 National Security Strategy .. II-3 Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development .. II-3 Department of Defense .. II-4 Joint Strategic planning System .. II-5 Combatant Commanders .. II-8 Commander s Communication Synchronization .. II-10 SECTION B. APPLICATION OF GUIDANCE Joint planning and Execution Community .. II-10 Adaptive planning .. II-12 operational Activities .. II-13 Table of Contents vi JP 5-0 CHAPTER III Joint planning PROCESS planning is Commander s III-1 planning Teams.

7 III-1 Transregional, All-Domain III-2 SECTION A. OVERVIEW OF planning AND THE planning FUNCTIONS Overview .. III-3 planning Functions .. III-5 SECTION B. THE Joint planning PROCESS Joint planning Process Steps .. III-10 SECTION C. ADDITIONAL planning CONSIDERATIONS Overview .. III-75 CHAPTER IV operational DESIGN Overview .. IV-1 operational Design Methodology .. IV-2 operational Design Methodology Steps .. IV-3 Elements of operational Design .. IV-18 Overarching Elements of operational Design .. IV-19 operational Environment .. IV-29 Time .. IV-35 Forces and Functions .. IV-40 Balancing .. IV-44 Check the Plan .. IV-45 CHAPTER V CAMPAIGNING Overview .. V-1 Campaign planning .. V-5 Resource-Informed planning (Capability Assignment, ApportionmentAllocation).

8 V-9 Elements of a Combatant Command Campaign Plan .. V-12 Assessing Campaign Plans .. V-15 Risk .. V-15 Opportunity .. V-16 Table of Contents vii CHAPTER VI OPERATION ASSESSMENT Overview .. VI-1 The Purpose of Operation Assessment in Joint Operations .. VI-7 Tenets of Operation Assessment .. VI-7 Commander and Staff Involvement .. VI-8 Staff Organization for Operation Assessment .. VI-11 Conducting Operation Assessment .. VI-12 CHAPTER VII TRANSITION TO EXECUTION Overview .. VII-1 Types of Transition .. VII-2 Transition Process .. VII-3 Tools to Aid Transition .. VII-8 APPENDIX A Joint Operation Plan Example .. A-1 B Strategic Estimate ..B-1 C Staff Estimates ..C-1 D Global Force Management.

9 D-1 E Flexible Deterrent Options and Flexible Response Options .. E-1 F Course of Action Comparison .. F-1 G Posture Plans .. G-1 H Theater Distribution Plans .. H-1 J Red Teams .. J-1 K Operation Assessment Plan .. K-1 L Points of Contact .. L-1 M References .. M-1 N Administrative Instructions .. N-1 GLOSSARY Part I Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Initialisms .. GL-1 Part II Terms and Definitions .. GL-5 FIGURE I-1 planning Comparison .. I-14 I-2 Joint Orders .. I-17 II-1 Providing for the Strategic Direction of the Armed Forces of the United States ..II-6 II-2 Joint planning and Execution Community ..II-11 Table of Contents viii JP 5-0 II-3 Key planning Times.

10 II-15 III-1 planning Functions, Process, and operational Design Methodology .. III-4 III-2 Joint planning Overview .. III-5 III-3 Developing the operational Approach .. III-10 III-4 Joint planning Process Steps .. III-11 III-5 Joint planning Process: Mission Analysis .. III-14 III-6 Mission Analysis Activities .. III-15 III-7 Potential Course of Action Evaluation Criteria .. III-23 III-8 Probability of Event .. III-24 III-9 Consequence Levels .. III-24 III-10 Generic Risk Contour Graph .. III-25 III-11 Commander s Critical Information Requirements .. III-26 III-12 Example Mission Analysis Briefing .. III-30 III-13 Joint planning Process Step 3: Course of Action Development.