Transcription of 『連載ラウドネス講座』 - ＜JPPA＞一般社団 ...
1 jppa 2010 4 .. 1 .. 1 True-peak . 2011 7 . jppa . CM . True-peak .. 1 .. CM .. CM .. VU .. 0dBFS .. ISO 226 . 1 . (2003) . VU .. 3 . ISO . 40dB 1kHz . 1 sone . 2 . (loudness) . phon . 1 sone 40 phon . 1/7. jppa 2010 4 . 1kHz CM VU . 1 sone=40 phon =40dBSPL .. 40 phon 1 sone . 5 . 1kHz 10dB . 2 2 sone . 1 . ISO 532B . 20Hz . 10dB 4 .. ITU-R .. 6 ITU-R . ITU-R .. 1 ISO 226(2003) .. 4 . BS.[LOUD] . 1 80dB .. 1kHz .. 80phon . 2009 11 . 125Hz . ITU-R . 90dB 1kHz .. 90dB .. VU 1kHz 10VU . 7 ITU-R . 63Hz . ITU-R . 3kHz . LKFS ISO/IEC . 80phon . phon . 77dB . phon .. LKFS . 3kHz . 2/7. jppa 2010 4 .. 60phon . 60phon -24 LKFS A/D . Sample-peak .. ITU-R . K ISO . A-weighted C- . weighted sound pressure level . True-peak . 3 EBU 2 . P/LOUD LKFS. LUFS Loudness Unit Full-Scale . ISO 80000-8 . ITU-R .. 8 BS.[LOUD]. BS.[LOUD] .. BS.[LOUD] - 24 LKFS .. 2 . Comfort Zone.
2 10 Sample-peak . -24 LKFS -23 LKFS 0dBFS . 4 19 True-peak . ITU-R D/A .. 1/2 . 9 True-peak A/D. True-peak . D/A .. 3/7. jppa 2010 4 .. True- [ 1] peak True- peak 6 . True-peak PCM . 4 48kHz x4 =. 11 Sample-peak True-peak 192kHz 16kHz . 4 . 48kHz/fs Sample-peak True-peak Sample-peak True-peak . 2 .. 12 SACD . SACD DSD . [ 1, 2] A/D . 1bit A/D . True-peak Sample-peak 0dBFS 64 True-peak . MHz SACD . 1kHz + 2kHz + DSD 50% 0dB . 4kHz + 0dBSACD . 8kHz + 100% DSD. 12kHz + 16kHz + +6dB SACD . 1 fs=48kHz MaxPeak . 5 . + 50kHz . True-peak True-peak 0dB . Sample-peak 100% +6dB D/A. Max Peak + 1 . True-peak Sample-peak . 16kHz 0dBFS . 13 . 6dB . 0dBFS . True-peak +6dBFS . -6dBFS dBFS . True-peak 0dBFS .. 8kHz 16kHz . 4/7. jppa 2010 4 . 8kHz/0dBFS 0VU . 1 - -24 LOUD -24 LKFS . 2dBFS VU 0VU . 12kHz/0dBFS VU 0VU . -3dBFS . ITU-R .. 48kH . 20kHz 12dBFS .. 8kHz -30dBFS.
3 -1 -2dBFS . -3dBFS 3 .. 14 .. VU . QPPM 4 CM1. IEC Type II .. LMCU .. ITU-R .. Lch . 5 2.. 15 VU . CM . 4 10 . 3 6 . 2 6 . VU LOUD 10 . -24 LOUD . 5/7. jppa 2010 4 . -2 -3VU .. -3 -4VU .. 2 .. -24 LKFS VU . Comport Zone . -3 -4VU . BGM . CM COMP -3 [ 1] ITU-R , 2007. -4VU [ 2] Audio Precision Application Note #5, -1VU Julian Dunn, 2001.. -24 LKFS VU . 6/7. jppa 2010 4 . ITU-R True-peak . True-peak Under-read . True-peak Sample-peak . Peak-sample . Sample-peak 4 192kHz . fnorm= f=24kHz 48kHz .. 16kHz 20kHz . Over-sampling Under-read(dB) Max Under-read(dB) Max (dB) (dB). ratio (n) fnorm = fnorm = fnorm = fnorm = 4 8 10 12 14 16 32 1(fs=48k ) True-peak Sample-peak . 48kHz .. maximum under-read (in dB) = 20log(cos ( *fnorm /n)). fnorm= 24kHz 48kHz= . 100% True-peak 0dB TP dBFS -1dB TP . 100% True-peak 1dB -1dBFS . 16kHz 20kHz ratio 1 =48kHz . fnorm 16k 20kHz.
4 Ratio 1 . 20kHz .. dB . ITU-R 4 . 1dB -1dB TP . 1dB .. ATSC RP A/85 True-peak . -2dB TP .. 7/7.
