KEY ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS 2020

1 ENVIRONMENTALKEYSTATISTICS2020 Clean Air Averaging timePollutant2020 Air QualityTarget for Singapore11 Singapore s 2020 air quality targets are benchmarked against the World Health Organisation s (WHO) Interim Targets and Air Quality Guidelines, except for the SO2 and annual targets. There is no WHO SO2 annual guideline value, and our annual target is more stringent than WHO s interim Maximum 24-hour, 8-hour or 1-hour 3 99th percentile Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) ( g/m3)Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) ( g/m3)Ozone (O3) ( g/m3)Particulate Matter (PM) 10 ( g/m3)Particulate Matter (PM) ( g/m3)24-hour2 Annual1-hour2 Annual8-hour224-hour3 Annual24-hour3 Annual1-hour28-hour2 Carbon Monoxide (CO) (mg/m3) : PSI includes Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Particulate Matter (PM10), Particulate Matter ( ), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Ozone (O3). Figures are rounded to the nearest Air quality was affected by transboundary smoke haze from land and forest fires in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2019.

2 Good & Moderate Legend:Unhealthy Very Unhealthy & Hazardous (%) of days in the Quality in terms of PSI2007200820092010201120122013973201420 152016201799199120181009732019 Solid Waste Management Total energy produced from incineration (MWh)1,173,302 1,215,906 Lifespan of non-domestic waste disposed of3(Mil tonnes/yr) non-domestic waste disposed of (Tonnes a day/GDP[$billion])Non-domestic recycling rate2(%)36 1,1 62,4 Total waste generated = Total waste recycled + Total waste incinerated + Total waste landfilled2 Sustainable Singapore Blueprint target for 2030 is 70% for overall recycling rate, 30% for domestic recycling rate and 81% for non-domestic recycling Figures exclude metals recovered from Incineration Bottom Total waste landfilled includes non-incinerable waste such as construction and demolition waste, used slag and treated sludge etc. and excludes incineration ash generated from waste disposed through Measured from the start of the lifespan of Semakau landfill, Figures were revised following a review of the waste and recycling STATISTICS in waste (Mil tonnes/yr) waste domesticwaste disposed of3(Mil tonnes/yr) domestic waste disposed of per capita(Kg a Day/person)Domestic recycling rate2(%)%Total waste landfilled4%Total waste incinerated3% Waste Management Waste StreamAmount ofWaste Generated(Mil tonnes/yr) Amount ofWaste Recycled(Mil tonnes/yr)Recycling Rate(%)Construction & DemolitionFerrous metalPaper/CardboardPlasticsFoodWoodHort iculturalAsh & sludgeTextile/LeatherUsed slagNon-ferrous metalGlassScrap tyresOthers(stones, ceramics, rubber etc.)

3 Total The figures may not add up to the total due to rounding and horticultural waste recycled include 458,000 tonnes sent to facilities ( biomass power plants and Sembcorp s Energy from Waste plant) for use as Dengue Fever (DF) is caused by infection with a dengue virus [Source: Ministry of Health]. 2 Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a severe form of dengue fever that could result in death [Source: Ministry of Health]. ENVIRONMENTAL Health Vector Control No. of local dengue (DF1 and DHF2) cases per 100,000 population Supply Resilience No. of the 5 key food items (fish, eggs, chicken, pork and leafy vegetables) that has less than 50% of supply from a single country201732018320193 Food Safety and Supply ResilienceNo. of SFA-licensed hawkers (hawker stalls4 and street hawkers)13,86513,882 Food Safety Foodborne illness cases related tofoodborne outbreak per 100,000 population1( 15 people affected per outbreak)No. of SFA-licensed local farms (land-based and sea-based) 2019222No.

4 Of SFA-licensed food establishments (non-retail and retail)35,16938,37313,921-201822336,175( Achieved for key food items: pork, chicken and fish)1 This food safety indicator harmonises former AVA and NEA s food safety indicators, to cover foodborne illnesses across the whole food supply chain from farm-to-fork, including As of 25 June 2020, there are four foodborne outbreak incidents pending conclusion of investigations. These cases have not yet been included in the current Comprises non-retail food establishments ( food manufacturers, cold stores, slaughterhouses); and retail food establishments ( coffee shops, restaurants, cafes, takeaway shops, supermarkets, and food caterers).4 Hawker stalls refer to smaller compartmentalised units which are housed within markets/food centres owned by MSE and HDB (excludes private markets/food centres of other Statutory Boards, SLA s Lau Pa Sat and JTC s Jurong Port Road Food Centre).5 There is no grading for private markets, supermarkets and street hawkers.

5 Percentages for the figures may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding Non-retail food establishments refer to food processing establishments where food is manufactured, processed, prepared or packed for the purpose of distribution to wholesalers and Food shops refer to establishments which are licensed to retail food businesses ( food court).8 Food stalls refer to smaller compartmentalised units which are housed within a food Shops7 Food Stalls8 Hawker StallsA38% 5,035C1%94B62% 8,215 Grading issued20172018A79% 10,304 B21% 2,747 C1% 68A36% 1, 3,0952019A80%11,221B19% 2,725C1% 90A40% 5,369C1% 113A39% 2,062 C1% 10B60% 3,107 B59% 7,841 A79% 10,849 B20% 2,750 C1% 64C1%83B61% 8,081A39% 5,164A40% 2,034 3,093 Grading issued to food establishments and hawkers5 Non-retail food establishments6B54% 825 C31% 476D2% 36B56%931c30% 513C2% 30A13% 189B55% 873A13% 189D2% 32C31% 497A12% 191A12% 19817 Water Resource Management 100%Access to Improved Drinking Water Sources1 Access to Improved Sanitation2 Tests meeting WHO drinking water quality guidelines(2017-2019)No.

6 Ofreservoirs inSingapore1 As defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO), water sources that, by nature of construction or through active intervention,are protected from outside contamination. These include piped water into premises, protected dug well, As defined by WHO, sanitation facilities that hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. These include flush/pour flush toilets or latrines connected to a sewer, septic tank, Distribution Losses has replaced the Unaccounted for Water indicator from 2019 onwards as Distribution Losses accounts for all possible leaks and is therefore, a more holistic indicator on water Efficiency 2019 Distribution Losses3 (%)No. of leaks per 100km of potable water pipelinesNo. of disruptions per month per 1,000 km of sewers (average over a year)Flood-prone areas (Hectares) (Mil m3)Sale of potable water in Singapore Domestic Non-domesticSale of NEWaterSale of Industrial WaterVolume of used water treated Resource Management 1 A new target of 130 L/day by 2030 was set in Figures include projects carried out by public agencies and exclude test-bedding Capital Household Water Consumption1(Litres/day)No.

7 Of lifestyle events held at reservoirs and waterways 14120192442018441432017426 Water Demand and Management Public Outreach No. of ABC Waters projects completed by PUB (cumulative)23614136641 Climate Change and Energy Efficiency Total greenhouse gas emissions1,2 (KtCO2e)Climate Change/EnergyEnergy consumption per dollar GDP2(% improvement from 2005 levels) Grid emissions factor2, 4 (kgCO2/kWh) Domestic electricity use per capita4,5 (MWh) , , NA NA 1 Estimated using 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and Global Warming Potential values from the IPCC 5th Assessment Report. International Bunker fuels are excluded in accordance with United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reporting guidelines. 2 Figures may be periodically updated as more accurate data ( from the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector) are made available. 3 Data will be available in Data obtained from Energy Market Data obtained from Department of Data will be available in and International Collaboration ENVIRONMENTAL agreements that Singapore has ratified/acceded to Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement with a Small Quantities Protocol 18 Oct 77 Vienna Conventionfor the Protectionof the Ozone Layer1990 London Amendment to Montreal Protocol2 Mar 93 Montreal Protocol onSubstances that Depletethe Ozone LayerBasel convention on the Control ofTransboundary Movements ofHazardous Wastes and their Disposal2 Jan 96 United Nations Framework Conventionon Climate Change 29 May 9722 Sep 001992 CopenhagenAmendment toMontreal Protocol1997 MontrealAmendment toMontreal ProtocolASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution Stockholm Conventionon Persistent OrganicPollutants Rotterdam convention onthe Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain HazardousChemicals and Pesticides in International

8 Trade Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change 1999 Beijing Amendment to the Montreal Protocolon Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer Additional Protocolfor the Applicationof Safeguards Modified SmallQuantities Protocol for theApplication of Safeguards5 Jan 8931 Mar 0812 Apr 0614 Jan 0321 Sep 16 Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change22 Oct 14 Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol22 Sep 17 Minamata convention on Mercury10 Jan 0724 May 0523 Sep 14 ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve Agreement12 Jul 1230 Oct 18 Protocol to amend ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve AgreementTreaty on the Non-Proliferationof Nuclear Weapons (NPT)10 Mar 76 convention on Assistance in the Case of Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency15 Dec 97 convention onEarly Notification of a Nuclear AccidentConvention on Nuclear SafetyComprehensive NuclearTest-Ban Treaty (CTBT)10 Nov 01 convention on the Physical Protection of NuclearMaterial (CPPNM)Amendment to the Conventionon the Physical Protection ofNuclear Material11 This agreement is not yet in force22 Sep 14 Published by the Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #24-00 Singapore 228231 Website: Feedback: MSE Quality Service: 1800-738-4622 Fax: (65) 6731 9456 40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #13-00 Singapore 228231 Website: Feedback: Centre Hotline: 1800-CALL-NEA (1800-2255-632) Fax: (65) 6235 2611 40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #22-01 Singapore 228231 Website: Email: PUB-One (24-hour Contact Centre): 1800-CALL-PUB (1800-2255-782) Fax: (65) 6725 8015 ISSN: 1793-4524 Extracts of this e-publication may be made for non-commercialin-house use, subject to the source being the latest data, please visit our Jurong Gateway Road, JEM Office Tower, #14-01, Singapore 608550 Website.

9 Centre Hotline: 1800-CALL-SFA (1800 805 2575) Fax: (65) 63341831