わが国の自閉症の現状 杉山 ... - kokoro.umin.jp

1 1943 (L. Kanner) (B. Bettelheim) ( ) 1990 ( ) ( )

2 24 1 1 1990 3 1 2 1 2 3 1996 Wing 1998 2001 Chakrabarti 75% 2002 (63%) 1990 1 (S.)

3 Chakrabarti) 75 1 46 ( )63 125 1 41,579 2 (Jerry) (Bemporad) 1979 Jerry 1 Jerry (Temple Grandin) (Donna Williams)

4 Williams Williams 5 Williams 45 Grandin Williams Grandin Williams Grandin Bemporad (1979) Jerry Volkmer (1985) Tony Grandin (1986, 1995) Williams (1992, 1994 ) (1996, 2002) Gerland (1997) Lauson(1998) : (2001) : (2002).

5 Williams, 1992) Grandin, 1999) Williams, 1992) (Grandin,1995) (Williams, 2001) 3 Grandin 3 Williams (single focus) Grandin (mono-track)

6 Williams Grandin ( ) ( ).

7 (Grandin,1995) 4 5 6 ( ) .. Williams,1992,1994) ( , 2000) HFPDD HFPDD 5 6% ex.

8 354 600 18 354 1 )354(40)88(2)77(18)189(20) (18 )72(8)28(1)13(4)31(3) (18 )(32)(1)(14)158(17)(18 2826064 PDDNOS (N=354) 5 6 16 4 1 15 ( )

9 IQ IQ IQ GAF 100 Asperger 15m8 Asperger 13m7 13m6 PDDNOS9m5 Asperger 8m4 Asperger 8m3 PDDNOS7f2 PDDNOS5m1 24m16 21m15 Asperger 20m14 Asperger 18m13 Asperger 18m12 Asperger 17m11 Asperger 15m10 PDDNOS15m9 7 13m7 13m6 9m5 8m4 8m3 7f2 5m1 IQ 16 11 p<.

10 001 p<.001; Fisher 18 16 13 15 15 ( ) 24m16 21m15 20m14 18m13 18m12 17m11 15m10 15m9 11 Asperger SST 37 Asperger