L DOW IQUID EPOXY RESINS - Science | Engineering

1 DOWLIQUIDEPOXYRESINSDOWLIQUIDEPOXYRESINS C ontentsContentsIntroduction ..2 Products and Properties ..3 Resin Structure ..5 Curing Agents ..6 Primary and Secondary Polyfunctional Amines ..6 Aliphatic Polyamines ..7 Aromatic Polyamines ..7 Calculation of Stoichiometric Ratios ..7 Anhydrides ..9 Polyamides ..10 Catalytic Curing Agents ..11 Reactive Diluents, Modifiers, Fillers ..12 Reactive Diluents ..12 Resin Modifiers ..13 Fillers ..14 EPOXY Formulating Techniques ..15 Equipment ..15 Temperature Control ..15 Viscosity vs Temperature of EPOXY RESINS ..15 Resin Performance Data ..16 Test Methods ..17 Chemical and Solvent Resistance ..17 Cure Schedules ..18 Liquid EPOXY RESINS Cured with * 24 Physical Properties ..19 Electrical Properties ..20 Chemical, Solvent Resistance, andThermal Degradation ..21 Liquid EPOXY RESINS Cured with 1,2-Cyclohexane DiaminePhysical Properties ..22 Electrical Properties ..22 Chemical, Solvent Resistance, and Thermal Degradation.

2 23 Liquid EPOXY RESINS Cured with NadicMethyl AnhydridePhysical Properties ..24 Electrical Properties ..25 Chemical, Solvent Resistance, and Thermal Degradation ..26 Liquid EPOXY RESINS Cured with BF3 MEAP hysical Properties ..27 Electrical Properties ..28 Chemical, Solvent Resistance, and Thermal Degradation ..29 Liquid EPOXY RESINS Cured with Polyamide Curing AgentPhysical Properties ..30 Electrical Properties ..31 Chemical, Solvent Resistance, and Thermal Degradation ..32 Liquid EPOXY RESINS Containing a Reactive DiluentPhysical Properties ..32 Electrical Properties ..33 Chemical, Solvent Resistance, and Thermal Degradation ..33 Additional Property Data ..34 Storage ..35 Hazards And Handling Precautions ..36 Health Hazards ..36 Handling Precautions ..38 Flammability ..39 Spill Containment and Cleanup ..39 Appendix Abbreviations ..40 Product Stewardship ..41 DOWLIQUIDEPOXYRESINSDOWLIQUIDEPOXYRESINS Note: Safety information on the handlingof novolac RESINS , EPOXY RESINS , solvents,diluents, modifiers, and other common EPOXY formulation materials is , plant conditions and environ-ments vary so widely, no warranty of anykind can be given.

3 Formulators-customersshould contact their suppliers of each ofthese materials for specific safe handlingrecommendations. Companion bulletins,DOW EPOXY RESINS Product Stewardship,Safe Handling and Storage Manual(Form No. 296-00312) and DOW EpoxyCuring Agents Product Stewardship, Safe Handling and Storage Manual (Form No. 296-01331), are available from theDow Plastics (Thermoset Applications)Department or your Dow sales representative. 1966, 1969, 1976, 1988, 1990, 1998, 1999 The Dow Chemical CompanyAll rights * liquid EPOXY RESINS , developedand marketed by The Dow ChemicalCompany, are commercially establishedas major raw materials in the fields oftooling, encapsulation, adhesives, lami-nates, and commercial success has beenearned by the families of solidand solution EPOXY RESINS , flexibleepoxy RESINS , brominated EPOXY RESINS , * EPOXY novolac RESINS , * EPOXY curing agents .. alsoproduced and marketed by Dow.

4 And since these products are used withvarious curing agents, diluents, andmodifiers, an almost unlimited range andvariety of properties may be bulletin describes the bisphenol A-based liquid EPOXY RESINS and aliphaticglycol EPOXY RESINS offered by on other DOW EPOXY andepoxy-related products may beobtained from your Dow sales repre-sentative or by calling curing of a liquid EPOXY resin , converting it to a thermoset solid is fundamental to its commercialuse. This is also true of EPOXY , poly-ester, phenolic, and melamine , liquid EPOXY RESINS , becauseof their structure and the method oftheir cure, are superior to these otherresins in the following properties: No volatile lossduring cure of product. Dimensional stability exhibit little shrinkageand can be used for ver y accurate reproduction. Chemical resistance. Good resistance to a variety of chemicals(including solvents, acids, and bases)results with properly cured formulations.

5 Chemical inertness. They accept awide range of fillers and pigments;they do not affect encapsulated partsor common containers. Durability. Cured formulationsexhibit good hardness, impactstrength, and toughness. Adhesion. The tenacity of epoxyadhesion to almost any surface is without equal among organic coatings. Versatility in curing agent choiceand curing , bisphenol A/epichlorohydrinbased RESINS , novolac based epoxyresins, and other di- or multifunctionalresins containing the aromatic ringstructure will cure to hard, rigid com-positions having rather low impact andelongation characteristics. There aremany approaches to improving theseproperties and increasing flexibility inepoxy resin systems. Among them aremodifications with vegetable oils,polyamide or polysulfide curing agents,or long chain polyglycols. However,such modifiers often adversely affectthe physical, chemical, or solvent resis-tance properties of an EPOXY system, orthey limit the choice of curing agentsand thus limit use in many 732 and 736 flexibleepoxy RESINS are designed to overcomemany of the specific disadvantages ofthese other flexibilizing systems.

6 Theyare compatible with practically all otherepoxy RESINS and are shelf stable aftermixing. Because they are true epoxyresins, they react with all EPOXY curingagents and become an integral part ofthe cured 1 on page 4 lists the typical properties of DOW liquid EPOXY RESINS ;Table 2 lists the typical properties of two liquid EPOXY RESINS that contain a reactive diluent (a C12-C14aliphatic glycidyl ether), which provides reducedviscosities. Each resin is brieflydescribed in the following 3 lists the typical properties oftwo flexible EPOXY : Prior to handling any of these RESINS ,or related curing agents, diluents, catalysts,or solvents, be certain you have acquiredfrom your supplier(s) adequate information pertaining to safe operations for your workersand your plant. Request Material Safety Data(MSD) sheets for each product from its supplier. See Hazards section, pages 39-42,and the bulletins mentioned in the note onthe inside of the front *Trademark of The Dow Chemical 317 EPOXY ResinA high viscosity, fast reacting (20% fasterthan 331) liquid EPOXY resindesigned for adhesive applicationsrequiring quick gelling with amine cur-ing 324 EPOXY ResinA formulated blend of 331 and aC12-C14aliphatic glycidyl ether to producea low viscosity product.

7 The product hasutility in filled formulations for flooringcompounds, grouts, adhesives,decoupage coatings, and high solidscoatings. Blend ratio is 83/17 331to 325 EPOXY ResinA medium viscosity resin blend of 92/8ratio of 331 to C12-C14aliphatic gly-cidyl ether. Used in same applications 330 EPOXY ResinA low epoxide equivalent weight liquidresin processed to give ver y low viscosi-ty without the use of a reactive 331 EPOXY ResinA general purpose, widely used liquidresin. It is recognized as a standard fromwhich variations have been 332 EPOXY ResinThe uniqueness of 332 epoxyresin is reflected in its maximum epox-ide equivalent weight of 178 (chemicallypure diglycidyl ether of bisphenol Awould have an epoxide equivalent weightof 170). Because of its high purity and3lack of polymer fractions, 332 resin provides uni-form performance and excep-tionally low viscosity andcolor. Under some conditions of cure, asillustrated in the cure schedule andproperty data (pages 18-33), it givesimproved elevated temperature 332 resin frequently cr ystallizesat room temperature.

8 The pure digly-cidyl ether of bisphenol A is a solid witha melting point of approximately 42 C(108 F). Cr ystallization may be inducedby chilling, seeding by dust particles, orincorporation of filler. Warming to 50-55 C (122-131 F) restores the resin to aliquid state. Long-term warm storagemay result in slight discoloration butdoes not affect resin 337 EPOXY ResinAn intermediate epoxide equivalentweight bisphenol A semi-solid epoxyresin. Used in adhesives and coatings oras a modifier for other EPOXY RESINS toimprove impact strength, extensibility,and 362 & 364 EPOXY ResinsMedium viscosity liquid EPOXY resinsbased on bisphenol A which possessesthe unique characteristic of cr ystalliza-tion resistance. 362 and contain no solvents, no diluents, andare suited for applications ranging fromcoatings to composites. 383 EPOXY ResinA liquid EPOXY resin designed to providereduced viscosity and extended pot lifewhile maintaining properties essentiallyequivalent to those of 331 732 & 736 EPOXY 732 and 736 are polygly-col di-epoxides.

9 Dow flexible epoxyresins are principally used as additivesto base EPOXY systems in formulationswhere greater elongation, higherimpact resistance, and increased flexi-bility are required. Note: Under certain conditions, liquid epoxyresins may crystallize. Crystallization may takethe form of turbidity or the presence of crystals inthe material or on the container. Occasionally,crystallization may continue to the point wheresolidification occurs. The occurrence of crystalliza-tion is in no way an indication that an EPOXY resinis contaminated or out of specification. Rather, itis a phenomenon which can occasionally occurduring storage at room temperature or that shows evidence of crystallizationcan be returned to its original liquid state byheating it to a temperature of approximately50 C (122 F). This temperature should bemaintained until dissolution occurs. Suggestionsfor heating include the use of a standard ventedlaboratory convection oven or steam.

10 If steam isused, it should be circulated around tightlyclosed containers which have been assembledunder a tarpaulin. (Note: Always exercise good safety habits when working with elevatedtemperatures. Also, for further informationand/or advice on dissolution procedures, call orwrite The Dow Chemical Company, Dow Plastics, Customer Information Group, Box 1206, Midland, MI 48641-1206, (1-800-441-4369), FAX is chiefly a result of the purityand uniformity of a liquid EPOXY resin. For example, pure diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA) is a solid. Factors that may encouragecrystallization include thermal cycling and thepresence of filler, which acts as seed material forcrystal formation. To discourage crystallization,store EPOXY RESINS at room temperature or , avoid situations where temperatures cyclefrom room temperature to lower temperatures,as is sometimes the case in a 3 ViscosityFlashSpecificWeightEpoxideRange Color, MaxPoint,Gravity, (Lbs/Gal)ResinEquiv.)