LaTeX Math Symbols

1 3/29/17, 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 1 of 9 ~cautis/ Math SymbolsThe following tables are extracted from The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX2e, aka. LaTeX2e in 90 minutes, by Tobias Oetiker, HubertPartl, Irene Hyna, and Elisabeth Schlegl. It can be located , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 2 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 3 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 4 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 5 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 6 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 7 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 8 of 9 ~cautis/ , 10*20 AMLaTeX Math SymbolsPage 9 of 9 ~cautis/ modified: Wed May 31 14:04:55 CDT 2000XY-pic User s GuideKristo er H.

2 Version , February 16, 1999 AbstractXY-pic is a package for typesetting graphs and diagramsusing Knuth s TEX typesetting system. XY-pic works withmost of the many formats available; , plain TEX, LaTeX , andAMS-TEX. Several styles of input for variousdiagram types are supported; they all share a mnemonicnotation based on thelogical composition of visual guide concentrates on how to typeset matrix-like diagrams, such as commutative diagrams,in the following style:Uy x%%(x,y)##X ZYq p//Xf Yg//Zwas typeset by the XY-pic input lines\xymatrix{U \ar@/_/[ddr]_y \ar@ \\& X \times_Z Y \ar[d]^q \ar[r]_p& X \ar[d]_f \\& Y \ar[r]^g & Z }Such diagrams have the following characteristics.

3 Specified as a matrix of entries that are automati-cally aligned in rows and columns. Any entry may be connected to any other en-try using a variety of arrow styles all rotated andstretched as required. Arrows may be decorated with labels that are tiedto a specified point along the arrow and extend ina particular direction; and arrows may be paired,cross, and visit/bend around other entries on theway. Several other styles of input are supported; a short surveyof the possibilities is included last at the end along withinformation on how XY-pic can be Loading.

4 Entries .. Arrows .. Labels .. Breaks .. Curving .. Speeding up typesetting .. 42 More Arrows and Explicit label positioning .. Labeling with any object .. More arrow styles .. Sliding arrows sideways .. More targets .. Changing the target .. Arrows passing under .. More bending arrows .. Defining new arrow types .. 83 More Manual entry formatting .. Extra entries outside the matrix .. Spacing and rotation.

5 Entry style .. Naming for later use as targets .. Grouping objects .. 104 Availability and Further Information Getting XY-pic .. Backwards compatibility .. Further reading .. Credits .. 13A Answers to all exercises13 References14 Index15 Laboratoire de l Informatique du Parall elisme, Ecole Normale Sup erieure de Lyon; 46, All ee d Italie; F 69364 Lyon 7, guide explains some features of XY-pic that arerelevant to typesetting of matrix-like diagrams asused in, for example, category theory; please refer tothe reference manual [8] for complete information onthe described constructions.

6 The guide assumes thatyou have some experience in using TEX for typeset-ting mathematics, , have studied [2, ch. 16 19], [3,sec. ], or [9], and that XY-pic is installed on yourTEX system as described in theINSTALL file accom-panying the first section describes what you need to getstarted, in particular all that is needed to typesetthe diagram in the abstract. Section 2 and 3 explainadvanced use of arrows and entries, respectively. Fi-nally, section 4 explains where and under what condi-tions XY-pic is available, gives the relation of to previous versions, and lists further sources we give exercises that you should beable to solve as you go along.

7 All exercises are an-swered at the end just prior to the references BasicsThis section explains the XY-diagram constructionconcepts needed to get started with typesettingmatrix-like LoadingThe XY-pic setup used in this guide is loaded by in-serting the lines\input xy\xyoption{all}in the definitions part of your you wishto load only the features you use, or you wish to usenon-standard facilities like thev2backwards compat-ibility mode2or thepsPostScript3backend thenthis is also possible as described in the reference man-ual [8].

8 EntriesA diagram is created by the command\xymatrix{..}where the .. should be replaced byentriesto bealigned inrowsandcolumnswhere entries in a row are separated by&,4and entire rows are separated by\\.For example,APmi=ni2 DccGGGGGGGGGwas typeset by\xymatrix{A &*+[F]{\sum_{i=n}^m {i^2}} \\& {\bullet} & D \ar[ul] }Notice the following: entries are typeset as mathematics (using textstyle ); entries should not start with a macro(as illustrated by the use of{}around\bullet. all entries are centered and the separation be-tween rows and columns is usually quite largein a diagram, empty entries at the end of rows may be omit-ted, XY-decorations (here\ar[ul]) in entries al-low drawing of arrows and such relative to theentries without changing the overall layout, and XY-modifiers (here*+[F]))

9 First in entries al-low changing the format and shape in ArrowsAn arrow in an XY-pic diagram is a generic termfor the drawn decorations between the entries of thebasic matrix structure. In XY-pic all arrows must bespecified along with the entry in which they start; thisis called theirbase entry. Each particular arrow com-mand then refers explicitly to itstarget entry. Thisis obtained using the\arcommand which acceptsmany options of which we will describe a few hereand some more in section 2. In its simplest form anarrow is entered as\ar[hop]wherehopis a sequenceof single letters:ufor up,dfor down,lfor left, andrfor right, , the arrow\ar[ur]reads typeset anarrow from the current entry to that one up and oneright.

10 1 LATEX2"[3] users can use\usepackage[all]{xy}.2If you use the version 2 loading command\input xypic(or thexypicdocument style option) then thev2option described insection will be loaded a registered Trademark of Adobe, Inc. [1].4 Thus when using XY-constructions involving&inside other tabular constructions then enclose the XY-pic construction in an extrapair of braces!2 Exercise 1:Which entry does[]refer to?The relative coordinates specified in this way arepurely logical, , if the diagram contains very wideentries then diagonal arrows will be nearly horizon-tal.