LIEUTENANT COLONEL JAMES R. WILSON United States Army

1 SDcreufatwt of Deem. ai nay if its ati Thda-czmmt may not be rdtm mr oren ptabiient untigit L~z bee dured by the approvitaite vtzm tury it~ mPREPARATION AND DEPLOYMENTOF A FORWARD-DEPLOYED, HEAVYAIR DEFENSE BATTALIONTO SOUTHWEST ASIAByLIEUTENANT COLONEL JAMES R. WILSON - United States ArmyDIS RIB TIO E L E C T EApproved for public is CLASS OF ARMY WAR COLLEGE, CARLISLE BARRACKS, PA CLASSiFICAflON Of. 7.,iS PAGEForm ApprovedREPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMa No. o7o04o-08la. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION lb. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGSU nclassified"a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. OISTRI8 UTIONIAVAILABILiTY OF REPORT2b.

2 DECLASSIFICATIONIDOWNGRAOING SCHEDULE4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S)6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6 .OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION(it applicable) Army War College6c. -A-DRESS (City, Slate, aria ZIP Coac) (Ciry,, State, ano, ZIP Cole)Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013-5050za. ' .') PONSORING 13b. 2 1C;IE S'"MBOL 9 .;RCC`JRIEVENT :c%71 : r (A7:ON NUMBERic. ,,)RESS (City, zarte. ano ZiP Coae) :0 )OURCE OF PUjNQING NUNMIR-SPROGRAM ' ,ROjEC' TASK WOFRK UNITELEMENT NO. NO. "O, ACCESSION NO7 ,iE tIf{ncluOe Security CiassdicatlonhPreparation and Deployment of a Forward-Deployed, Heavy, Air Defense Battalion to SouthwestAsia'2.}

3 PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) LIEUTENANT COLONEL JAMES R. Wilson13a- tYPE OF REPORT 1 3b- TIME COVERED 114. CATE OF REPCRT (1e5(,Mcnii. Oay) 1I5. PAGE COUNTI ndividual FROM 0 _, 715 April 1993 58'6- SUPPLEMENTARY 'iOTATNON-CSANI CODES 8. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary mna ,aentsfy bv block numoer)ELO ,5 POuP SUB-GROuP'9 , 8iTRACT iCctnur',e on reverse it necessary man, ioentily by o/ocx number)Preparation for deployment of the 6th Battalion, 3rd Air Defense Artillery began with thechange of command on 6 July 1990. Several fundamental changes in the leadership, training,maintenance, logistics, and care of soldiers and families helped prepare the battalion for thenotification to deploy which occurred on the 9th of November.

4 Retraining of leaders andsoldiers was required to overcome non-doctrinal air defense support of the 1st ArmoredDivision. The battalion was organized back to its correct TOE organization to eliminateassociated problems in the areas of personnel accountability and assignment, maintenanceadministration and readiness, and training deficiencies. These changes were instrumental inreestablishing credible relationships within the division and integration of the air defenseunits into the combined arms teams. The subsequent deployment of the battalion was success-fully executed. Leaders and soldiers were well-prepared, well-led, and well-trained to fulfillthe air defense missions required during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm.

5 Airdefense doctrine and tactics were validated. Lessons learned will serve as valuable tools,20. DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION" 0 SAME AS RPT 7 OTIC USERS -" a. : AME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIOUAL 22b. TELEPHONE (Include Are, Code)l 22 c. OFFICE SYMBOLNEAL J. DELISANTI, COL, AD (717) 2,45-4016 _AWCACDO Form 1473, JUN 86 Previous editorts are ousolete. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEU nclassifiedBlock 19. ABSTRACT (Cont.)facilitating future deployments and helping shape organization and modernization ofequipment for the air defense battalion organic to the armored MILITARY STUDIES PROGRAM PAPERThe vlevs expressed in thia paper are those of theauthor and do not necessarily reflect the vievs ofthe Department of Defense or any of its document may not be released for open publicationuntil it has been cleared by the appropriate militaryservice or sovernment AND DEPLOYMENT OF A FORWARD-DEPLOYED,HEAVY, AIR DEFENSE BATTALION TO SOUTHWEST ASIAAN INDIVIDUAL STUDY PROJECTbyLieutenant COLONEL JAMES R.

6 WilsonUnited States ArmyColonel Neal DelisantiProject AdviserDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for publicrelease; distribution is Army War CollegeCarlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania 17013 ABSTRACTAUTHOR:- JAMES R. WILSON , LTC, USATITLE: Preparation and Deployment of a Forward-Deployed, Heavy, AirDefense Battalion to Southwest AsiaFORMAT: Individual Study Project (Personal Experience Monograph)DATE: 15 April 1993 PAGES: 58 CLASSIFICATION: UnclassifiedPreparation for deployment of the 6th Battalion, 3rd Air Defense Artillery beganwith the change of command on 6 July 1990. Several fundamental changes in theleadership, training, maintenance, logistics, and care of soldiers and families helpedprepare the battalion for the notification to deploy which occurred on the 9th ofNovember.

7 Retraining of leaders and soldiers was required to overcome non-doctrinalair defense support of the 1st Armored Division. The battalion was organized back toits correct TOE organization to eliminate associated problems in the areas ofpersonnel accountability and assignment, maintenance administration and readiness,and training deficiencies. These changes were instrumental in reestablishing crediblerelationships within the division and iniegration of the air defense units into thecombined arms teams. The subsequent deployment of the battalion was successfullyexecuted. Leaders and soldiers were well-prepared, well-led, and well-trained to fulfillthe air defense missions required during Operations Desert Shield and Desert defense doctrine and tactics were validated.

8 Lessons learned will serve asvaluable tools, facilitating future deployments and helping shape organization andmodernization of equipment for the air defense battalion organic to the armoreddivision. Accesion ForNTIS CRA&IDTIC TABU nannounced .]Justification .. IAvailability Codesi Avail and / orSDist Speciali ' t ,. deployment of the 6th "Hotshot" Battalion, 3rd Air Defense Artillery, 1stArmored Division, from a forward-deployed status is the focus of this paper. TheHotshot Battalion deployment was unique for several reasons which will be discussedthroughout the following chapters: Chapter 1: Introduction, Chapter 2: 3: Training.

9 Chapter 4: Maintenance, Chapter 5: Caring, Chapter 6: AirDefense Issues, and Chapter 7: paper is not intended to be all encompassing. Details of the mostimportant issues will be discussed to capture experiences gained from this historicalevent. These experiences provide lessons learned for future deployments. Themajority of the information contained in this paper originates from information capturedin journals, daily logs, and after-action reports by the battalion's leaders and of divisional air defense doctrine are addressed throughout applicablesections of the paper. The majority of the paper will be organized in a narrative of theexperience followed, where applicable, by a statement of doctrine compared orcontrasted with the lessons learned from the experience.

10 Finally, recommendationsfor change or verification of the validity of existing doctrine will be deployment to Southwest Asia of the 6th Battalion, 3rd Air Defense Artillerywas its last major operation. Designated as one of the units to be reduced from theforce structure because of the draw down of conventional forces from Europe, thecolors of the battalion were cased in a ceremony at O'brien Barracks, Schwabach,Germany, on the 15th of November, 1991. Two new combat streamers were added tothe colors acknowledging the sacrifices and courage of the battalion's soldiers andfamilies during Operations Desert Shield and Desert ] "Mother of All Experiences" began rather auspiciously for soldiers andfamilies of the 6th Battalion, 3rd Air Defense Arti!