Major Histocompatibility Complex 2016 ... - …

1 Major Histocompatibility Complex 2016; 23 (3): 168 184. 28 HLA . 28 HLA . 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) . 1) 6) 7) 8).. 1).. 2).. 3).. 4). HLA . 5).. 6).. 7).. 8).. HLA . 11 25 . 28 10 22 . 1 4 .. 61 .. 44 . 6 1 10 . 11 5 . HLA . 60 3 27 3 5. 9 5 10 19 5 .. 50 .. 28 .. 8 28 40% .. 27 . 49 . 168. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). 28 HLA .. 40% 20 5 20% 5 . 40% .. 1 MHC II a e . a . b . c . d . e . a e, b, c . MHC II .. 2 MHC I a e . a b, e . 169. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . 3 1980 3 a e . 1 Snell 2 J. Dausset 3 B. Benacerraf 4 van Rood 5 B. Amos a 1, 2, 3 b 2, 3, 4 c 1, 2, 4 d 2, 4, 5 e 3, 4, 5. a c, b . 26 3 1980 MHC . GD Snell J Dausset B. Benaceraf 3 Snell . H-2 J. Dauseet . HLA B. Benacerraf .. Ir van Rood HLA B. Amos HLA .. 4 HLA-A2 a e . a HLA-A*02:01 . b HLA-A*02:02 . c HLA-A*02:03.

2 D HLA-A*02:04 . e HLA-A*02:06 . a b, c .. 5 a e . a 2 . b 1 . c 1 . d . e DNA . 170. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). e c . 6 a e . a DNA . b 4 . c . d . e 2 . c d, b . DNA . 2 2. 1 1 . 7 MHC a e . a H-2. b RT. c BoLA. d Mamu e Cpz e d, c, b . MHC ChLA . 8 HLA a e . a WHO . b WHO . c WHO . d WHO . e 6 . d b . 9 HLA a e . a HLA I HLA-C . b HLA II . c HLA I 1 . 171. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . d HLA II 3 . e HLA II . b d . 10 HLA a e . a I II . b I II . c B I II . d I . e 2 II . c b . 11 HLA I a e . a 2 . b . c 9 11 . d . e CD8 . a e . 12 HLA a e . a HLA-E. b HLA-C. c MIC-C. d TNF-A. e PSMB9. c d, e . 13 MIC a e . a MIC-A MIC-B . b MIC HLA II . c MIC . d MIC-B 2 . 172. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). e MIC-A, MIC-B NK . c d, b . MIC-A MIC-B MIC HLA I . 2 MIC-A MIC-B NK NKG2D.. 14 II a e.

3 A GABBR1 . b PSMB9 . c C2 . d TNF . e TAPBP TAP . b d, e . GABBR1 I C2 TNF III TAPBP . II II PSMB9 PSMB9 . TAP1 PSMB8 TAP2 . 15 HLA I a e . 1 T . 2 HLA I . 3 HLA I T . 4 HLA I T T . 5 HLA I . a 1, 2 b 1, 3 c 2, 3 d 3, 4 e 4, 5. d c, e . 16 HLA-DRB a e . a DR1, DR8, DR10 DR51 . b DR2 (DR15, DR16) DRB 2 . c DR3, DR5, DR6 DR52 . d DR4, DR7, DR9 DRB 1 . e DR 1 . d e, b . 173. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . 17 HLA II class II-associated invariant chain peptide CLIP endosome/. lysosome CLIP CLIP . a e . a HLA-E. b HLA-DM. c HLA-DP. d LMP . e TAP . b e, d . HLA-DM endosome/lysosome II CLIP II . HLA-E HLA HLA I . NK NKG2A/CD94 HLA-DP II . LMP PSMB8 PSMB9 TAP . TAP1 TAP2 . 18 HLA a e . a HLA-A HLA-B T HLA-C T .. b TAP HLA II MIIC II .. c HLA-DO HLA-DM . d MICA/MICB T . e HLA-C NK NKG2A.

4 D e, b . HLA-C HLA-A HLA-B TAP . HLA-DO HLA-DM endosome/lysosome HLA II . HLA-DO HLA-DM HLA-C NK . KIR . 19 NK a e . a . b . c . d . e ADCC . c 174. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). e . 20 a e . a T . b . c . d T . e T . a e . T T . T a . 21 T T a e . 1 T MHC . 2 T MHC . 3 T MHC . 4 1 T T . 5 T T . a 1, 2 b 1, 5 c 2, 3 d 3, 4 e 4, 5. a c . 22 MHC T T . a e . a . b . c T . d T . e T . d c, e . somatic recombination B T . T T MHC. B . T . T . T . 175. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . 23 MHC a e . 1 MHC T .. 2 . 3 MHC . T . 4 NK MHC I . 5 MHC . a 1, 5 b 2, 4 c 1, 3 d 2, 3 e 3, 5. c d . 24 MHC I . a e . a . b . c T . d B . e NK . e a, b . 25 a e . 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . a 1, 2, 3 b 1, 2, 4 c 3, 4, 5 d 1, 3, 5 e 1, 3, 4. e d, b .. 26 a e . a . b . c 20% . 176. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3).

5 D 1 . e . e c . 27 30 .. a e . a . b . c .. d . e . d a . 28 .. a . b . c . d . e . b c .. 29 a e . 1 HLA HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 3 . 2 HLA-C GVHD . 3 HLA-DPB1 . 4 HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 . 5 GVHD . a 1, 2 b 1, 4 c 2, 4 d 3, 4 e 4, 5. d 177. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . e, c .. A, B, DR 3 6 1 . 2 . 2 HLA . HLA-C . GVHD T. GVLD HLA . GVHD HLA .. 30 GVHD a e . a B HLA . b 15 50 Gray . c 1 2 I II . d HLA . e HLA . b d . 31 a e . 1 PTR HPA HLA . 2 HLA HLA . 3 HLA ABO A B . 4 HLA I HLA II . 5 HLA HLA . a. 1, 2, 3 b. 1, 2, 5 c. 1, 4, 5 d. 2, 3, 4 e. 3, 4, 5. d e, b . 32 HLA a e . a HLA-B*52. b HLA-DRB1*04:05. c HLA-DRB1*15:01. d HLA-DRB1*04:06. e B HLA-DRB1*09:01. e a, c . 178. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). 33 HLA a e . 1 HLA-B*27 . 2 DRB1*15:01 . 3 1 DRB1*03:01 . 4 B*51:01 . 5 DRB1*04:05.

6 A 1, 2 b 1, 3 c 2, 3 d 3, 4 e 4, 5. d a, e . HLA-B*27 DRB1*15:01 . DRB1*04:01 DRB1*01:01 4 .. 34 HFE a e . a . b . c . d . e . d a . 35 a e . a . b HLA . c . d Hardy-Weinberg . e Rh0(D) . e b, c . 36 a e . a 1980 . b 2014 24 1 . c ES . d HLA . e . 179. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . b c . 1978 . ES .. HLA .. 37 HLA HLA . a e . a 8 4 . b . c . d null . e phase ambiguity . c b, d, e . HLA NGS . NGS Sanger . depth . 100 depth NGS . Sanger .. 38 a e 1 .. a . b . c . d . e . e c, d .. 39 1 PCR a e .. 1 . 180. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . a 1, 2 b 1, 4 c 2, 4 d 3, 4 e 4, 5. e b, c . 40 LCT HLA a e . 1 HLA I . 2 T HLA I . 3 B HLA II . 4 HLA I II . 5 HLA II . a 1, 2 b 2, 3 c 3, 4 d 4, 5 e 1, 5. b a . 41 a e . 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 CD8 B . 5 . a 1, 2 b 2, 4 c 3, 4 d 3, 5 e 1, 5.

7 E d . 42 LCT a e . a HLA I II HLA I . b HLA II HLA I . c IgM HLA . d HLA A B . e AHG-LCT LCT . b e . HLA I II . 181. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . IgM LCT HLA . A B AHG-LCT IgM . LCT LCT HLA . 43 a e . 1 HLA HLA . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . a 1, 2, 3 b 1, 2, 4 c 1, 3, 4 d 2, 3, 4 e 3, 4, 5. b d, c . 44 MLR a e . a T . b NK . c CD4 T . d MLR . e HLA I . b e . MLR MHC HLA II CD4 T T . II . 45 DNA a e . a PCR-SSP . b PCR-SSO DNA . c PCR-RFLP . d PCR-SSCP . e PCR-SBT PCR . c a . 46 a e . a HLA-DR HLA-DRA . b HLA-DR15 HLA-DRB1*15:01 . c HLA-B*15:26N HLA B15N . 182. 28 HLA MHC 2016; 23 (3). d HLA-DR52 HLA-DRB4 . e HLA-DQ HLA-DQA1 . e b . 47 HLA a e . a A*02:03 A203 . b A210 . c A24 A9 . d B*39:01 B39 . e B*40:02 B60 . e e, b, c . HLA-A*02:03 A*02:10 A203 A210 A23 . A24 A9 B*39:01 B39 B*40:02 B61.

8 B. 48 a e . a SNP . b Y . c Insertion-deletion . d Variable number of tandem report . e . b a . 49 a e . a T B . b CD3 T . c IgG1 . d IgG4 . e CD19 B . d e, b, c . 50 . a e . 183. MHC 2016; 23 (3) 28 HLA . a . b . c . d . e . d b, c . 2 . 2 .. 184.