Manning Reserve Component Units for …

1 A National Security Affairs Paperpublished on occasion byTHE INSTITUTE OFL AND WARFAREASSOCIATION OF TH EUNITED STATES ARMYA rlington, Vi rginiaNo. 74 SEPTEMBER 2009 Manning Reserve Component Units for Mobilization: Army and Air Force PracticeDennis P. ChapmanThe Institute of Land Warfareassociation of the United states armyManning Reserve Component Units for Mobilization:Army and Air Force PracticebyDennis P. ChapmaniiAN INSTITUTE OF LAND WARFARE PAPERthe purpose of the institute of Land Warfare is to extend the educational work of aUsa by sponsoring scholarly publications, to include books, monographs and essays on key defense issues, as well as workshops and symposia. a work selected for publication as a Land Warfare paper represents research by the author which, in the opinion of iLW s editorial board, will contribute to a better understanding of a particular defense or national security issue.

2 Publication as an institute of Land Warfare paper does not indicate that the association of the United states army agrees with everything in the paper , but does suggest that the association believes the paper will stimulate the thinking of aUsa members and others concerned about important defense issues. inquiries regarding this and future Land Warfare Papers should be directed to: aUsa s institute of Land Warfare, attn: director, iLW Programs, 2425 Wilson Boulevard, arlington Va 22201, e-mail or telephone (direct dial) 703-907-2627 or (toll free) 1-800-336-4570, ext. paper represents the opinions of the author and should not be taken to represent the views of the department of the army, the department of defense, the United states government, the institute of Land Warfare, or the association of the United states army or its colonel dennis P.

3 Chapman is currently serving as chief, Personnel Policy and readiness division, national Guard Bureau (nGB). he previously served as an army War college military fellow assigned to the center for strategic and international studies, Washington, dc. he has several years experience in Reserve Component mobilization, having previously served as chief, mobilization Branch, nGB; as chief of the brigade combat team mobilization team at nGB; as assistant deputy for operations working mobilization reform issues with army national Guard Personnel Policy and readiness division; as deputy brigade S3 (operations officer) and brigade S3 for 2d Brigade, 75th Division (Training Support) where he coordinated training and mobilization support for army Reserve Component Units ; and as a force integration and readiness officer, Michigan Army National Guard (MIARNG).

4 Ltc chapman has served two combat deployments, including one to iraq as chief of the military transition team assigned to 3d Brigade, 4th iraqi division, and service in somalia during operation restore hope with 2d Battalion, 87th infantry, 10th mountain division. other assignments include service as assistant Professor of military science, michigan state University, and commander of a company, 3d Battalion, 126th infantry, miarnG. his other assignments with 3-126in included support Platoon Leader and Battalion logistics officer (S4). He began his career as an infantry lieutenant with 2d Battalion, 87th Infantry, 10th Mountain Division, serving as rifle platoon leader, company executive officer, support platoon leader, battalion S4, battalion S1 (personnel officer) and assistant 1990 graduate of the United states military academy, Ltc chapman also holds a Juris doctorate from thomas m.

5 Cooley Law school and is a member of the state Bar of michigan. his military education includes the Command and General Staff Officer Course ( Reserve Component ), Combined Arms and Services Staff School (RC), the Armor Officer Advanced Course (RC) and the Infantry Officer Basic WARFARE paper NO. 74, SEPTEMBER 2009 Manning Reserve Component Units for Mobilization:Army and Air Force Practiceby Dennis P. Chapman copyright 2009 bythe association of the United states armyall rights ..vintroduction ..1army mobilization requirements ..3the army Process ..3army force Generation ..3mobilization requirements the air force model ..5the air force mobilization and deployment Process at the service and Component Levels ..6the air force Reserve mobilization Process.

6 7the air national Guard mobilization Process ..7manning deploying Units ..8cross-Leveling ..8army national Guard cross-Leveling ..8recent developments: the in-theater coadas extension Program ..11cross-Leveling in the army Reserve ..11deployment Manning the air force Reserve components ..12deployment Process at the unit Level ..14 Pre-deployment training and Processing ..14replacement operations ..15 Background ..15the Pull replacement system army national Guard ..16the Push replacement system army national Guard ..16replacement operations in the army Reserve ..17replacement operations in the air force Reserve components ..18 Volunteers: active duty for operational support ..18the army Process ..18the marine corps Process ..19conclusion.

7 20endnotes ..21appendix a figures ..27appendix B Glossary ..43 ContentsivvForeword Gordon r. sullivan General, army retired President, association of the United states armyseptember 2009the extended combat operations that began following the terrorist attacks of 11 september 2001 and expanded with the invasion of iraq in march 2003 have had a far-reaching impact on the military in many ways, and nowhere is this more true than with the Reserve military services have been forced to improvise and adapt considerably in many areas since 9/11. one area where such adaptation has in some cases taken the services far from the doctrine and tactics, techniques and procedures in place prior to 9/11 is unit Manning .

8 Each of the services has developed its own service-specific approach to Manning mobilizing and deployed Reserve Component Units ; in the case of the army, at least, such innovation constitutes a major break from pre-9/11 doctrine. having been adopted in an ad hoc fashion over time, however, the Army s reforms in this area have not been codified or documented in any systematic paper attempts to shed light on the considerable evolution in Manning practices that has occurred in the last eight years by reviewing the mobilization Manning processes of two services in detail those of the Reserve components of the army and air force along with a brief look at certain aspects of the marine corps Reserve process as topics examined include army and air force processes for selecting Units for mobilization; cross-leveling to bring mobilized Units to full deployment strength.

9 Replacement operations aimed at keeping already-deployed Reserve Component Units fully manned; and procedures for bringing Reserve Component volunteers onto active duty for contingency Reserve Component Units for Mobilization:Army and Air Force PracticeIntroductionreserve Component (rc) soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines of the armed forces have mobilized and deployed in vast numbers since the attacks of 11 september 2001 (9/11). most of these servicemen and women have been ordered to active duty under Partial mobilization1 authority provided under the provisions of title 10, United states code section 12302 (10 Usc 12302), Ready Reserve , which provides at paragraph (a) that in time of national emergency declared by the President after January 1, 1953, or when otherwise authorized by law, an authority designated by the secretary concerned may, without the consent of the persons concerned, order any unit , and any member not assigned to a unit organized to serve as a unit , in the ready Reserve under the jurisdiction of that secretary to active duty for not more than 24 consecutive months [emphasis added].

10 2the law further seeks to ensure equitable distribution of the mobilization burden by providing that consideration shall be given to the length and nature of previous service, to assure such sharing of exposure to hazards (1) as the national security and military requirements will reasonably allow; family responsibilities; and (2) employment necessary to maintain the national health, safety, or interest. (3) 3 additionally, many Reserve Component members have served voluntarily under the provisions of title 10, United states code section 12301 (10 Usc 12301), Reserve Components Generally, section (d), which provides that at any time, an authority designated by the secretary concerned may order a member of a Reserve Component under his jurisdiction to active duty, or retain him on active duty, with the consent of that member.