Mathematics Entry 3 Calculating with everyday measures ...

1 Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). introduction A calculation is the maths you do in order to work out the answer(s) to a problem. The examples below are measure problems that you can solve by doing a calculation. You will look at them in detail on pages 3 and 7. This activity looks at how to work with problems that involve everyday measures of time and temperature. If you want to practise working with money or everyday measures of weight, length and capacity, ask your tutor for suitable resources. You will learn how to: solve maths problems in a step-by-step way calculate with temperature calculate with time. You can use a calculator. Read the introduction and the learn how to' examples carefully before you try the practice questions. Use the problem solving tips on page 2 to help you complete the practice questions. Write down all your working out. If you do not have enough space to do this, ask for extra paper.

2 You should show evidence that you have checked your work in your working out. You can then give this to your tutor if you're not sure about your answers. When you have finished, check your answers with the ones provided on pages 12 and 13. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 1. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Learn how to solve problems Problem-solving is a step-by-step process. It is important that you read a problem carefully and plan your work before you start doing any maths. The tips below will help you do this. Keep this sheet to help you work through the tasks on the following pages. Problem-solving Tips Work through this list using any tips that you find helpful. Read the problem carefully. What do you need to find out?

3 Highlight key words and numbers. Cross out information you don't need. Will a sketch or plan help you work out what to do? Are you going to add, subtract, multiply or divide? Write down your calculation. Estimate the answer (unless it is a very easy sum). Work out the answer. (You can use a calculator.). Check your answer. (You can use a calculator again, or pen and pencil.). Is your answer sensible? How does it compare with your estimate? Do you need to do more calculations? If so, work through the tips again. Write down your answer in a short sentence. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 2. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Look at this problem. Now look at the picture and note how some of the problem- solving tips on page 2 are used.

4 Katya is on holiday in Spain. At 7 the temperature is 16 C. At noon it is 25 C, and by 3 it is 32 C. How much did the temperature rise between 7 and 3 n What you need to find out. o Key words and numbers p The numbers you need are 16 and 32. q You need to find the difference between these two numbers. This is a subtraction. r 32 16 = 16. s Check your working out by doing 16 + 16 = 32 9. (This is known as a reverse calculation.). t Answer: Between 7 and 3 the temperature rose by 16 C. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 3. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Practice 1. Use some of the tips on page 2 to help you solve this problem. Katya's car is being fixed. She decides to take the bus to visit her mother who lives 6 miles away. The bus stop is a 7-minute walk from Katya's house and she wants to get to the stop 5 minutes before the bus is due.

5 The journey takes 24 minutes and then it's a 4- minute walk to her mum's house. Katya leaves her house at 3 What time will she get to her mum's? a. Highlight what you need to find out. b. Circle the numbers that you will need for your calculation. c. Cross out information that you don't need. d. Write down the calculation you are going to do. e. Calculate the answer. f. Show here how you checked your answer. g. Is your answer sensible? h. Do you have to do anything else before you can answer the complete problem? i. Complete the sentence below. Katya's journey (house to house) will take _____ minutes. She will get to her mum's house at _____. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 4. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Learn how to calculate with temperature Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (sometimes called centigrade) or degrees Fahrenheit.

6 This symbol is used to show degrees, C is used to show Celsius and F to show Fahrenheit. The Celsius scale is normally used in the UK. Water freezes at 0 C and boils at 100 C. A fridge is kept at about 5 C and on a hot sunny day the temperature could be about 25 C or higher. Look at the example problems. Notice how the examples use some of the tips on page 2 to break the problems down into steps. Example A. When Katya returns home from Spain she looks in Temperatures around the world the newspaper to compare the temperatures in major world cities. C F. How much colder is it in Buenos Aires than in Beijing 29 84. Dubai? Give your answer in degrees Celsius. n The numbers you need are 7 and 44. Buenos Aires 7 45. o You need to find the difference between these Dubai 44 111. two numbers. This is a subtraction. Dublin 15 59. p 44 7 = 37 (Check by doing 37 + 7 = 44 9). London 23 73. q Answer: The temperature in Buenos Aires is 37 C lower than that in Dubai. Madrid 32 90.

7 Vancouver 18 64. Example B. To see another example look back at page 3. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 5. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Practice 2. Read the examples on pages 3 and 5, and use some of the tips on page 2 to help you solve these problems. a. Tom has a new fridge with a digital thermometer display. The instructions say to turn the fridge on but leave it empty until it is at 4 C. When Tom plugs in the fridge the display shows 18 C. How much does the temperature have to drop before Tom can use his fridge? Use the world temperature chart to help you answer questions b and c. b. How much warmer is it in Madrid than London? Give your answer in C. Temperatures around the world C F. Beijing 29 84. Buenos Aires 7 45.

8 Dubai 44 111. Dublin 15 59. c. How many cities are colder than London? London 23 73. Madrid 32 90. Vancouver 18 64. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 6. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Learn how to calculate with time We can measure time in many different units. The table below lists the most common units. Units of time s (second) day min (minute) week hr (hour) month year When you are Calculating with units of time, make sure that all the measurements you are working with are in the same units. Look at the example problems. Notice how the examples use some of the tips on page 2 to break the problems down into steps. Example A. Marcia is trying to reduce the cost of her mobile phone bill. In July she looks at the number of minutes she has used so far that year.

9 How many minutes has she used over the past 3 months? Month Minutes n The numbers you need are those for April, May and used June (these are the past three months'): January 132. 119, 140 and 136. February 112. o You need to find the total number of minutes. This is an addition calculation. March 128. p 119 + 140 + 136 = 395 (Check by adding up again in a April 119. different order: 140 + 119 + 136 = 395 9). May 140. q Answer: Marcia used a total 395 minutes in April, May and June. June 136. Suggest a reason why she did not go over her limit in 120 free minutes per month. February. 200 free texts per month. Answer: February is a short month of only 28 days! Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 7. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Example B.

10 Tom gets to Cherrywell Shopping Mall on a Wednesday morning and looks at his watch: How long does have to wait until the mall opens? Cherrywell Mall n The numbers you need are (on Tom's watch) and (the opening time on a Opening times Wednesday). Monday o You need to find the number of minutes between and The easiest way to do this is to Tuesday count forwards in five-minute intervals. Wednesday p Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday q Answer: Tom will have to wait 25 minutes until the shopping mall opens. Suggest a reason why the mall doesn't open until on a Wednesday. Answer: Perhaps they have staff training on a Wednesday morning. Functional Skills Entry 3 (Complete simple calculations involving money and measures ). Skills for Life MSS1 (Read, measure and record time); MSS1 (Read, measure and record temperature). copyright Tribal Education Ltd 2010 8. Mathematics Entry 3. Calculating with everyday measures (time, temperature). Practice 3. Read the examples on pages 7 and 8, and use some of the tips on page 2 to help you solve these problems.