MCP23016 16-Bit I2C I/O Expander - Microchip Technology

1 2007 Microchip Technology 1 MCP23016 Features 16-Bit remote bidirectional I/O port- 16 I/O pins default to 16 inputs Fast I2C bus clock frequency (0 - 400 kbits/s) Three hardware address pins allow use of up to eight devices High-current drive capability per I/O: 25 mA Open-drain interrupt output on input change Interrupt port capture register Internal Power-On Reset (POR) Polarity inversion register to configure the polarity of the input port data Compatible with most microcontrollers Available temperature range:- Industrial (I): -40 C to +85 CCMOS Technology Operating Supply Voltage: to Low standby currentPackages 28-pin PDIP, 300 mil; 28-pin SOIC, 300 mil 28-pin SSOP, 209 mil; 28-pin QFN, 6x6 mm Package TypesBlock 1234567891011121314282726252423222120191 8171615 PDIP, SOIC, 118 912 1314 MCP23016 MCP2301616 to to pulseRead pulseLow PassFilterInterruptLogicI2C BusControlAddressDecoderPower-onResetI/O PortDeserializerSerializer/ControlClockG enI2C BusInterface/ProtocolHandlerINTA0A1A2 SCLSDACLKINVDDVSSC onfigurationRegistersControl8-BitTPIARES 16-Bit I2C I/O ExpanderMCP23016DS20090C-page 2 2007 Microchip Technology : 2007 Microchip Technology OVERVIEWThe MCP23016 device provides 16-Bit , generalpurpose, parallel I/O expansion for I2C device includes high-current drive capability, lowsupply current and individual I/O configuration.

2 I/Oexpanders provide a simple solution when additionalI/Os are needed for ACPI, power switches, sensors,push buttons, LEDs and so MCP23016 consists of multiple 8-bit configurationregisters for input, output and polarity selection. Thesystem master can enable the I/Os as either inputs oroutputs by writing the I/O configuration bits. The datafor each input or output is kept in the correspondinginput or output register. The polarity of the read registercan be inverted with the polarity inversion register (seeSection , Input Polarity registers ). Allregisters can be read by the system open-drain interrupt output is activated when anyinput state differs from its corresponding input portregister state. This is used to indicate to the systemmaster that an input state has changed. The interruptcapture register captures port value at this time.

3 ThePower-on Reset sets the registers to their default val-ues and initializes the device state device inputs (A0 - A2) determine the I2 Caddress and allow up to eight I/O Expander devices toshare the same I2C DescriptionsTABLE 1-1:PINOUT DESCRIPTION Pin NamePDIP,SOIC,SSOPPin source inputTP107O Test Pin (This pin must be left floating) digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for digital input/output for GP0 SCL1411 ISTS erial clock inputSDA1512I/OSTS erial data I/OINT63 OODI nterrupt outputA01613 ISTA ddress input 1A11714 ISTA ddress input 2A21815 ISTA ddress input 3 VSS1, 8, 195, 16, 26P Ground reference for logic and I/O pinsVDD2017P Positive supply for logic and I/O pinsMCP23016DS20090C-page 4 2007 Microchip Technology Reset (POR)

4 The on-chip POR circuit holds the chip in RESET untilVDD has reached a high enough level to deactivate thePOR circuit ( , release RESET). A maximum risetime for VDD is specified in the electrical the device starts normal operation (exits theRESET condition), device operating parameters(voltage, frequency, temperature) must be met toensure proper Timer (PWRT)The Power-up Timer provides a 72 ms nominal time-out on power-up, keeping the device in RESET andallowing VDD to rise to an acceptable power-up time delay will vary from chip-to-chip dueto VDD, temperature and process variation. SeeTable 2-4 for details (TPWRT, parameter 3). GeneratorThe MCP23016 uses an external RC circuit todetermine the internal clock speed. The user mustconnect R and C to the MCP23016 , as shown inFigure 1-1:CLOCK CONFIGURATIONA 1 MHz (typ.)

5 Internal clock is needed for the device tofunction properly. The internal clock can be measuredon the TP pin. Recommended REXT and CEXT valuesare shown in Table Bus Interface/ Protocol HandlerThis block manages the functionality of the I2C businterface and protocol handling. The MCP23016supports the following commands:TABLE 1-3:COMMAND BYTE TO REGISTER DecoderThe last three LSb of the 7-bit address are user-defined(see Table 1-4). Three hardware pins (<A2:A0>) definethese 1-4:DEVICE ADDRESSI nternal ClockMCP23016 VDDREXTCEXTVSSCLKNote:Set IARES = 1 to measure the clockoutput on 1-2:RECOMMENDED k 33 pFCommand ByteResult0hAccess to GP01hAccess to GP12hAccess to OLAT03hAccess to OLAT14hAccess to IPOL05hAccess to IPOL16hAccess to IODIR07hAccess to IODIR18hAccess to INTCAP0 (Read-Only)9hAccess to INTCAP1 (Read-Only)AhAccess to IOCON0 BhAccess to IOCON10100A2A1A0 2007 Microchip Technology BlockThe register block contains the Configuration and Port registers , as shown in Table 1-5:REGISTER SUMMARYNameBit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value onPORPort 0000 Configuration xxxxIOCON0 IARES---- ---0 IOCON1 IARES---- ---0 Legend.

6 1 bit is set, 0 bit is cleared, x = unknown, = 6 2007 Microchip Technology PORT REGISTERSTwo registers provide access to the two GPIO ports: GP0 (provides access to data port GP0) GP1 (provides access to data port GP1)A read from this register provides status on pins ofthese ports. A write to these registers will modify theoutput latch registers (OLAT0, OLAT1) and data 1-1:GP0 - GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PORT REGISTER 0 REGISTER 1-2:GP1 - GENERAL PURPOSE I/O PORT REGISTER 1 R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0 7bit 0bit : Reflects the logic level on the = Logic 1 0 = Logic 0 Legend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknownR/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W -0 7bit 0bit : Reflects the logic level on the = Logic 1 0 = Logic 0 Legend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknown 2007 Microchip Technology LATCH REGISTERSTwo registers provide access to the two port outputlatches.

7 OLAT0 (provides access to the output latch for port GP0) OLAT1 (provides access to the output latch for port GP1)A read from these registers results in a read of the latchthat controls the output and not the actual port. A writeto these registers updates the output latch that controlsthe 1-3:OLAT0 - OUTPUT LATCH REGISTER 0 REGISTER 1-4: OLAT1 - OUTPUT LATCH REGISTER 1 R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0 7bit 0bit : Reflects the logic level on the output = Logic 1 0 = Logic 0 Legend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknownR/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W -0 7bit 0bit : Reflects the logic level on the output = Logic 1 0 = Logic 0 Legend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknownMCP23016DS20090C-page 8 2007 Microchip Technology POLARITY REGISTERST hese registers allow the user to configure the polarityof the input port data (GP0 and GP1).

8 If a bit in this reg-ister is set, the corresponding input port (GPn) data bitpolarity will be inverted. IPOL0 (controls the polarity of GP0) IPOL1 (controls the polarity of GP1)REGISTER 1-5:IPOL0 - INPUT POLARITY PORT REGISTER 0 REGISTER 1-6:IPOL1 - INPUT POLARITY PORT REGISTER 1 R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0 7bit 0bit : Controls the polarity inversion for the input pins1 = Corresponding GP0 bit is inverted0 = Corresponding GP0 bit is not invertedLegend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknownR/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W-0R/W -0 7bit 0bit : Controls the polarity inversion for the input pins1 = Corresponding GP1 bit is inverted0 = Corresponding GP1 bit is not invertedLegend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknown 2007 Microchip Technology DIRECTION REGISTERSTwo registers control the direction of data I/O: IODIR0 (controls GP0) IODIR1 (controls GP1)When a bit in these registers is set, the correspondingpin becomes an input.

9 Otherwise, it becomes anoutput. At Power-on Reset, the device ports areconfigured as 1-7:IODIR0 - I/O DIRECTION REGISTER 0 REGISTER 1-8:IODIR1 - I/O DIRECTION REGISTER 1 R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1 7bit 0bit : Controls the direction of data I/O1 = Input0 = OutputLegend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknownR/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W-1R/W -1 7bit 0bit : Controls the direction of data I/O1 = Input0 = OutputLegend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknownMCP23016DS20090C-page 10 2007 Microchip Technology CAPTURE REGISTERSTwo registers contain the value of the port thatgenerated the interrupt: INTCAP0 contains the value of GP0 at time of GP0 change interrupt INTCAP1 contains the value of GP1 at time of GP1 change interruptThese registers are read-only registers (A write tothese registers is ignored).

10 REGISTER 1-9:INTCAP0 - INTERRUPT CAPTURED VALUE FOR PORT REGISTER 0 REGISTER 1-10:INTCAP1 - INTERRUPT CAPTURED VALUE FOR PORT REGISTER 1 7bit 0bit : Reflects the logic level on the GP0 pins at the time of interrupt due to pin change1 = Logic 1 0 = Logic 0 Legend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is 7bit 0bit : Reflects the logic level on the GP1 pins at the time of interrupt due to pin change1 = Logic 1 0 = Logic 0 Legend:R = Readable bitW = Writable bitU = Unimplemented bit, read as 0 - n = Value at POR 1 = Bit is set 0 = Bit is clearedx = Bit is unknown 2007 Microchip Technology Expander CONTROL REGISTER IOCON0 controls the functionality of the MCP23016 . The IARES (Interrupt Activity Resolution) bit controlsthe sampling frequency of the GP port pins.