Measures to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings …

1 united nations office on Drugs and crime (UNODC) Measures to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings in Benin, nigeria and Togo September 2006 Disclaimer This Report has been reproduced without formal editing. The designations employed and presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the united nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

2 2 Table of Contents List of Executive Chapter 1 The UN Global Programme against Trafficking in Human Beings and the Project Measures to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings in Benin, nigeria and Togo 17 The Global Programme against Trafficking in Human Measures to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings in Benin, nigeria and Togo ..17 Aims and Objectives of the Data contained in this Layout of the Chapter 2 Defining the Problem and its Defining the Smuggling, Trafficking and Criminal Offences Linked to these Indicators of Child Theoretical Underpinnings: Factors Contributing to the Trafficking in Persons in West Migratory and Trafficking Patterns.

3 The Case of West Trafficking 31 Measuring the Summary and Chapter 3 Research Instruments, Methodology and Research Survey Selection of Research The Training Data Collection and Time Difficulties in Obtaining Data on Trafficking in Human Experiences and Problems Encountered in Data Collection by the Research Quality of 42 The total Summary and Chapter 4 The Nature of Trafficking in Human Beings in Benin, nigeria and The Family size and Recruitment Areas of 52 Criminals.

4 Individual Traffickers and Criminal 55 Total sample of Arrest and 59 Summary and Chapter 5 Legislative 67 Bilateral and Multilateral Bilateral Multilateral Regional International Initiatives and Summary and Chapter 6 Government, NGOs and International Responses to Governmental response to NGO Village Governmental NGO and IGO State Togo ..85 Governmental NGO and IGO Togo s Local / Village Summary and Chapter 7 Cooperation Within and Between Cooperation amongst government Coordination between NGOs and Government Togo.

5 94 International Legal agreements between Embassies as donors of anti- Trafficking Other forms of The united nations office on Drugs and crime : Measures to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings in Benin, nigeria and Summary and Chapter 8 Challenges and Recommendations for Improvements and Best Recommendations for good Recommendations for good practices (aimed at the following groups)..109 Togo ..110 Recommendations for good Summary and Chapter 9 Conclusions and A discrepancy between theory and practice: why is it not working?

6 116 References ..126 Appendix 1 Research Team Appendix 2 Country Maps of Benin, nigeria and Appendix 3 Additional Appendix 4 Research Conclusions and Recommendations from Roundtable Presentations in Benin, nigeria and 5 Acknowledgements Dr. Alexis A. Aronowitz designed the research instruments, supervised the work of the sub-contracted research teams and is the author of the final report. This report is based on the following individual studies: La Traite des tres Humains au Benin. The research was coordinated and the report written by Norbert Fanou-Ako, director of the non-governmental organization Enfants Solidaires d'Afrique et du Monde (ESAM) Measures to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings in Benin, nigeria and Togo, Final Report nigeria .

7 The research was coordinated and the report written by Professor Christiana Okojie, of Economics and Statistics, University of Benin, Benin City Le Ph nom ne de Trafic: Mod les, Tendances, Exp riences et R ponses au Togo. The research was coordinated and the report written by Professor and Researcher Anani Amenyedzi, Department of Anthropology and African Studies, University of Lom , Togo National Focal Points facilitated research and technical assistance coordination efforts in the three countries. The following people assisted in the implementation of this UNODC project in their respective countries: Mr.

8 Luc Olivier Guezo, Director of Civil and Penal Affairs, Ministry of Justice, Legislation and Human Rights, Benin. Mr. Yemi Akinseye-George, Special Assistant to the Minister of Justice and Honorable Attorney General of the Federation, Ministry of Justice, nigeria Professor Lambert Doss D'Almeida, Director of the Cabinet, Ministry of Justice, Togo Mr. Andrea Mancini, Associate Expert at the UNODC nigeria Country office , was instrumental in the coordination and communication efforts.

9 6 List of Abbreviations ABPF Association B ninoise pour la Promotion de la Famille (Benin Association for Family Promotion) AFJB Association des Femmes Juristes du B nin (Women Lawyers Association of Benin) AFVP Association fran aise des volontaires du progr s (French Association of Volunteers for Progress) Age FIB Agence pour le financement des initiatives de base (Agency for financing grass roots initiatives) AHIP Adolescent Health and Information Project AHUEFA Association Humanitaire pour l'Union et la Promotion du pouvoir pour les Femmes (Humanitarian Association for the Union and Promotion of Women s Empowerment) ALISEI Association for International Cooperation and Humanitarian Aid AS (ASI) Anti-Slavery (Anti-Slavery International)

10 ASPED Association pour la sauvegarde et la promotion de l ducation au service du d veloppement (Association for the protection and promotion of education for development) AU African Union (formerly Organization for African Unity) AWEG African Women s Empowerment Guild BCAT Bureau central de l assistance technique (Central Bureau for Technical Assistance) BICE Bureau International Catholique de l Enfance (International Catholic Child Bureau) BCNI National Central Bureau Interpol Benin BPM Brigade for the Protection of Minors CAEB Conseil des activit s ducatives du B nin (Benin Council for educational activities) CAJ Centre d Aide Juridique (Legal Aid Centre) CED Centre d ducation distance (Centre for correspondence school)