Med Surg Quick Notes - Simple Nursing

1 Med surg Quick Notes Page 2 of 638 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved. Table of Contents 1 Cardiology I Exam Notes .. 8 Cardiology Terms & Introduction .. 8 Pharmacology: Lipid Lowering 8 Clinical Medicine: Lipids .. 10 Pharmacology: Antihypertensives .. 13 Clinical Medicine: Hypertension .. 16 Pharmacology: Ischemic Heart Disease .. 18 Clinical Medicine: Ischemic Heart Disease .. 19 Pharmacology & Clinical Medicine: Heart Failure .. 24 Pharmacology & Clinical Medicine: Arrhythmias .. 30 Clinical Medicine: Cardiovascular Disease Prevention .. 31 2 Cardiology II Exam Notes .. 32 Valvular Heart Disease, Infective Endocarditis, and Rheumatic Fever .. 32 Vascular Disease .. 37 Myocardial and Pericardial Disease .. 41 Arrhythmias .. 44 3 Dermatology Exam Notes .. 46 Introduction to Dermatology .. 46 Common Bacterial Skin Infections .. 49 Fungal and Viral Infections of the Skin.

2 53 Contact 56 Common Inflammatory Dermatoses .. 58 Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Diseases .. 61 Acne .. 65 Warts .. 68 Hair and Nails .. 69 Human Ectoparasites .. 72 4 Emergency Medicine Exam Notes .. 75 Chest Pain Presentations & Cardiac Emergencies .. 75 Infectious Disease Emergencies .. 81 Respiratory Emergencies & Airway Management .. 90 Genitourinary Emergencies .. 95 Acute Abdomen .. 100 GI Bleed .. 103 Ocular Emergencies .. 107 Introduction to Point of Care Ultrasound .. 112 5 Emergency Medicine Exam II Notes .. 115 Burns .. 115 Neurological Emergencies & Head and Spine Trauma .. 119 Pediatric Emergencies .. 131 Shock .. 135 Orthopedic Emergencies .. 138 Med surg Quick Notes 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 638 Trauma Resuscitation .. 141 6 Endocrinology Exam Notes .. 144 Introduction .. 144 Diabetes Mellitus.

3 146 Diabetes Pharmacology: Oral Agents & Non-Insulin Injectables for Diabetes .. 150 Insulin Dosing .. 153 Thyroid .. 155 Pituitary Disorders .. 163 Adrenal Disorders .. 168 Disorders of Calcium 174 Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease .. 177 7 ENT Exam Notes .. 178 Primary Care Otolaryngology .. 178 Ophthalmology .. 191 Common Dental and Oral Mucosal Disorders .. 197 Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions .. 199 8 Gastroenterology Exam Notes .. 200 Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal 200 Diagnostic 201 Miscellaneous GI Complaints and Anorectal Disorders .. 206 Colon Cancer .. 209 GI Bleed .. 211 Liver Disease .. 213 Esophageal Disease .. 217 Pancreatic Disease .. 221 Biliary Diseases .. 224 Infectious Diarrhea .. 227 Inflammatory Bowel Disease .. 230 Irritable Bowel Syndrome .. 233 Peptic Ulcer Disease and Gastric Cancer .. 234 9 Gynecology Exam Notes .

4 237 Gynecologic Anatomy .. 237 Gynecologic Physiology .. 238 Hormone Studies .. 240 Gyn Procedures .. 243 Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Amenorrhea, and Dysmenorrhea .. 246 Sexually Transmitted Infections .. 248 Vulvar and Vaginal Disorders .. 255 Cervical Disorders .. 257 Gynecologic Pain Disorders and Sexual Dysfunction .. 259 Female Breast Disorders .. 261 Female Breast Cancer .. 265 Contraception .. 267 Hormone Therapy .. 271 Med surg Quick Notes Page 4 of 638 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved. Menopause .. 274 Uterine Disorders .. 276 Urinary Incontinence .. 278 Induced Abortion and Management of Early Pregnancy Loss .. 280 Ovarian Disorders .. 282 10 Hematology Exam Notes .. 285 Red Cell Disorders & Neutropenia .. 285 Hematologic Malignancies .. 294 Hemostasis: Platelets & Coagulation .. 300 Transfusion Medicine .. 307 11 Infectious Disease Unit Exam Notes .

5 309 Pathogens By Site of Infection .. 309 Antibiotics .. 309 Introduction: Principles of Infectious Disease .. 315 Prevention of Disease .. 328 12 Men s Health Exam Notes .. 330 Male Genitourinary Anatomy .. 330 H&P of Male Genitalia, Hernias, Lymphatics, Anus, Rectum, and Prostate .. 332 Miscellaneous Male Diagnostic Methods .. 334 Topics In Men s Health .. 334 Orchitis, Benign Scrotal Disease, and STIs .. 339 Male Cancers .. 342 13 Microbiology Exam Notes .. 345 Background & Classification .. 345 Viruses .. 345 Bacteria .. 347 Fungi: yeasts & molds .. 348 Parasites: protozoa & helminths .. 349 Respiratory Pathogens .. 350 Pathogens of Skin, Mucous Membranes, and Bone .. 356 Corynebacterium .. 358 Gastrointestinal Pathogens .. 362 Genitourinary Pathogens .. 367 Pathogens of Sterile Sites .. 370 Listeria monocytogenes .. 372 Systemic Febrile Syndromes .. 373 14 Nephrology Exam Notes .

6 377 Nephrology Tidbits .. 377 iagnostic Methods: Renal Chemistries, UA, Urine Cultures .. 378 Diagnostic Methods: Urinary Tract Imaging .. 381 Kidney Physiology .. 382 Salt and Water .. 387 Nephrolithiasis .. 392 Acute Renal 395 Med surg Quick Notes 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved. Page 5 of 638 Urinary Tract Infections .. 397 Glomerulopathies and Other Renal Diseases .. 399 Chronic Kidney Disease and Management of Potassium, Calcium, and Phosphorus .. 402 15 Neurology Exam Notes .. 408 Neuroanatomy Review .. 408 Approach to the Neurologic Patient and Diagnostic Methods .. 413 Neurogenetics .. 417 Movement Disorders .. 420 CNS Infections .. 424 Multiple Sclerosis .. 426 CNS 427 Motor Neuron Diseases, Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission, and Muscular Dystrophy .. 430 Epilepsy and Coma .. 435 Coma .. 441 Stroke .. 444 Headache.

7 447 Peripheral Neuropathies .. 453 16 Oncology Exam Notes .. 461 Imaging Studies in Oncology .. 461 Radiation Therapy .. 463 Chemotherapy .. 465 Introduction to Medical Oncology .. 468 Types of Solid Tumor Malignancies .. 476 17 Ortho Exam Notes .. 483 Introduction to Orthopedics .. 483 Cervical Spine .. 487 Common Shoulder Disorders .. 490 Elbow, Wrist, and Hand .. 493 Lumbar Spine .. 500 The Hip .. 504 The Knee .. 506 The Ankle .. 508 Pharmacology: Management of Musculoskeletal Pain .. 511 18 Pulmonology Exam Notes .. 514 Pulmonology H&P .. 514 Physiology Refresher .. 514 Common Pulmonary Symptoms .. 515 Pulmonary Imaging .. 516 Sputum Cultures .. 518 Tuberculin Skin Testing .. 518 Respiratory Tract Infections and Antibiotic Therapy .. 519 Pulmonary Function Testing & Sleep Studies .. 524 Obstructive Airway Disease and Pharmacologic Therapies .. 528 Interstitial Lung Disease/Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease.

8 533 Med surg Quick Notes Page 6 of 638 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved. Occupational Lung 537 Venous 539 Pulmonary Hypertension .. 541 Lung Cancer and Pleural Disease .. 542 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome .. 544 Cystic Fibrosis .. 545 19 Rheumatology Exam Notes .. 548 Introduction to Rheumatic 548 Common Rheumatological Lab Tests .. 550 Rheumatoid Arthritis .. 552 Infectious 557 The Spondyloarthropathies .. 558 Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies .. 561 Scleroderma .. 563 Crystal-Induced Arthritis .. 564 Sarcoidosis and Other Systemic Diseases with Rheumatic Manifestations .. 568 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus .. 571 SLE Treatment and Prognosis .. 573 Miscellaneous Rheumatic Diseases .. 574 Osteoarthritis .. 576 20 Surgery Exam I Notes .. 580 Intro to the OR .. 580 Casting .. 585 Sutures & Knots .. 586 Bandaging .. 590 Pre & Post-Op Considerations.

9 590 Shock & Transfusions .. 593 Gastrointestinal Surgery I .. 595 Gastointestinal Surgery II .. 599 Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Regulation .. 602 Venipuncture and IV s .. 606 Principles of Surgical 607 Surgical Nutrition .. 608 21 Surgery Exam II Notes .. 610 Peripheral Vascular Disease and Other Atherosclerosis .. 610 Suturing Techniques .. 613 Trauma and Care of the Acutely Injured Patient .. 614 Congenital Heart Disease .. 618 Acquired Heart Disease .. 620 Wound Healing, Sutures, and Wound Closures .. 626 Neurosurgery .. 629 Common Office Procedures .. 631 Chest Tube Placement .. 633 633 Med surg Quick Notes 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved. Page 7 of 638 Orthopedic Surgery .. 634 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer .. 635 Esophageal Cancer .. 636 Transplantation .. 637 Med surg Quick Notes Page 8 of 638 82% or Higher on Your Next Nursing Test 2013 All Rights Reserved.

10 1 Cardiology I Exam Notes Cardiology Terms & Introduction Preload: the 20% of blood remaining in the atria at end of diastole 80% of ventricular filling occurs before atrial kick increase preload by inspiration or valsalva Afterload: the volume of blood in the ventricles after atrial contraction Cardiac output: volume of blood ejected from ventricles in one minute; normally 5 L increased by increasing HR, contractility, or blood volume (or decreasing resistance) Stroke volume: volume of blood ejected with each heartbeat Myocardial contractility: ability of cardiac muscle to shorten with a given load ejection fraction: a quantification of contractility; EF = SV/EDV Starling s law: stroke volume increases as end diastolic volume increases due to greater stretch put on walls of ventricles Stenosis: narrowing to forward flow Regurgitation (insufficiency): backward leakage while valve should be closed Collaterals: normally nonfunctioning small vessels that interconnect coronary arteries function when blockage creates upstream pressure, forcing the collaterals open Heart sounds review o S3 in CHF o S4 in HTN Coronary vessel dominance: we want to identify which artery perfuses the posterior 1/3 of the interventricular septum: is it the right coronary artery or the left circumflex (or both)?