Transcription of ゲノム編集技術の概要と問題点 - mhlw.go.jp
1 WPI-IIIS TARA 6-1 29 12 ? ? 3 (ZFN, TALEN, crispr / cas9 ) CRISPPR/ cas9 ? ? 3 (ZFN, TALEN, crispr / cas9 ) CRISPPR/ cas9 : DNA : DNA :DNA 27 :27 DNA 1 : DNA 27 ? ? 3 (ZFN, TALEN, crispr / cas9 ) CRISPPR/ cas9 3 1. Zinc Finger Nuclease (ZFN)2. Transcription activator-like effector Nuclease (TALEN)3.
2 Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat ( crispr )zinc finger motif DNA sigma Zinc Finger Nuclease (ZFN) TALETALE ( ) DNATALE DNAT ranscription activator-like effector (TALE) TALEN crispr / cas9 clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats ( crispr ) crispr associated protein 9 ( cas9 ) - DNA DNA ( DNA) DNA DNAS treptococcus pyogenes DNA 1987 crispr / cas9 clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats ( crispr ) crispr associated protein 9 ( cas9 ) - DNA DNA ( DNA) DNAS treptococcus pyogenes direct repeats DNA Cas9crRNAtracrRNA(repeat ) 3 RNA- crispr / cas9 1. crispr RNA (crRNA)2.
3 Trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA)3. cas9 DNA DNA direct repeat 3 RNA- crispr / cas9 1. crispr RNA (crRNA)2. trans-activating crRNA (trancrRNA)3. cas9 crispr / cas9 Fuse (by artificial) crRNA + tracrRNA=guide RNA (gRNA)gRNAS cience. 2012 Aug 17;337(6096) A. DoudnaEmmanuelle DNA Target gRNA DNA ? ? 3 (ZFN, TALEN, crispr / cas9 ) CRISPPR/ cas9 Tg KO ( )KO ( ) DNA (ES ) DNA 1 ( ) ( )( ES ) KO) (Mizuno S.
4 And Sugiyama F. et al. Mammalian Genome. 2014) crispr / cas9 C57BL/6J DNA cas9 dead cas9 D10AD10AH840AH840 ANature Biotechnology 32, 347 355 (2014) DNA Cell. 2013 Jul 18;154(2) DNA HIV HIV T CCR5 T N. Engl. J. Med. 2014 PD-1 News in Nature. 2016) ZFN, TALEN, crispr / cas9 DNA 2 DNA NHEJ HDR NHEJ HDR DNA ?
5 ? 3 (ZFN, TALEN, crispr / cas9 ) CRISPPR/ cas9 DNA DNA RNA DNA DNA DNA DNA
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