MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT - unfccc.int

1 MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT . Romania's 7th National Communication under the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change December 2017. Romania's 7th National Communication on Climate Change MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT This report was prepared in collaboration with: Institute for Studies and Power Engineering Director Eng. Daniela Cristina Burnete Project manager (Eng). Claudia Eudora Tomescu Technical coordinator (Eng). Anca Popescu Approved by Eng. Irene Samoil . (Eng).Marian Dobrin Verified by (Eng).Valentin Rusu Eng. Gloria Popescu Elaborated by Eng. Oana Falup Eng. Iulia Bunda Eng. Cristina B l ceanu Mat. Mihaela B l nescu (Eng.) Irina Vod . Vasile Eng. Alexandra Ignat Eng. Florina Filip Eng. Irina Grigorovici National Meteorological Administration Mateescu Bojariu MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT Ing. Gherghi a Nicodim Ec. Maria F in . Ing. Evelina Dasc lu 2. Romania's 7th National Communication on Climate Change MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT Content: I.

2 SUMMARY .. 13. II. NATIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES .. 26. II. A. GOVERNMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE .. 26. II. B. POPULATION PROFILE .. 29. II. C. GEOGRAPHICAL PROFILE .. 30. II. C. 1. Geographical position .. 30. II. C. 2. Relief .. 32. II. C. 3. Black Sea .. 34. II. C. 4. Danube and Danube Delta .. 34. II. C. 5. Rivers .. 34. II. C. 6. Natural mineral resources .. 34. II. C. 7. Biodiversity .. 35. II. D. CLIMATE 35. II. D. 1. 35. II. D. 2. Precipitation .. 36. II. D. 3. Other observed phenomena .. 37. II. E. ECONOMIC PROFILE .. 41. II. F. ENERGY .. 44. Energy resources .. 47. Energy transmission infrastructure .. 52. II. G. TRANSPORT PROFILE .. 59. II. H. 66. II. I. WASTE .. 68. II. J. BUILDING STOCK AND URBAN 72. II. K. AGRICULTURE .. 77. II. L. LAND USE AND FORESTRY .. 79. Land use .. 79. Forestry .. 80. III. GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY INFORMATION, INCLUDING ON NATIONAL SYSTEM. AND NATIONAL 81.

3 III. A. SUMMARY TABLES .. 82. III. B. DESCRIPTIVE 82. III. B. 1. Overall GHG emissions trends .. 82. III. B. 2. Emissions/removals trends by gas .. 83. III. B. 3. Emissions/removals trends by sector .. 85. III. B. 4. Description and interpretation of emissions/ removals trends .. 86. III. C. NATIONAL SYSTEMS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 5, PARAGRAPH 1, OF THE KYOTO PROTOCOL .. 101. III. D. UNIC CONSOLIDATED REGISTRY .. 116. IV POLICIES AND MEASURES, INCLUDING THOSE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 2. OF THE KYOTO PROTOCOL AND DOMESTIC AND REGIONAL PROGRAMMES AND/OR. LEGISLATIVE ARRANGEMENTS AND ENFORCEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE. PROCEDURES .. 120. IV. A. POLICY MAKING PROCESS .. 120. IV. B. DOMESTIC AND REGIONAL PROGRAMMES AND/ OR LEGISLATIVE ARRANGEMENTS AND ENFORCEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES.. 122. IV. C. POLICIES AND MEASURES AND THEIR EFFECTS .. 123. Energy Sector .. 123. Industrial Processes and Product use sector.

4 128. Agriculture .. 129. Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry Sector (LULUCF) .. 132. IV. D. POLICIES AND MEASURES NO LONGER IN PLACE .. 158. V PROJECTIONS AND THE TOTAL EFFECTS OF POLICIES AND MEASURES, AND. SUPPLEMENTARY RELATING TO KYOTO PROTOCOL MECHANISM .. 159. 3. Romania's 7th National Communication on Climate Change MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT V. A. 159. Background and 159. Total GHG emission projections .. 160. Key Underlying Variables .. 178. Introduction .. 190. Methodology for the Energy sector .. 191. Methodology for GHG emission projections for Industrial Processes sector .. 211. Methodology for GHG emission projections for Agriculture sector .. 225. Methodology for creating carbon storage programs by the use of land, changing the destination of land and 230. Methodology for GHG emissions projection in the Waste sector .. 235. Sensitivity of underlying Assumption and Uncertainty.

5 239. VI. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT, CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION. MEASURES .. 242. VI. A. EXPECTED IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE .. 242. VI. A. 1 Observed changes in the climate regime in 242. VI. A. 2 Scenarios on the future climate change .. 245. VI. B. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT .. 246. VI. B. 1 Biodiversity .. 246. VI. B. 2 Agriculture .. 248. VI. B. 3 Water resources .. 250. VI. B. 4 Forests .. 251. VI. B. 5 Infrastructure, construction and urban planning .. 252. VI. B. 6 Tourism .. 252. VI. B. 7 Energy .. 253. VI. B. 8 Industry .. 253. VI. B. 9 Transport .. 254. VI. B. 10 Health .. 255. VI. Insurances .. 255. VI. Recreational activities .. 256. VI. C. ADAPTION MEASURES .. 256. VI. C. 1 Agriculture and rural development .. 256. Drinking Water and water 257. Human ENVIRONMENT (Infrastructure and Urban Planning) .. 257. Transport .. 257. Industry .. 257. Energy .. 258. Tourism and recreation.

6 258. 258. Biodiversity .. 258. Public Health and Response Services in Emergency Situations .. 259. Public Education and Awareness Raising .. 259. Insurance as an Instrument of Adjustment to climate change .. 259. VII. FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY .. 260. VIII. RESEARCH AND SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATIONS .. 261. VIII. A. GENERAL POLICY ON RESEARCH AND SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATION .. 261. VIII. B. RESEARCH .. 261. VIII. C. SYSTEMATIC 262. IX. EDUCATION, TRAINING AND PUBLIC AWARENESS .. 264. IX. A. EDUCATION .. 265. IX. B. TRAINING .. 267. IX. C. PUBLIC AWARENESS .. 269. BIBLIOGRAPHY .. 271. 4. Romania's 7th National Communication on Climate Change MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT LIST OF ANNEXES. Annex 1 Biennial Report 20 pg. Annex 2 Common Tabular Format (CTF) ..26 pg. Annex Summary table on emission trends 6 pg. Annex Summary of key categories in 2015, by tier 1, level and trend ..2 pg. Annex Reseach projects.

7 1 pg. Annex Information related to EU Registry Procedure* 1 pg. *. The informations are confidential and cannot be submitted by beneficiary. 5. Romania's 7th National Communication on Climate Change MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT LIST OF FIGURES. Figure I_ 1 Multiannual mean of in air temperature (in C, left panel) and of precipitation amount (in mm, right panel). for the interval 1961-2016 .. 15. Figure I_ 2 GHG data and national circumstances .. 16. Figure I_ 3 GHG gas source and sink categories .. 17. Figure I_ 4 Change from base (1989) to last reported year (2015) .. 17. Figure I_ 5 Evolution of GHG emissions in the period 21. Figure I_ 6 Multiannual monthly mean changes (2021-2050 vs. 1961-1990) in air temperatrure (in C, upper panel). and precipitation (in %, bottom panel) averaged over Romanian 22. Figure II_C_ 1 Physical map of Europe .. 31. Figure II_C_ 2 Political map of Europe .. 32. Figure II_C_ 3 Physical map of Romania showing the Carpathian Mountains.

8 33. Figure II_C_ 4 The main relief units of Romania .. 33. Figure II_D_ 1 Multiannual mean of air temperature (in 0C) for the interval 1961-2016 .. 36. Figure II_D_ 2 Multiannual mean of precipitation amount (in mm) for the interval 1961-2016 .. 37. Figure II_D_ 3 Evolutions of annual temperatures (in C, top) and precipitation amounts (in mm, bottom) for the interval 1901-2016.. 38. Figure II_D_ 4 The evolution of scorching heat intensity in Romania, 1961-2016 .. 39. Figure II_D_ 5 Intensity of scorching heat intensity in Romania, 39. Figure II_D_ 6 Agricultural surfaces in Romania affected by drought .. 40. Figure II_E_ 1 The GDP growth rate - 2000 2012 .. 42. Figure II_E_ 2 Romanian Annual Average Inflation Ratio and Exchange Rate for the period 2005 2011 .. 43. Figure II_E_ 3 GHG data and national circumstances .. 44. Figure II_F_ 1 Crude oil national pipeline system .. 52. Figure II_F_ 2 National Gas Transportation System.

9 54. Figure II_F_ 3 Romanian electricity Transmission Network .. 56. Figure II_F_ 4 Installed power capacity in Romania within 2000 2015 [MW] .. 57. Figure II_F_ 5 Evolution of electricity generation per types of power plants .. 58. Figure II_F_ 6 Evolution of electricity consumption per consumer's types .. 58. Figure II_G_ 1 Roads map of Romania .. 60. Figure II_G_ 2 Railways network map .. 61. Figure II_J_1 Number of dwellings .. 73. Figure II_J_ 2 Living floor in the dwellings .. 73. Figure II_J_ 3 Finished dwellings, by area .. 74. Figure II_J_ 4 Dwellings at the beginning of the year 2009 compared with year 2012, by area .. 74. Figure II_J_ 5 Number of localities with public transportation services .. 75. Figure II_J_ 6 Number of localities with drinking water supply installations .. 76. Figure II_J_ 7 Number of localities with public sewerage installations .. 76. Figure II_J_ 8 Number of localities with natural gas distribution network.

10 77. Figure III_B_ 1 Total GHG emissions in CO2 equivalent during 1989-2015 period .. 82. Figure III_B_ 2 Trends of the aggregated GHG 83. 6. Romania's 7th National Communication on Climate Change MINISTRY of ENVIRONMENT Figure III_B_ 3 Trends by gas (GHG emissions excluding/ including LULUCF) .. 84. Figure III_B_ 4 Trends by sector .. 85. Figure III_B_ 5 Sectoral GHG emissions in 2015 .. 86. Figure III_B_ 6 Overall emissions/ removals trend for Energy Sector .. 87. Figure III_B_ 7 Energy sub-sectors emission/ removals trend for the period 88. Figure III_B_ 8 Shares of GHG emission categories within the Energy sector, in 2015 .. 89. Figure III_B_ 9 Overall emissions trend for IPPU sector .. 90. Figure III_B_ 10 IPPU sub-sectors GHG emission trend for the period 1989-2015 .. 91. Figure III_B_ 11 Shares of GHG emission categories within the IPPU sector, in 93. Figure III_B_ 13 Share of gases within Agriculture Sector in 2015.