NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES

1 NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT GUIDELINESMANAGEMENT OF EARTHQUAKESA pril 2007 Produced by: Magnum Books Pvt Ltd, +91-98110 97054 NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITYGOVERNMENT OF INDIAI ndex PreviousNextiiIndex PreviousNextiNational DisasterManagement GuidelinesManagement of EarthquakesIndex PreviousNextiiIndex PreviousNextiiiNational DisasterManagement GuidelinesManagement of EarthquakesNational DISASTER MANAGEMENT AuthorityGovernment of IndiaIndex PreviousNextivIndex PreviousNextvVisionZero Tolerancetoavoidable deaths due to earthquakesMissionTo formulate GUIDELINES for the preparation of plans to reduceearthquake risk, and minimise the impact.

2 Loss of lives and damageto property caused by earthquakesIndex PreviousNextviIndex PreviousNextviiVision and Mission vTable of Contents viiForeword xiAcknowledgements xiiiAbbreviations xvGlossary of Terms xviiiList of Tables xxList of Figures xxExecutive Summary 1 1 The Context Risk and Vulnerability in India Housing Construction in Rural Areas Areas of Concern in Earthquake MANAGEMENT of Past Initiatives in Recent Initiative in Engineering Approach to Earthquake Framework for Earthquake Mechanisms for Implementation13 2 GUIDELINES An for Earthquake Earthquake Six Pillars of Earthquake Line for Implementation14 3 Earthquake-Resistant Designand Construction of New Need for Making All New Constructions and Milestones17 Table of ContentsIndex of Earthquake-Resistant Design and for Compliance of Seismic Safety of New Constructions18 4 Seismic Strengthening and Retrofittingof Lifeline and Priority for Seismic Strengthening of Existing of Safety Audit of Critical Lifeline Awareness Strengthening and Allocations for Carrying out Selective Retrofitting22 5 Regulation and Codes and Other Safety and Certification of Construction in Rural and Semi-Urban for Regulation and Enforcement28 6 Awareness and Drives for Specific Target MANAGEMENT for Awareness and Preparedness Activities31 7 Capacity Development (including Education,Training, R&D and Documentation)

3 Building of OF CONTENTSI ndex for Capacity Building (including Education,Training, R&D, and Documentation)37 Search and Command System (ICS) Based DISASTER of the Corporate Teams for Earthquake Medical for Response Activities41 9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT Plans Ministry and Department Plans of State of Nodal Agencies45 Contributions46 TABLE OF CONTENTSI ndex PreviousNextxIndex PreviousNextxiVice ChairmanNational DISASTER MANAGEMENT AuthorityGovernment of IndiaFOREWORDP reparation of GUIDELINES for various types of disasters forms an important part of the mandate ofthe NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT Authority (NDMA). Almost 59 percent of the landmass of India isprone to earthquakes and preparation in this regard constitutes an important part of our effort for bettermanagement of disasters in the Country.

4 For that reason, soon after being constituted, a series ofconsultations were initiated by the NDMA, with various stakeholder groups to formulate consultations included representatives of various central ministries and departments, scientificand technical institutions, academics, technocrats, architects and humanitarian organizations. The firstsuch meeting was held on 21 December 05. It reviewed the status of earthquake MANAGEMENT effortsthus far, identified gaps and set the framework for the approach. Thereafter, a Core Group was constitutedto prepare the GUIDELINES . Their work, which extended over six months, was reviewed by an ExtendedGroup during a number of deliberations. The GUIDELINES were finalized after two NATIONAL workshops atIIT Kanpur and IIT Mumbai and vetting by the ministries is evident, these GUIDELINES are an outcome of the effort of over 300 leading experts in theCountry.

5 These call for a participatory approach involving all stakeholder groups to strengthen the nationalvision of moving towards a more proactive pre- DISASTER preparedness and mitigation-centric contain all the details that are required by the planners and implementers and will help in thepreparation of plans by the central ministries and the states. A NATIONAL level Earthquake MitigationProject will also be undertaken for all the earthquake prone districts to back the above effort. I am surethat these GUIDELINES will serve the purpose take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation of the commitment of various stakeholdergroups who extended their willing support and cooperation to our efforts. I am grateful to the membersof the Core Group, who put in endless hours of work. I also wish to convey my gratitude to themembers of the NDMA, Extended Group, and other experts whose contributions have resulted into thepreparation of these GUIDELINES .

6 And finally, I am also pleased to place on record my sincere appreciationfor Prof. N. Vinod Chandra Menon, Member, NDMA, who guided and coordinated the entire DelhiGeneral NC Vij30 April 2007 PVSM, UYSM, AVSM (Retd)Index PreviousNextxiiIndex PreviousNextxiiiACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI am grateful to the members of the Core Group who contributed to the preparation of the NationalDisaster MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES for the MANAGEMENT of Earthquakes. I must place on record mysincere appreciation of the special efforts made by Prof. Ravi Sinha of IIT Mumbai and Prof. of IIT Kanpur as well as the valuable inputs and feedback from Dr. Bhandari, Chairman,CDMM, Vellore and Prof. Arya, NATIONAL Seismic Advisor, Government of India. I am also gratefulto the professionals in scientific and technical institutions, various Ministries of the Government of India,Relief Commissioners from State Governments and other key stakeholders for their valuable insightswhich have contributed immensely in shaping these am deeply indebted to Gen.

7 Vij, PVSM, UYSM, AVSM (Retd), Vice Chairman, NDMA forhis valuable guidance and constructive criticism at various stages of the preparation of the GUIDELINES ,which substantially improved the focus and operationalisation strategy. I must also acknowledge mygratitude to the distinguished Members of the NDMA for their valuable insights, guidance and am also happy to acknowledge the support extended by Ms. Rani Sahay, Mr. Vivek Sharma,Mr. K. Vijaya Kumaran, Mr. Satish Chandra Sharma and Mr. Thomas Kutty during the variousworkshops and their assistance in the preparation of these support of Mr. Brahma, Additional Secretary, NDMA and other senior officers of NDMAfor the conduct of the workshops is also gratefully Delhi N. Vinod Chandra Menon30 April 2007 MemberNational DISASTER MANAGEMENT AuthorityGovernment of IndiaIndex PreviousNextxivIndex PreviousNextxvThe following abbreviations and acronyms used throughout this document are intended to mean thefollowing.

8 AERBA tomic Energy Regulatory BoardAICTEAll India Council for Technical EducationARMVsAccident Relief Medical VansATIA dministrative Training InstituteBAIB uilders Association of IndiaBISB ureau of Indian StandardsBMTPCB uilding Materials & Technology Promotion CouncilCBOsCommunity Based OrganisationsCBRIC entral Building Research InstituteCBSEC entral Board of Secondary EducationCESSC entre for Earth Science StudiesCFIC onstruction Federation of IndiaCIDCC onstruction Industry Development CouncilCOAC ouncil of ArchitectureCPWDC entral Public Works DepartmentCRRIC entral Road Research InstituteCSRC orporate Social ResponsibilityCWCC entral Water CommissionCWPRSC entral Water and Power Research StationDAED epartment of Atomic EnergyDCRD evelopment Control RegulationsDDMAD istrict DISASTER MANAGEMENT AuthorityDMDisaster ManagementDMAD isaster MANAGEMENT AuthorityDODD epartment of Ocean DevelopmentDRMD isaster Risk ManagementDSTD epartment of Science and TechnologyDVAD etailed Vulnerability AssessmentEOCE mergency Operations CentreERECE arthquake Risk Evaluation CentreAbbreviationsIndex PreviousNextxviABBREVIATIONSGISG eographic Information SystemGOIG overnment of IndiaGPSG lobal Positioning SystemGSIG eological Survey of IndiaHSCH azard Safety CellsHUDCOH ousing & Urban Development CorporationICSI ncident Command SystemIDNDRI nternational Decade for Natural DISASTER Reduction (1990-99)IDRNI ndia DISASTER Resource NetworkIDRNI ndia DISASTER Response NetworkIE(I)Institution of Engineers (India)

9 IIAI ndian Institute of ArchitectsIIGI ndian Institute of GeomagnetismIIScIndian Institute of ScienceIITI ndian Institute of TechnologyIMDI ndia Meteorological DepartmentIRCI ndian Road CongressISETI ndian Society of Earthquake TechnologyITIsIndustrial Training InstitutesJNNURMJ awaharlal Nehru NATIONAL Urban Renewal MissionMAHM ajor Accident HazardMCIM edical Council of IndiaMFRsMedical First RespondersMHAM inistry of Home AffairsMHRDM inistry of Human Resource DevelopmentMoESMinistry of Earth SciencesMoRMinistry of RailwaysMoSRTHM inistry of Shipping, Road Transport and HighwaysMoUDMinistry of Urban DevelopmentNACN ational Academy of ConstructionNCCN ational Cadet CorpsNDMAN ational DISASTER MANAGEMENT AuthorityNDRFN ational DISASTER Response ForceNECN ational Executive CommitteeNGOsNon-Governmental OrganisationsNGRIN ational Geophysical Research InstituteNICMARN ational Institute of Construction MANAGEMENT and ResearchIndex PreviousNextxviiABBREVIATIONSNIDMN ational Institute of DISASTER ManagementNITN ational Institute of TechnologyNITTTRN ational Institute of Technical Teachers Training and ResearchNPCBAERMN ational Programme for Capacity Building of Architects in Earthquake Risk ManagementNPCBEERMN ational Programme for Capacity Building of Engineers in Earthquake Risk ManagementNPEEEN ational Programme on Earthquake Engineering EducationNSSN ational Service SchemeNYKSN ehru Yuva Kendra SangathanPPPP

10 Ublic Private PartnershipPRIsPanchayati Raj InstitutionsQIPQ uality Improvement ProgrammeQRMTQ uick Reaction Medical TeamR&DResearch and DevelopmentRCCR einforced Cement ConcreteRDSOR esearch Designs and Standards OrganisationRMRisk ManagementRVSR apid Visual ScreeningSDMAS tate DISASTER MANAGEMENT AuthoritySDRFS tate DISASTER Response ForceSECS tate Executive CommitteeSEMCsState Earthquake MANAGEMENT CommitteesSERCS tructural Engineering Research CentreSEZS pecial Economic ZoneSOIS urvey of IndiaSOPS tandard Operating ProcedureSRRsStructural Response RecordersSRTEES chool of Research and Training in Earthquake EngineeringUEVRPU rban Earthquake Vulnerability Reduction ProjectUGCU niversity Grants CommissionULBsUrban Local BodiesUNUnited NationsUNDPU nited Nations Development ProgrammeUTUnion TerritoryWIHGW adia Institute of Himalayan GeologyIndex PreviousNextxviiiDisasterA catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arisingfrom natural or man made causes, or by accident or negligence whichresults in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, anddestruction of, property, or damage to, and degradation of, environment,and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacityof the community of the affected ManagementA continuous and integrated process of planning, organising, coordinatingand implementing measures which are necessary or expedient forprevention of danger or threat of any DISASTER ; mitigation or reduction ofrisk of any DISASTER or its severity or consequences; capacity building;preparedness to deal with any DISASTER ; prompt response to anythreatening DISASTER situation or DISASTER ; assessing the severity ormagnitude of effects of any DISASTER ; evacuation, rescue and relief.