National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) - MHA

1 National Disaster Management plan (NDMP) National Disaster Management plan (NDMP)A publication of: National Disaster Management Authority Government of India NDMA Bhawan A-1, Safdarjung Enclave New Delhi 110 029 May, 2016 When citing this Hand Book, the following citation should be used: National Disaster Management plan , publication of the National Disaster Management Authority, Government of 2016, New DelhiNational Disaster Management plan (NDMP) National Disaster Management Authority Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India May 201618 May, 2016 I am happy to note that in the recent years on account of establishment of National and state level institutions and many initiatives including those at the local levels across the country, we have been able to face various natural Disaster situations much better than in the past While natural hazards are beyond our control, our capability to reduce risks , prevent losses, prepare, respond, and recover has improved significantly.

2 We have considerably enhanced our technical capabilities in forecasting and closely monitoring hazards like cyclone. Nevertheless, we still have to strive to make our Disaster Management system to rank among the very best in the world. It is a matter of great satisfaction that NDMA has prepared the National Disaster Management plan - an excellent planning framework for the whole country. India can take pride in fact that we have aligned our National plan with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, to which India is a signatory. I heartily congratulate the NDMA for preparing a forward-looking National plan and wish the Authority a grand success in all its future Preparation of a National document such as the National Disaster Management plan is a mammoth exercise that can only be accomplished through team work that extends beyond the confines of institutions working only on Disaster risk Management .

3 The National and state level institutions and individuals who have provided inputs to the preparation of this document are numerous. It is not possible to mention all of them. We gratefully acknowledge all of their support, and mention some of the key contributors here. Head of Policy and Planning Division of NDMA Dr. V. Thiruppugazh worked assiduously and led the finalization of the National Disaster Management plan . Under his guidance the plan was thoroughly revised and aligned with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. He was ably supported by Nawal Prakash, Senior Research Officer of NDMA who coordinated inputs from a range of institutions and individuals. Valuable technical assistance was provided by Dr. Geevan P Chandanathil and Shri. Birju Patel in distilling inputs from secondary sources and making the plan concise and accessible. UNNATI provided technical support for the first draft of the revised plan .

4 Joint Secretaries, staff and consultants of NDMA provided specific inputs to different sections of the document. Valuable inputs were received from the National Institute of Disaster Management , National Disaster Response Force, and the Disaster Management Division of the Ministry of Home Affairs. In addition, a number of other Ministries and Departments of Government of India, and several State governments provided timely feedback and suggestions on different sections of the plan . It draws on a large number of documents, guidelines, manuals and records. We acknowledge the contribution of the authors of all such reference documents. Finalization of the first National Disaster Management plan is the culmination of a long process. During this period several rounds of consultations were held, inputs sought and draft sections prepared. We would like to gratefuly acknowledge the contribution of the members of the National executive Committee who prepared the initial draft.

5 The former Members of NDMA played a critical role in providing substantive guidance to the preparation of the earlier drafts. These inputs have proved to be a bedrock on which the current plan stands. In summary , the preparation of the National Disaster Management plan exemplifies team work that spans across different parts of the National and state governments, civil society organizations and the academia. This sets the tone for the team work that will be required for its effective implementation. **AcknowledgementsNational Disaster Management PlanIContentsList of Figures viList of Tables viAbbreviations viiExecutive summary xiii1 Introduction Rationale Vision Legal Mandate Scope Objectives Sendai Framework Integrating Sendai Framework into NDMP Disasters, Risk Reduction and Management - Definitions 6 Disasters 7 Disaster Management 7 Disaster Risk Reduction (Mitigation)

6 Types of Disasters 8 Natural Hazards 8 Human-Induced Disasters Levels of Disasters Institutional Framework 11 National Level 11 State Level plan Implementation 182 Hazard Risk and Vulnerability - National Profile Background Hazard, Risk and Vulnerability Profile 20 Multi-Hazard Vulnerability 20 Natural Hazards 20 Human-induced Disasters 26 Fire Risk 28 Regions/areas involving multiple states requiring special attention 28 National Disaster Management AuthorityII3 Reducing Risk; Enhancing Resilience Background 31 Understanding Risk 32 Inter-Agency Coordination 32 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 32 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 32 Capacity Development 32 Hazard-wise Responsibility Matrices for Disaster Risk Mitigation Cyclone and Wind Risk Mitigation 34 Understanding Risk 34 Inter-Agency Coordination 36 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 37 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 37 Capacity Development Flood Risk Mitigation 41 Understanding Risk 41 Inter-Agency Coordination 43 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 44 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 45 Capacity Development Urban Flooding Risk Mitigation 49 Understanding Risk 49 Inter-Agency Coordination 50

7 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 51 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 52 Capacity Development Seismic Risk Mitigation 55 Understanding Risk 55 Inter-Agency Coordination 56 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 56 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 57 Capacity Development Tsunami Risk Mitigation 60 Understanding Risk 60 Inter-Agency Coordination 61 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 61 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 62 Capacity Development 64 National Disaster Management Landslides and Snow Avalanches Risk Mitigation 66 Understanding Risk 66 Inter-Agency Coordination 67 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 68 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 68 Capacity Development Drought Risk Mitigation 71 Understanding Risk 71 Inter-Agency Coordination 73 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 74 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 75 Capacity Development Cold Wave and Frost 79 Mitigation Measures for People 79 Mitigation Measures for Crops and Animals Chemical (Industrial)

8 Disasters Risk Mitigation 81 Understanding Risk 81 Inter-Agency Coordination 82 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 83 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 83 Capacity Development Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies Risk Mitigation 87 Understanding Risk 87 Inter-Agency Coordination 87 Investing in DRR Structural Measures 88 Investing in DRR Non-Structural Measures 88 Capacity Development Fire Risk Mitigation 924 Preparedness and Response Background Institutional Framework National Early Warning System 96 Central Agencies Designated for Natural Hazard-Specific Early Warnings 96 Role of Central Agencies/Departments Coordination of Response at National Level Fire and Emergency Services (FES) Responding to Requests for Central Assistance from States Management of Disasters Impacting more than one State 99 National Disaster Management Major Tasks and the Responsibilities.

9 Centre and State Responsibility Matrix for Preparedness and Response plan Activation 1145 Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance Background Sendai Framework and Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance Responsibility Matrix for Strengthening Disaster Risk Governance 1166 Recovery and Building Back Better Scope Approach Recovery Process Early, Mid and Long-term Recovery Reconstruction Co-ordination of Reconstruction 125 Central Government 125 State Government 125 Private Sector 125 Voluntary Organizations and International Aid Agencies Rehabilitation 126 Background 126 Physical Rehabilitation 126 Relocation 126 Social Rehabilitation 127 Revival of Educational Activities 127 Rehabilitation of the Elderly, Women and Children 127 Economic Rehabilitation 128 Psychological Rehabilitation Fund Mobilization 128 Background 128 Funds Disbursement and Monitoring 129 Recovery of reconstruction costs 1297 Capacity Development - An Overview Background Capacity Development Themes National Institute of Disaster Management and other Institutions Capacity Development of Local Bodies Rural and Urban Training Communities National and State Disaster Resource Networks 134 National Disaster Management Capacity Development - Ministries and States 1358 Financial Arrangements Background National Disaster Response Fund State Disaster Response Fund National Disaster Mitigation Fund Recommendations of the Fourteenth Finance Commission Statutory Provisions 139 Financing Prevention, Mitigation.

10 And Preparedness 139 Allocation by Ministries and Departments 140 Provisions in the Act for Disaster Risk Reduction Implementation of DRR Financial Aspects 142 plan Schemes 142 Flexi Funds as a part of Centrally Sponsored Schemes 142 Externally Aided Projects Risk Transfer and Insurance 1439 International Cooperation Participation in International Efforts Accepting Foreign Assistance Accepting Multilateral Assistance Fostering Partnerships 14510 Maintaining and Updating the plan Background Training Testing the plan and Learning to Improve Revise/Update 148 References 149 Annexure-I: List of NDMA s Disaster Management Guidelines 151 Annexure-II: Hazard Vulnerability Maps for India 153 Earthquake Vulnerability Zones of India 153 Flood Vulnerability Zones of India 154 Wind and Cyclone Vulnerability Zones of India 155 Glossary 157 National Disaster Management AuthorityVI List of Figures Figure 1-1: Disaster Management cycle.