NCHRP Report 456 - Guidebook for Assessing the Social …

1 transportation RESEARCH BOARD Guidebook for Assessing the Social and economic Effects of transportation ProjectsNATIONALCOOPERATIVE HIGHWAYRESEARCH PROGRAMNCHRPREPORT 456 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCILP rogram StaffROBERT J. REILLY, Director, Cooperative Research ProgramsCRAWFORD F. JENCKS, Manager, NCHRPDAVID B. BEAL, Senior Program OfficerHARVEY BERLIN, Senior Program OfficerB. RAY DERR, Senior Program OfficerAMIR N. HANNA, Senior Program OfficerEDWARD T. HARRIGAN, Senior Program OfficerTIMOTHY G. HESS, Senior Program OfficerRONALD D. McCREADY, CHARLES W. NIESSNER, Senior Program OfficerSenior Program OfficerEILEEN P. DELANEY, Managing EditorJAMIE FEAR, Associate EditorHILARY FREER, Associate EditorANDREA BRIERE, Assistant EditorBETH HATCH, Editorial AssistantCHRISTOPHER HEDGES, Senior Program OfficerTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2001 OFFICERSC hair: John M.

2 Samuels, Senior Vice President-Operations Planning & Support, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, VAVice Chair: Thomas R. Warne, Executive Director, Utah DOT Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., transportation Research BoardMEMBERSWILLIAM D. ANKNER, Director, Rhode Island DOTTHOMAS F. BARRY, JR., Secretary of transportation , Florida DOTJACK E. BUFFINGTON, Associate Director and Research Professor, Mack-Blackwell National Rural transportation Study Center, University of ArkansasSARAH C. CAMPBELL, President, TransManagement, Inc., Washington, DCE. DEAN CARLSON, Secretary of transportation , Kansas DOTJOANNE F. CASEY, President, Intermodal Association of North AmericaJAMES C. CODELL III, transportation Secretary, transportation Cabinet, Frankfort, KYJOHN L. CRAIG, Director, Nebraska Department of RoadsROBERT A.

3 FROSCH, Senior Research Fellow, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard UniversityGORMAN GILBERT, Director, Oklahoma transportation Center, Oklahoma State UniversityGENEVIEVE GIULIANO, Professor, School of Policy, Planning, and Development, University of Southern California, Los AngelesLESTER A. HOEL, L. A. Lacy Distinguished Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of VirginiaH. THOMAS KORNEGAY, Executive Director, Port of Houston AuthorityBRADLEY L. MALLORY, Secretary of transportation , Pennsylvania DOTMICHAEL D. MEYER, Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyJEFFREY R. MORELAND, Executive Vice President-Law and Chief of Staff, Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation, Fort Worth, TXSID MORRISON, Secretary of transportation , Washington State DOTJOHN P.

4 POORMAN, Staff Director, Capital District transportation Committee, Albany, NYCATHERINE L. ROSS, Executive Director, Georgia Regional transportation AgencyWAYNE SHACKELFORD, Senior Vice President, Gresham Smith & Partners, Alpharetta, GAPAUL P. SKOUTELAS, CEO, Port Authority of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, PAMICHAEL S. TOWNES, Executive Director, transportation District Commission of Hampton Roads, Hampton, VAMARTIN WACHS, Director, Institute of transportation Studies, University of California at BerkeleyMICHAEL W. WICKHAM, Chairman and CEO, Roadway Express, Inc., Akron, OHJAMES A. WILDING, President and CEO, Metropolitan Washington Airports AuthorityM. GORDON WOLMAN, Professor of Geography and Environmental Engineering, The Johns Hopkins UniversityMIKE ACOTT, President, National Asphalt Pavement Association (ex officio)EDWARD A.

5 BRIGHAM, Acting Deputy Administrator, Research and Special Programs Administration, (ex officio)BRUCE J. CARLTON, Acting Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, (ex officio)JULIE A. CIRILLO, Assistant Administrator and Chief Safety Officer, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, (ex officio)SUSAN M. COUGHLIN, Director and COO, The American Trucking Associations Foundation, Inc. (ex officio)ROBERT B. FLOWERS (Lt. Gen., Army), Chief of Engineers and Commander, Army Corps of Engineers (ex officio)HAROLD K. FORSEN, Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering (ex officio)JANE F. GARVEY, Federal Aviation Administrator, (ex officio)EDWARD R. HAMBERGER, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads (ex officio)JOHN C. HORSLEY, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and transportation Officials (ex officio)S.

6 MARK LINDSEY, Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, (ex officio)JAMES M. LOY (Adm., Coast Guard), Commandant, Coast Guard (ex officio)WILLIAM W. MILLAR, President, American Public transportation Association (ex officio)MARGO T. OGE, Director, Office of transportation and Air Quality, Environmental Protection Agency (ex officio)VALENTIN J. RIVA, President and CEO, American Concrete Pavement Association (ex officio)VINCENT F. SCHIMMOLLER, Deputy Executive Director, Federal Highway Administration, (ex officio)ASHISH K. SEN, Director, Bureau of transportation Statistics, (ex officio)L. ROBERT SHELTON III, Executive Director, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, (ex officio)MICHAEL R. THOMAS, Applications Division Director, Office of Earth Sciences Enterprise, National Aeronautics Space Administration (ex officio)HIRAM J.

7 WALKER, Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, (ex officio)NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAMT ransportation Research Board Executive Committee Subcommittee for NCHRPVINCENT F. SCHIMMOLLER, Federal Highway AdministrationROBERT E. SKINNER, JR., transportation Research BoardMARTIN WACHS, Institute of transportation Studies, University of California at BerkeleyTHOMAS R. WARNE, Utah DOTJOHN M. SAMUELS, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, VA (Chair)LESTER A. HOEL, University of VirginiaJOHN C. HORSLEY, American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficialsTHOMAS N. HARVEY, Harvey Consultants, Inc.(Chair)MARLON G. BOARNET, University of California - IrvineJAN E. CHRISTOPHER, Delaware State UniversityBUDDY CUNILL, Florida DOTCECELIA JOY, Colorado DOTIAN LOCKWOOD, City of West Palm BeachSHARON MEGDAL, MegEcon ConsultingJON B.

8 NOVICK, Wisconsin DOTBRENDA C. KRAGH, FHWA Liaison RepresentativeJON M. WILLIAMS, TRB Liaison RepresentativeProject Panel 25-19 Field of transportation PlanningArea of Impact AnalysisTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCILNATIONAL ACADEMY PRESSWASHINGTON, 2001 NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAMNCHRP Report 456 Research Sponsored by the American Association of State Highway and transportation Officials in Cooperation with the Federal Highway AdministrationSUBJECTAREASP lanning and Administration Energy and Environment transportation Law Highway and Facility Design Safety and Human PerformanceGuidebook for Assessing the Social and EconomicEffects of transportation ProjectsDAVIDJ. FORKENBROCKP ublic Policy CenterUniversity of IowaIowa City, IAandGLENE.

9 WEISBRODE conomic Development Research GroupBoston, MAPublished reports of the NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAMare available from: transportation Research BoardNational Research Council2101 Constitution Avenue, , 20418and can be ordered through the Internet at: in the United States of AmericaNATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAMS ystematic, well-designed research provides the most effectiveapproach to the solution of many problems facing highwayadministrators and engineers. Often, highway problems are of localinterest and can best be studied by highway departmentsindividually or in cooperation with their state universities andothers. However, the accelerating growth of highway transportationdevelops increasingly complex problems of wide interest tohighway authorities.

10 These problems are best studied through acoordinated program of cooperative recognition of these needs, the highway administrators of theAmerican Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials initiated in 1962 an objective national highway researchprogram employing modern scientific techniques. This program issupported on a continuing basis by funds from participatingmember states of the Association and it receives the full cooperationand support of the Federal Highway Administration, United StatesDepartment of transportation Research Board of the National ResearchCouncil was requested by the Association to administer the researchprogram because of the Board s recognized objectivity andunderstanding of modern research practices.