Next G Alliance Report

1 Next G Alliance Report : Roadmap to 6G. February 2022. Notice of Disclaimer and Limitation of Liability The information provided in this document is directed solely to professionals who have the appropriate degree of experience to understand and interpret its contents in accordance with generally accepted engineering or other professional standards and applicable regulations. No recommendation as to products or vendors is made or should be implied. NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY IS MADE THAT THE INFORMATION IS TECHNICALLY ACCURATE OR SUFFICIENT OR. CONFORMS TO ANY STATUTE, GOVERNMENTAL RULE OR REGULATION, AND FURTHER, NO REPRESENTATION OR WAR- RANTY IS MADE OFMERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OF. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. ATIS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE, BEYOND THE AMOUNT OF ANY SUM RECEIVED IN PAY- MENT BY ATIS FOR THIS DOCUMENT, AND IN NO EVENT SHALL ATIS BE LIABLE FOR LOST PROFITS OR OTHER INCIDENTAL.

2 OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. ATIS EXPRESSLY ADVISES THAT ANY AND ALL USE OF OR RELIANCE UPON THE INFORMA- TION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS AT THE RISK OF THE USER. NOTE - The user's attention is called to the possibility that compliance with this document may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. By publication of this document, no position is taken with respect to whether use of an invention covered by patent rights will be required, and if any such use is required no position is taken regarding the validity of this claim or any patent rights in connection therewith. Please refer to to determine if any statement has been filed by a patent holder indicating a willingness to grant a license either without compensation or on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain a license. Copyright Information Copyright 2022 by Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions All rights reserved.

3 Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions 1200 G Street, NW, Suite 500. Washington, DC 20005. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information, contact ATIS at (202) 628-6380. ATIS is online at ii Next G Alliance Report : Roadmap to 6G. Foreword As a leading technology and solutions development organization, the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS). brings together the top global ICT companies to advance the industry's business priorities. ATIS' 150 member companies are currently working to address network reliability, 5G, robocall mitigation, smart cities, artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled networks, distributed ledger/blockchain technology, cybersecurity, IoT, emergency services, quality of service, billing support, operations and much more.

4 These priorities follow a fast-track development lifecycle from design and innovation through standards, spec- ifications, requirements, business use cases, software toolkits, open-source solutions, and interoperability testing. ATIS is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). ATIS is the North American Organizational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP), a founding Partner of the oneM2M global initiative, a member of the Interna- tional Telecommunication Union (ITU), as well as a member of the Inter-American Telecommunication Commission (CITEL). For more information, visit Follow ATIS on Twitter and on LinkedIn. The ATIS Next G Alliance ' is an initiative to advance North American wireless technology leadership over the next decade through private-sector-led efforts. With a strong emphasis on technology commercialization, the work will encompass the full lifecycle of research and development, manufacturing, standardization, and market readiness.

5 February 2022 Next G Alliance Report : Roadmap to 6G iii Contents Notice of Disclaimer and Limitation of Liability ii Copyright Information ii Foreword iii 1 Introduction 1. Scope 1. About Next G Alliance 1. 2 Partnering with Government 2. Creating a North American Vision for 6G Success 2. Supporting a Research and Development Agenda for 6G Leadership 2. Creating a Foundation for Investment in North American 6G Leadership 3. 3 North American 6G Vision 4. Framework for a North America 6G Vision 4. Trust, Security, and Resilience 5. National Imperatives 6. Applications and Markets 6. Technology Development 7. Key Performance Objectives 9. Digital World Experience 9. National Imperatives 9. Applications and Markets 10. Technology Development 10. Key Performance Objectives 12. Cost-Efficient Solutions 12. National Imperatives 13. Applications and Markets 13.

6 Technology Development 14. Distributed Cloud and Communications Systems 16. National Imperatives 17. Applications and Markets 17. Technology Development 17. AI-Native Wireless Networks 18. National Imperatives 18. Applications and Markets 19. Technology Development 19. Sustainability 21. National Imperative 21. Applications and Markets 22. Technology Development 22. 4 North American 6G Roadmap Lifecycle and Timeline 24. Lifecycle Roadmap 24. 6G Timeline 25. 5 Societal and Economic Needs 27. Key Priorities and Requirements 27. Digital Equity 27. Trust 27. Sustainability 27. Economic Growth 28. Quality of Life 28. Mapping of Issues to UN Sustainable Development Goals 28. Overall Summary and Recommended Actions 29. 6 Applications and Use Cases 30. Key Priorities and Requirements 30. Living How to improve the quality of everyday living 30.

7 Experience - How to Improve the Quality of Experience in Areas such as Entertainment, Learning and Health Care 31. iv Next G Alliance Report : Roadmap to 6G. Critical - How to Improve the Quality of Critical Roles in Sectors such as Health Care, Manufacturing, Agriculture, Transportation, and Public Safety 32. Societal Goals - How to Attain and Improve on High-Level Societal Goals 32. Overall Summary and Recommended Actions 33. 7 Technology Enablers 34. Key Priorities and Requirements 34. Component Technologies 34. Semiconductor Technology 34. Circuits and Sub-Systems 34. Antenna, Packaging and Testing 34. Radio Technology 34. Radio Technologies for Spectral Expansion and Efficiency 35. Radio Technologies for AI and Distributed Cloud 35. Radio Technologies for Green Communications 35. Radio Technologies for Advanced Topology and Networking 35.

8 Radio Technologies for Joint Communications and Sensing (JCS) 35. Systems and Network Architectures 36. Network Topologies 36. Network Adaptability 36. Distributed Cloud and Computing 36. AI in Network and Devices 36. Network Operations, Administration and Management, and Service Enablement 37. Service Management/Orchestration, Data Management, and AI/ML-Based Intelligent Network Controller for Automation 37. Public Safety in Emergencies and Disaster Scenario 37. Technology Enablers for Business Services Convergence 37. Energy-Efficient Green Network 37. Trustworthiness 37. Communications Security 37. System Reliability 38. Safeguarding Data and Privacy 38. Overall Summary and Recommendations 38. 8 Spectrum 39. Key Priorities and Requirements 39. Priority 1 Identification of Spectrum Suitable for 6G Services 39. Priority 2 Spectrum Management and Access Mechanisms 40.

9 Priority 3 Regulatory/Policy Factors to Enhance North American Competitiveness 40. Impact of Applications and Technologies on Spectrum 40. Overall Summary and Recommended Actions 40. 9 Environmental Impacts 41. Key Priorities and Requirements 41. Reductions in CO2 and GHG Emissions 41. Improvements from Better Use of Raw Materials, Batteries, and Circular Economy Principles 41. Better Use of Land and Water Resources 42. Resulting Design Enhancement for 6G Systems 42. Overall Environmental Impact Summary and Recommended Actions 42. Appendix A: Definitions and Abbreviations 43. Definitions 43. Abbreviations 43. February 2022 Next G Alliance Report : Roadmap to 6G v 1 Introduction Scope implementation of the strategic direction by defining work- The scope of this Next G Alliance Report : Roadmap to 6G is ing groups. The working groups identified in the figure are to provide a foundational vision for 6G that addresses both contributing members to this Roadmap Report .

10 In addition, North American needs and global alignment goals and to there is a Technical Program Office that coordinates opera- develop priorities and strategies for achieving North American tions across the organizational structure. leadership alongside other regions' leadership. This includes describing the key challenges across social and economic, technical, spectrum, applications, and sustainability ( , The Next G Alliance 's Roadmap to 6G . energy, environmental) considerations, and recommending Report is a private sector-led initiative to governmental actions and standardization strategies. outline a vision for 6G and a roadmap that This first release of the Report describes the Next G Alliance addresses North America's imperatives. foundational vision and roadmap in terms of key goals and objectives, the timeline of major milestones on the path to The National 6G Roadmap Working Group is responsible for 6G, and key priorities and recommendations that reflect work integrating the results from each working group and formu- across the Next G Alliance .