No Longer at Ease - Degrees

1 0 September 152015 Country Ownership in an Interconnected WorldNo Longer at EasePatrick C. FineChief Executive Officer, FHI 360@pfinefine12 Ownership mattersResults matterPolicy matters3 September 152015 Country Ownership in an Interconnected WorldNo Longer at Ease4 Bottom Line Up Front (BLUF)Where ODA remains a major source of funding, countries need strategies to: Expand their access to non-concessional funding and raise their own resources Deepen their connectivitywith the rest of the The concept of country ownership A changed landscape from postcolonial to post-global Ownership in an interconnected world67 The Western ruling groups are conceited, full of themselves, ignorant of our conditions, and they make other people s business their businessYoweriMuseveni2006 8910 August 21, 197211 KeyPractice into policy.

2 Country ownership as a development doctrine2002 Rome2002 Monterrey Conference2005 Paris2008 Accra2008 Doha Conference2011 Busan2015 Addis Ababa ConferenceInternational Conferences on Financing for DevelopmentHigh Level Fora on Aid Effectiveness The key element that will guide this work is a country-based approach that emphasizes country ownership and government leadership Each country has primary responsibility for its own economic and social development, and the role of national policies and development strategies cannot be overemphasized. Partner countries commit exercise leadership in developing and implementing their national development strategies through broadconsultative processes.

3 Developing country governments will take stronger leadership of their own development policies, and will engage with their parliaments and citizens in shaping those policies. We reaffirm that national ownership and leadership of development strategies and good governance are Partnerships for development can only succeed if they are led by developing countries, implementing approaches that are tailored to country-specific situations and needs. Private business activity, investment and innovation are major drivers ofproductivity, inclusive economic growth and job creation. 12 Donor vs. developing country perspectivesDONORDEVELOPING COUNTRYO wnershipPartnership and co-ownership partnership, not patronage -President.

4 Mutual accountability ..participatory processes broad-based participation -Millennium Challenge Corporation s Principles into Practice bottom-up, participatorychange in opposition to the top-down reforms -David Booth, Overseas Development Institute ..Africa can control its own destiny by taking greater ownershipof our continent's development agenda. -Nelson Sewankambo, President of the Uganda National Academy of Sciences We in the developing countries must own the development agenda, and our partners have to align their support to our agenda, our priorities and the sequencing we have set for Development cannot be imposed, it can only be facilitated.

5 -President Benjamin MkapaofTanzania Despite their good intentions, their perspective is often predicated on paternalism not on partnership, on charity not on self-reliance,and on promises unfulfilled rather than real change on the ground. -Rwandan President Paul Kagame13 Global Financing FacilityMillennium Challenge CorporationGlobal Partnership for EducationGlobal Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and MalariaFixed Obligation GrantsUSAID Local SolutionsRollback MalariaSector-Wide ApproachesPolicy into practice: new funding mechanisms14An interconnected world is fundamentally differentUrbanizationInfrastructure DevelopmentEntrepreneurshipGlobal Equity MarketsLabor Market/ EmploymentTrade DevelopmentCurrency ValuationSocial MediaEconomicTechnologyEnvironmentGovern mentMobile PhonesMOOCsIdentity SecurityLegal RegistrationPolitical StabilityCorruption/ TransparencyPublic ServicesFinancial TransactionsFood SecurityWater SecuritySolar EnergyPopulation MigrationNatural Resource Uganda is transforming with it16 Population has grown around the billion11+ billion Developing countries accounted for 97%of the growth Africa s current

6 Population is billion (16%) The global population growth will be largely driven by Africa Africa s population is expected to tripleor quadrupleover the next 85 Uganda is a key contributor199220152100205018 million38 million102 million205 millionBy 2100, Uganda s population will increase fivefold and become one of thetop 10 most populated countries 1819A world connected through the internet05101520253035200020012002200320 0420052006200720082009201020112012201320 14 Internet users per 100 peopleUgandaMiddle incomeLeast developed countriesWorld Development IndicatorsAfrican Undersea Cables Map 2014 Monthly Broadband Prices Across Africa20A world connected through cell phones21201020132223A world connected through education2011-2016 E-Learning Aggregate Growth Rates by RegionSource.

7 E-Learning Market Trends & Forecast 2014 -2016 Report and 2011-2016 Growth rates by region (Ambient Insight 2012)2014 E-Learning Global Market 24A world connected through tradeBank of Uganda05001,0001,5002,0002,50097/9898/99 99/0000/0101/0202/0303/0404/0505/0606/07 07/0808/0909/1010/1111/1212/1313/1414/15 Uganda exports by market(US$ millions)COMESAE uropean UnionMiddle EastAsiaRest of AfricaRest of EuropeThe AmericasUnclassified201525 The changing landscapeEducation and trainingCommunication and informationTransportation and migrationTrade and industryDEVELOPMENT FINANCING26 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,00019901992199419961998200020022004200 6200820102012US$ billionDomesticexpenditureShort term debtLong term debtRemittancesPortfolio EquityFDIG ross OOFsSource: ODA and OOFs (OECD); FDI (UNCTAD); portfolio equity and remittances (World Bank); loans data (World Bank s International Debt Statistics); government expenditure (IMF).

8 The evolution of financing for development27 LDCs still dependent on aid$0$200,000$400,000$600,000$800,000$1, 000,000$1,200,00020042005200620072008200 9201020112012US MillionsGlobal Total Resource FlowsODAOOFE xport CreditsFDIO ther SecuritiesPrivate GrantsRemittancesIncreased private sector investment at the global level has not translated into significant increases in private flows to LDCsSource Data: OECD Data; ;:embed=y&:display_count=no&:showVizHome =no $0$10,000$20,000$30,000$40,000$50,000$60 ,000$70,000$80,000$90,000$100,0002004200 52006200720082009201020112012US MillionsLDC Resource FlowsODAOOFE xport CreditsFDIO ther SecuritiesPrivate Grants28 Country upward mobilityLIC 2000 AfghanistanAngolaArmeniaAzerbaijanBangla deshBeninBhutanBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCentral African RepublicChadChinaComorosCongo, Dem.

9 , te d'IvoireEritreaEthiopiaGambia, TheGhanaGuineaGuinea-BissauHaitiHonduras IndiaIndonesiaKenyaKorea, Dem. RepublicLao PDRL esothoLiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaliMaurita niaMoldovaMongoliaMozambiqueMyanmarNepal NicaraguaNigerNigeriaPakistanRwandaS o Tom and PrincipeSenegalSierra LeoneSolomon IslandsSomaliaSudanTajikistanTanzaniaTog oTurkmenistanUgandaVietnamYemen, upward mobilityAfghanistanAngolaArmeniaAzerbaij anBangladeshBeninBhutanBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCentral African RepublicChadChinaComorosCongo, Dem. , te d'IvoireEritreaEthiopiaGambia, TheGhanaGuineaGuinea-BissauHaitiHonduras IndiaIndonesiaKenyaKorea, Dem. RepublicLao PDRL esothoLiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaliMaurita niaMoldovaMongoliaMozambiqueMyanmarNepal NicaraguaNigerNigeriaPakistanRwandaS o Tom and PrincipeSenegalSierra LeoneSolomon IslandsSomaliaSudanTajikistanTanzaniaTog oTurkmenistanUgandaVietnamYemen, , te d'IvoireGhanaHondurasIndiaIndonesiaKenya Kyrgyz RepublicLao PDRL esothoMauritaniaMoldovaMyanmarNicaraguaN igeriaPakistanS o Tom and PrincipeSenegalSolomon IslandsSudanTajikistanVietnamYemen, FasoBurundiCambodiaCentral African RepublicChadComorosCongo, Dem.

10 , TheGuineaGuinea-BissauHaitiKorea, Dem. LeoneSomaliaTanzaniaTogoUgandaZimbabwe30 Common themes in graduated countriesAfghanistanAngolaArmeniaAzerbai janBangladeshBeninBhutanBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCentral African RepublicChadChinaComorosCongo, Dem. , te d'IvoireEritreaEthiopiaGambia, TheGhanaGuineaGuinea-BissauHaitiHonduras IndiaIndonesiaKenyaKorea, Dem. RepublicLao PDRL esothoLiberiaMadagascarMalawiMaliMaurita niaMoldovaMongoliaMozambiqueMyanmarNepal NicaraguaNigerNigeriaPakistanRwandaS o Tom and PrincipeSenegalSierra LeoneSolomon IslandsSomaliaSudanTajikistanTanzaniaTog oTurkmenistanUgandaVietnamYemen, to enable connectivity:a)Allow private enterpriseb)Protect private propertyc)Control corruptiond)Macro-economic their own development , te d'IvoireGhanaHondurasIndiaIndonesiaKenya Kyrgyz RepublicLao PDRL esothoMauritaniaMoldovaMyanmarNicaraguaN igeriaPakistanS o Tom and PrincipeSenegalSolomon IslandsSudanTajikistanVietnamYemen, an enabling environment.