Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in ...

1 400 MARYLAND AVE. , WASHINGTON, DC 20202-1100 The Department of Education s mission is to promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access. Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools Department of Education Office for Civil Rights December 2016 400 MARYLAND AVE. , WASHINGTON, DC 20202-1100 The Department of Education s mission is to promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights Catherine E. Lhamon Assistant Secretary December 2016 This Resource Guide is in the public domain. Authorization to reproduce it in whole or in part is granted.

2 The Resource Guide s citation should be: Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools ( December 2016). This Resource Guide is also available on the Office for Civil Rights website at Any updates to this Resource Guide will be available at this website. If you need technical assistance, please contact the OCR regional office serving your State or Territory by: visiting , or calling OCR s Customer Service Team at 1 800-421-3481; TDD 1-800-877-8339; or emailing OCR at Availability of Alternate Formats: Requests for documents in alternate formats such as Braille or large print should be submitted to the Alternate Format Center by calling 202-260-0852 or by contacting the Department of Education s Section 508 Coordinator via email at Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools Notice of Language Assistance Notice of Language Assistance: If you have difficulty understanding English, you may, free of charge, request language assistance services for this Department information by calling 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (TTY: 1-800-877-8339), or email us at: Aviso a personas con dominio limitado del idioma ingl s.

3 Si usted tiene alguna dificultad en entender el idioma ingl s, puede, sin costo alguno, solicitar asistencia ling stica con respecto a esta informaci n llamando al 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (TTY: 1-800-877-8339), o env e un mensaje de correo electr nico a: 1-800-USA-LEARN 1-800-872-5327 1-800-877-8339 : 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) ( 1-800-877-8339), : Th ng b o d nh cho nh ng ng i c kh n ng Anh ng h n ch : N u qu v g p kh kh n trong vi c hi u Anh ng th qu v c th y u c u c c d ch v h tr ng n ng cho c c tin t c c a B d nh cho c ng ch ng. C c d ch v h tr ng n ng n y u mi n ph.

4 N u qu v mu n bi t th m chi ti t v c c d ch v phi n d ch hay th ng d ch, xin vui l ng g i s 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (TTY: 1-800-877-8339), ho c email: : , .. , 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) 1-800-877-8339 . Paunawa sa mga Taong Limitado ang Kaalaman sa English: Kung nahihirapan kayong makaintindi ng English, maaari kayong humingi ng tulong ukol dito sa inpormasyon ng Kagawaran mula sa nagbibigay ng serbisyo na pagtulong kaugnay ng wika. Ang serbisyo na pagtulong kaugnay ng wika ay libre. Kung kailangan ninyo ng dagdag na impormasyon tungkol sa mga serbisyo kaugnay ng pagpapaliwanag o pagsasalin, mangyari lamang tumawag sa 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (TTY: 1-800-877-8339), o mag-email sa: Уведомление для лиц с ограниченным знанием английского языка: Если вы испытываете трудности в понимании английского языка, вы можете попросить, чтобы вам предоставили перевод информации, которую Министерство Образования доводит до всеобщего сведения.

5 Этот перевод предоставляется бесплатно. Если вы хотите получить более подробную информацию об услугах устного и письменного перевода, звоните по телефону 1-800-USA-LEARN (1-800-872-5327) (служба для слабослышащих: 1-800-877-8339), или отправьте сообщение по адресу: 400 MARYLAND AVE. , WASHINGTON, DC 20202-1100 The Department of Education s mission is to promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OFFICE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY Dear Superintendents and Other School Administrators: Thank you for the essential work you do to ensure that students with disabilities in the United States have an equal educational opportunity. As school leaders, you are invaluable resources for people in your district regarding the rights of students with disabilities under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ( Section 504).

6 The Department of Education s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) supports your efforts to help your schools comply with Section 504, including the Department s implementing regulations, and looks forward to working with you to provide students with an educational environment free from disability-based discrimination. The attached Resource Guide reminds all educational institutions receiving Federal financial assistance from the Department that they must vigilantly work to ensure compliance with Section 504 and other Federal laws that protect students with disabilities. We intend this Resource Guide to also help parents of students with disabilities understand the obligations imposed under Section 504. In particular, the Resource Guide summarizes key requirements of Section 504, and aims to increase understanding of these requirements for both parents and members of the school community alike.

7 If you need technical assistance, please contact the OCR regional office serving your State or Territory by visiting or call OCR s Customer Service Team at 1-800-421-3481; TDD 1-800-877-8339. Thank you for your commitment to assisting your schools in complying with Section 504 and to ensuring that all your schools students have safe and healthy environments in which to learn and thrive. We in OCR look forward to continuing to work with you to help prevent and address disability discrimination in our nation s schools. Sincerely, /s/ Catherine E. Lhamon Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights 400 MARYLAND AVE. , WASHINGTON, DC 20202-1100 The Department of Education s mission is to promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access.

8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .. 1 The Meaning of Disability Under Section 504 .. 3 Physical or mental impairments .. 3 Major life activities.. 4 Mitigating measures.. 6 Substantial limitation .. 6 Episodic impairments .. 7 Record of a disability .. 7 Regarded as having a disability.. 8 Qualified individual with a disability .. 9 An Overview of a Free Appropriate Public Education .. 10 Student Evaluations and Placement Under Section 504 .. 12 Scenario 1 Suspected Disability & Evaluation .. 14 Scenario 2 Suspected Disability & Involvement of Knowledgeable People .. 15 Scenario 3 Disabilities in Remission .. 15 Scenario 4 Appropriate Testing .. 17 Scenario 5 Timeframes for Evaluation .. 17 Scenario 6 Disagreement Over Need to Evaluate .. 21 Scenario 7 Reevaluations and FAPE .. 23 Additional Considerations for Placement and Services Under Section 504.

9 24 Athletics and Extracurricular Activities .. 27 Physical Accessibility .. 28 Scenario 8 Accessibility .. 29 Additional Protections from Discrimination .. 30 Scenario 9 Unjustified Different Treatment .. 31 Bullying and Harassment .. 32 Disputes and Disagreements Regarding FAPE and non-FAPE Matters .. 35 Procedural Safeguards .. 35 Scenario 10 Procedural Safeguards .. 36 Grievance Procedures .. 37 Retaliation .. 38 Title II and the IDEA .. 40 Conclusion .. 44 Other OCR Resources .. 46 Page 1 Parent and Educator Resource Guide to Section 504 Introduction Introduction Every year, public school teachers, leaders, parents, students, and other interested parties contact the Department of Education s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) asking questions about the educational and civil rights of students with disabilities who are enrolled in public elementary and secondary schools.

10 In this Resource Guide , the term Parent includes guardians and others with the authority to act on behalf of and in the interest of a student. During these exchanges, OCR often hears (1) uncertainty about the Federal civil rights obligations of public schools and individual school employees in a wide range of situations involving students with disabilities; (2) a lack of awareness of required processes and procedures for securing services and access to programs and opportunities for students who have or may have disabilities; or (3) confusion about student rights under the applicable Federal disability laws. As a result, some school officials may violate the Federal civil rights laws that are designed to protect students with disabilities. Similarly, some parents do not know what services and protections their children with disabilities may be entitled to receive or how to appropriately initiate or follow the process and procedures for securing disability services for their children from the school.