PEACE AND STABILITY - African National Congress

1 National policy CONFERENCE | DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS. 5TH National policy . CONFERENCE. 30TH JUNE 5TH JULY 2017. GALLAGHER CONVENTION CENTRE, MIDRAND. THE YEAR OF OLIVER REGINALD TAMBO: LET US DEEPEN UNITY! PEACE AND STABILITY . DISCUSSION DOCUMENT. 8. National policy CONFERENCE | DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS. PEACE AND STABILITY 8. PEACE AND STABILITY . DISCUSSION PAPER. TOWARDS THE 5TH National policy CONFERENCE. INTRODUCTION the triple challenges of poverty, unemployment and 1. The discussion document looks at reviewing inequality. South Africa's economic performance and proposing new policy areas regarding PEACE continued to weaken in 2016. The situation was and STABILITY . It raises a number of critical issues, aggravated by the continued sluggish economic which warrant the attention of the African growth in major economies. The global economy National Congress ANC) as we move towards the is facing major headwinds and is struggling to ANC policy and 54rd National Conference.

2 The attain higher growth path. The growth trend in the discussion document will touch on the following emerging economies is recovering in countries such broad themes: as China, Brazil and Russia. PEACE and STABILITY is maintained within an acute economic environment l South Africa's State of PEACE and STABILITY owing to the country's sluggish GDP growth and since 1994. persistent contraction. This is exacerbated by l Identify and account on all PEACE and the long-standing triple challenges of poverty, STABILITY resolutions adopted at the 53rd unemployment and inequality. Central to these National conference. Tabulate what has challenges is the slow economic transformation, been achieved, implemented, and where which continues to undermine the political challenges still prevail. transformation as realised. l Identify areas within PEACE and STABILITY where policy needs review, amendment or Activities of Foreign Forces seeking to undermine introduction of new policy .

3 Our revolutionary Advance (Foreign Intelligence Services (FIS). 3. There is a concerted effort many foreign state and SOUTH African 'S STATE OF PEACE . non-state actors who have launched an aggressive AND STABILITY SINCE 1994. onslaught to former liberation movements in 2. Our departure point as ANC is that South Africa is our region, the ANC is not an exception. In relative stabile compared to many countries of the addition to economic weaknesses, our security African continent and the world. Despite our relative assessment identified the activities of the Foreign STABILITY , our security assessment identifies economic Intelligence Services (FIS) as an overarching weaknesses as one of the key threats to National threat undermining our National security and security and interests because it is at the centre of National interest. During the past year, they 1. National policy CONFERENCE | DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS.)

4 Continued their efforts, in close collaboration with negative domestic forces, to undermine our o Current diplomatic immunities and privileges democratic and constitutional advances. The creates a loophole and opportunities for modus operandi of FISs is through penetration, exploitation by diplomats. There is need to influencing, manipulation and ultimately subversion tighten the standard operation procedures to in the quest to advance and promote their National avoid abuse. interests. These attacks may result in the diversion o There is a need to deal with the high trend of governance and the possibility that the broader purpose of government will be hijacked by those of espionage, subversion, propaganda and with ulterior agendas, sectarian interests and information peddling by those controlling the nefarious intent. public spaces. 4. If the state is weakened, it will be increasingly vulnerable to institutional penetration by foreign 6.

5 Further, our security assessment identifies four broad categories of threats and those are: or hostile forces. The main strategy used by the l threats to the territorial integrity of the FISs is to mobilise the unsuspecting masses of this Republic, country to reject legally constituted structures and l threats to the authority of the state, institutions in order to advance unconstitutional l threat to the well-being and safety of South regime change. The alignment of the agendas of Africans and threat to the country's economic FISs and negative domestic forces threatens to development. undermine the authority and security of the state. Their general strategy makes use of a range of Threats to the country's territorial integrity role players to promote their agenda and these 7. In terms of threats to the country's territorial include, but are not limited to: mass media; non- integrity our assessment identified two of them and governmental organisations and community-based those are: organisations; foreign and multinational companies; l challenges in the management of migration.

6 Funding of opposition activities; Judiciary, l management and control of the border religious and student organisations; infiltration environment. and recruitment in key government departments;. placement of non-South Africans in key positions 8. As a country we continue to experience the high in departments; prominent influential persons; and entry of economic migrants into the country who punning of covert intelligence networks and covert claims to be asylum seekers. As a result, they action on our soil. continue to saturate our urban and per-urban centres, hence their intensification of moving into the rural 5. In essence, FISs work with their partners inside the parts of the country. Despite all interventions, it country to ensure that the ANC led Government is is evident that South Africa remains the preferred unable to implement any policy that runs counter destination of economic migrants in Southern to their policies and strategic objectives, and is Africa.

7 This is complicated by the vulnerability of prevented from adopting independent positions our land borders of which the SANDF managed in regional and international forums. Given our to deploy only 13 of the required 22 infantry influence on the global stage, our geo-political companies due to financial constraints. Further, positioning, our land, food and future energy our vulnerability in monitoring the airspace allows plans, FISs will continue to prioritise South Africa its misuse with people conducting illegal activities for intelligence collection. As the gateway to the for their own nefarious personal intent. African continent, our detractors believe that their efforts to control and manipulate South Africa will 9. Since 1994, our maritime environment continues to enable them to control the whole African continent, experience inadequate patrols, insufficient coverage advance their agendas and expand their spheres of maritime zones and non-adherence to regulations influence.

8 And legislative provisions. Proposed points discussion: Proposed discussion: o The nature of the current laws dealing with the o Speedy implementation of the Border above matter do not impose strong criminal Management Authority (BMA) to fast track the sentences to serve as deterrent. There is a need integration mechanism and educate members for such laws to be tightened. of the branch on its benefits. 2. National policy CONFERENCE | DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS. Threats to the well-being and safety of South o Management of migration taking into account Africans protection of low skilled jobs and certain 12. In terms of threats to the well-being and safety of economic sectors in the interest of locals. South Africans, our assessment identifies four of them and those are: o Dealing with issue of crime and xenophobia. l the non-traditional security threats (water, food o Increased capacity and budget of the security and energy challenges).

9 Cluster to effectively deal with the territorial l International terrorism integrity of the country. l violent extremism, l transnational organised crime l Narcotics. Threats to the authority of the State 10. In terms of threats to the authority of the State, 13. Given the nexus between water, food and our security assessment identifies seven of them energy security, the government faces a daunting and those are : challenges to ensure the sustainable flow of these l violent community protests, services. This obligation remains threatened by the recent drought which struck the entire sub-Saharan l violent industrial action, Africa. Further, South Africa continues to grabble l instability in the transport sector, with the threat of terrorism and violent extremism. l instability in the education sector, l cyber-security challenges, 14. We are gradually moving away from just being a l undue activities of the private security industry planning, fundraising and launching pad for terrorist l inability to secure information and critical groups to a recruitment base for foreign terrorist infrastructure.

10 Fighters. This is characterised by the targeted internet recruitment of our unsuspecting youth, 11. Although community protests are provided high-jacking of mosques by radical preachers and for in the country's legislative framework, of the accelerated expansion of suspicious faith based National security concern is the planned violence groupings. This is complicated by government's accompanying the protests. However, since 1994 omission to register and monitor the activities of the triggers of community protests have not religious groups and their subsidiaries. changed and these include demand for water, electricity, housing and employment opportunities. 15. In terms of organised crime; a worrying trend is the Emerging triggers include demarcations issues and unprecedented growth of gangs and their activities. the demand for free quality higher education for They are now fully operational in all provinces, all.