Pervasive.SQL User's Guide

1 User s GuideGuide to Using Software, Riata Trace ParkwayBuilding IIAustin, TX 78727 USAT elephone: +1 512 231 6000 or 800 287 4383 Fax: +1 512 231 6010E-Mail: Copyright 2001 Pervasive Software Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction, photocopying, or transmittal of this publication, or portions of this publication, is prohibited without the express prior written consent of the product includes software developed by Powerdog Industries. Copyright 1994 Powerdog Industries. All rights ODBC Driver Manager for NetWare ( ) included in this product is based on the GNU iODBC software Copyright 1995 by Ke Jin and was modified by Simba Technologies Inc. in June library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

2 See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License is included in your installation of 2000i at \pvsw\doc\ If you cannot find this license, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA. You may contact Pervasive Software Inc. using the contact information on the back cover of this User s GuideMarch 2001100-003672-004disclaimerPERVASIVE SOFTWARE INC. LICENSES THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION PRODUCT TO YOU OR YOUR COMPANY SOLELY ON AN AS IS BASIS AND SOLELY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE ACCOMPANYING LICENSE AGREEMENT. PERVASIVE SOFTWARE INC. MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING THE SOFTWARE OR THE CONTENT OF THE DOCUMENTATION; PERVASIVE SOFTWARE INC.

3 HEREBY EXPRESSLY STATES AND YOU OR YOUR COMPANY ACKNOWLEDGES THAT PERVASIVE SOFTWARE INC. DOES NOT MAKE ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH RESPECT TO MERCHANTABILITY, TITLE, OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR ARISING FROM COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE, AMONG , Tango, Client/Server in a Box, and the Pervasive Software logo are registered trademarks of Pervasive Software on Pervasive, Built on Pervasive Software, Extranet in a Box, , Jtrieve, Plug n Play Databases, SmartScout, Solution Network, Ultra-light Z-DBA, Z-DBA, ZDBA, UltraLight, MicroKernel Database Engine, and MicroKernel Database Architecture are trademarks of Pervasive Software , MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Win32, Win32s, and Visual Basic are registered trademarks of Microsoft 95 is a trademark of Microsoft and Novell are registered trademarks of Novell, Loadable Module, NLM, Novell DOS, Transaction Tracking System, and TTS are trademarks of Novell, other company and product names are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective This Manual.

4 IxWho Should Read This Manual .. xManual Organization .. xiConventions .. xii1 Introducing .. 1-1 Understanding and its CapabilitiesUnderstanding .. 1-2 What is a Database? .. 1-2 What is a Database Management System? .. 1-3 Components of .. 1-3 Key Concepts .. 1-5 Basic Database Structures and Terms .. 1-5 Unique Benefits of .. 1-8 Why .. 1-10 Understanding the Product Family .. 1-12 Workstation .. 1-12 Workgroup .. 1-13 Server .. 1-13 Replication .. 1-14 Crystal Reports for .. 1-15 Helpful Utilities .. 1-16 Using Documentation .. 1-18 Getting Started Guides.. 1-18 User s Guide .. 1-19 Advanced Operations Guide .. 1-19 SQL Engine Reference .. 1-19 Status Codes and Messages.

5 1-19 Pervasive Products and Services .. 1-20 Online Help.. 1-20 File System Security .. 1-212 Using .. 2-1A Walk-through of Basic User TasksStarting and Stopping the Database Engine.. 2-2 Starting and Stopping Services on Windows Server .. 2-3 Starting and Stopping Services on NetWare .. 2-4 Starting and Stopping Services on Unix .. 2-5 Granting Administrative Rights for the Database Engine .. 2-6 Tasks Requiring Administrative Rights.. 2-6ivContentsHow Administrative Rights are Granted .. 2-6 Rights Provided to Normal Users .. 2-6 Granting Administrative Rights on Windows Server .. 2-9 Granting Administrative Rights on NetWare .. 2-11 Granting Administrator Rights on NetWare or .. 2-11 Granting Administrator Rights on Unix.

6 2-12 Logging in as Administrator .. 2-13 Setting Up ODBC Database Access .. 2-14 Basic Concepts.. 2-14 What to Know if You are Recreating DSNs .. 2-17 Prerequisites to Setting up Database Access .. 2-17 Setting Up Database Access on a Windows Server or Workgroup/Workstation .. 2-19 Setting Up Database Access on a NetWare Server .. 2-28 Setting Up Database Access on Unix .. 2-36 Setting Up Client Access .. 2-39 Accessing Data via ODBC From Other Applications .. 2-46 Before You Begin .. 2-46 Accessing Data Using Microsoft Excel .. 2-46 Accessing Data Using Microsoft Access .. 2-49 Deleting DSNs .. 2-53 Bound Databases and Enforced Integrity .. 2-563 Using the Pervasive Control Center .. 3-1A Brief Tour of Pervasive Control CenterAn Overview of Pervasive Control Center.

7 3-2 Registering or Removing a Server.. 3-4 Viewing Database Engines.. 3-7 Interpreting Server Status Icons .. 3-7 Pervasive Control Center Wizards .. 3-9 Adding or Creating a Database .. 3-11 Deleting a Database .. 3-15 Adding a Table .. 3-18 Modifying a Table Definition .. 3-25 Dropping a Table.. 3-29 Setting Database Security .. 3-31 Turning Security On and Off .. 3-31 Working with Groups and Users.. 3-32 Stopping and Restarting Services on Windows Servers .. 3-38 Viewing and Modifying Table Properties .. 3-39 Viewing and Modifying Data .. 3-42 Viewing Data .. 3-42 Writing and Executing SQL Statements .. 3-42 Using the SQL Statement Builder .. 3-45 Exporting/Importing Data .. 3-46 Checking Consistency and Referential Integrity.

8 3-54vContentsListing Referential Constraints .. 3-54 Checking Consistency .. 3-55 Checking Referential Integrity .. 3-574 Unix Supplementary Documentation .. 4-1 Additional Information on Unix UtilitiesUser Manual Exclusions for Unix .. 4-2 Utilities .. 4-2 Changes and Exclusions .. 4-2 Man Pages .. 4-4 Available Utilities .. 4-55 Basic Troubleshooting .. 5-1 How to Identify and Solve Common ProblemsGeneral Troubleshooting .. 5-2 Error Messages from PCC .. 5-8 Frequently Asked Questions .. 5-12 installation .. 5-15 Security .. 5-17 Documentation.. 5-17 User Counts .. 5-18 Networking .. 5-19 Difficulty Accessing Data .. 5-19 ODBC and DDFs .. 5-21 Upgrading from Btrieve .. 5-27 Upgrading and Migration.

9 5-28 Miscellaneous.. Resources and Contacts .. 6-1A Guide to Customer Information ResourcesPrinted Documentation .. 6-2 Developer Zone .. Knowledge Base .. 6-4 FTP Site .. 6-5 Online Documentation .. 6-6 DevWire .. 6-7 DevTalk .. 6-8 Newsgroup .. 6-9E-Mail .. 6-10 Technical Support.. 6-11viFigures2-1 Windows NT Services Dialog Box .. 2-32-2 User Manager Dialog Box .. 2-92-3 Connect to Remote Server Dialog Box .. 2-132-4 DSNs Needed for Server Engine .. 2-152-5 DSNs Needed for Workstation/Workgroup Engine .. 2-152-6 Registering a New Engine.. 2-192-7 Choosing a Computer Name .. 2-202-8 Choosing a Computer Name from a Network List .. 2-202-9 Create an Engine DSN and Connect to a Server Database.

10 2-222-10 Naming the New Database on the Server .. 2-232-11 Create Database Wizard Complete .. 2-242-12 Advanced Settings Window .. 2-252-13 Create DBNAME Window .. 2-262-14 Registering a New Engine.. 2-282-15 Choosing a Computer Name .. 2-292-16 Choosing a Computer Name from a Network List .. 2-292-17 Create an Engine DSN and Connect to a Server Database .. 2-302-18 Naming the New Database on the Server .. 2-312-19 Create Database Wizard Complete .. 2-322-20 Advanced Settings Window .. 2-332-21 Create DBNAME Window .. 2-342-22 Registering a New Engine.. 2-392-23 Choosing a Computer Name .. 2-402-24 Choosing a Computer Name from a Network List .. 2-402-25 Create Database Wizard Client DSN .. 2-412-26 Create Database Wizard Client DSN Confirmation.