ΑΠΟΔΙΕΓΕΡΣΗ ΑΤΟΜΟΥ Η - physics.auth.gr

1 E> 0: e- e- e= 0: e- n = e< 0: e- e-n = 1,2,3,.. 1 e- 2,3,.. e- > > 0 < ( eV).

2 - e- ( ) = h ( ) 10-8sec . - e- h = ( )E e- -E -e( Auger)M e.

3 Franck Hertz [1913][ ] e- Bohr [ ] ==22111nmRkH n>m Rydberg(1889)() ==22342220112411nmchemZk.

4 E- 10-8sec e- .. e- >>10-8sec e- . - . g g.

5 Hg Hg , = - =h 0 p = h 0/c = /c Hg [ pA= p ]. Hg R= pA2/ 2mA= ( )2/ 2mAc2 ( ) =h = - R - ( ) =h = + R Hg 2 R Hg ?

6 ??? !!!!!! R= pA2/ 2mA= ( )2/ 2mAc2 : R=(10eV)2 /2 GeV 10-8eV Hg: ER=(100keV)2/400 GeV 10-2eV( ) ( ) : . Heis /2 . Heis /2 Heis /2 10-7eV( ) Doppler: Doppler ( /c) E = (2kT/mA)1/2 kT= H = 10-5c Doppler ( /c) E 10-4eV Hg = 10-6c Doppler ( /c) E 10-1eVLASER MASERL ight (Microwave)

7 Amplification byStimulatedEmission ofRadiation laser ~106km = 1030 laser :( ) ( 10-3sec).. [ ] [ ]( )

8 - + 2 1 1 2+ .. + 1 2 + + (lightamplification) LASERLASER [ ] Al2O3 o Cr2 3 RUBY-laser laser laser Cr Cr ( ~ 10-8 sec) Cr ( = sec)

9 5500 Xe LASER (6943 )LASER He Ne[]