同步辐射技术和应用 - pku.edu.cn

1 BSRF 2009/3/26 1947 700 MeV 1054 5 : zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzESRF APS Spring-8 ESRF X X 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 10241021101810151012109106 X Cu K X photons/s/mm2/mrad2 ) ps X X Nobel : 17 Bragg X SR 1.

2 X Bragg 2dSin =n X X X X X X X X 2006 RNA II 2003 1997 1988 - X X 150 31 KeV P-T-X .. X continues to present new questions and surprisesThe high-pressure behavior of waterVIIIC aiet al., PRL (2005)Chou et al., Science (1998)superionicSymmetricH-bondingLiquid -liquidamorphizationmodulationlaser-heat ingcryogenicresistive heatingambient0246 Temperature, 1000 KPressure, GPa1002003004005000coreJupiter4740 GPa 21800 KUranusNeptune terrestrial geotherm800 GPa7400 K580 GPa6500 K2250 GPa 15500 KSaturnmantleIn-Situ X-ray Probes X X ---2 ----1 BSRF ---10 X : X X X X X X (Small Angle X-ray Scattering, SAXS) (0 2 3 5 ) 1~100nm (r) X () =022sin)(4)(drqrqrrrVqI SAXS SAXS.

3 X 6 5 5 SAXS 1. 1D SAXS ( X )2. 2D SAXS ( X )3. SAXS/WAXS ( )4. USAXS ( )5. ASAXS ( )6. Time resolved SAXS ( )2. X XAFS X VUV 1. 1. XX 2. 2. XX 3. 3. XX 4. 4. XX X CMR X (eV)KL3L2L1 X- ( ) --> , , ---> Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy X EXAFS , XEnergy (eV) (eV)+ (eV)XAFS ( X-ray Absorption Fine Structure )EXAFS : += jjkRkjjjkkRSineekRkFNSkjj)](2[)()()(/222 2022 Debye-Wallerfactor 05101520-40-30-20-10010203040x k3 Wave vect or k (A-1)-20246810121416 FTR ( A)F T0 2 4 6 8 (A-1)IFTXANES.

4 X- X E-2 E-4 1000 >>>>+ =11 in , X CDI X 3 Lysozyme 1 2 3 4 LIGA 1. meV)2. : , 3. : 10nm)4. : CD5. 6. : ps .. Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility BSRF ( ) ( GeV )13# 12# 15# III IV SR BEPCBEPCII 120 mA40 GeV250 mA910 mABEPCII 18% 20% 17% 25% 12% 8% BSRF 1990 100 BSRF 204 28 88 16 44 2008 12 25 2009 1 20 XAFS 4B9A3B1A3W1A LIGA1W1B 1W21W14w14B94W23B14W1B4W1A4B9BX- BEPCII 3W1 X 4B84B7 VUV1W1A1W2 BIVIIIIII 1W1AX 141W1BX A F S251W2AX 191W2B 163B13B1 ALIGA43B1BX 03W1A 143W1B X 64W1AX 194W1BX 164W2 164B7A X 144B8 VUV 104B9AX 194B9B 12 2042008/12/25 -------2009/01/15 SR MAD PX XAFS SAXS CD XFL3W1 SAXSXAFSVUV X 1W2 SARSSARS SARSSARS--CoVCoV MMpro SARSSARS--CoVCoV MMpro

5 3d 2004 Nature, 449, 243 - 247 ( 2007)AvrPto-Pto X (1W1A)X (4B9A) (4W2) (1W2A)X (4W1A) XAS X-ray Absorption Structure X 4B9B 4B7A) X 1W1B) X 4W1B) VUV 4B8 120 360nm (4B9B) X 0123456720180T(oC) R( )FT(k2 ) K-edge normalized ML InAs/Si(001) (E) (arb. units)Energy (eV) XAFSQXAFS 4546474849108101107106105104103102X10000 X1000X100X10Si (220) Intensity (arb. units)2 (degree) GeSi 0 45 X 07 6 X LH2 LH2 SXAS SAXS T-700 SAXS SAXS << SAXS SAXS SAXS ARPES PES RPES XAS CFS CISX Science,32,1644(2006)

6 - 30 X X XAFS SAXS P-V-T P-T X T PDAC DAC 100 GPa300 - 3000K 100 GPa 50 GPa 2500K 1000K 62 GPa As 012345611850 11870 11890 11910 11930energy(eV) AS(V)AS(III)As(V) As(III) XRF X BSRF