(Population density) - NaNa-Bio.com

1 2 ( 40245) 1 (Population) 2 (single species) (mixed multiple species) (population) (population density) (natality) (mortality) (immigration) (emigration) 1.

2 2.. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. (Population density) 2 (crude density) (ecological density) 1. 5 500 = 500/5 = 100 2. 50 10 50,000 = 50,000/10 = 5,000 (population measurement) 2 (absolute density) (relative density) 2 ( 40245) 2 1.

3 (absolute density) 2 (total counts) (vertebrate) (sampling method) (quadrant) 37 30 30/37 = = ).

4 - (capture recapture) P = T2M1 M2 1. 2. 3. 2. (relative density) (index) 1.

5 2. 3. P = M1 = M 2= T2 = 2 ( 40245) 3 4.

6 5. 6. 7. 1. (natality or birth rate) (natality or birth rate) / / 1.

7 2. (fecundity) 3. (fertility) 2. (mortality or death rate) (survivorship curves) 1 2 I.

8 (ecological longevity) II. (physiological longevity) 2 ( 40245) 4 7 (aging) (physiological death) (low vitality) (accidents) ( ) ( ) (physicochemical conditions)

9 (natural enemies) (food shortage (lack of shelter) 3. (immigration and emigration) (immigration) (carrying capacity) (emigration) ( ))

10 (trivial or non-migratory) (migratory) 2 ( 40245) 5 2. (population dispersal) 3 (random spatial pattern) (uniform spatial pattern)