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Post-Colonial Studies: The Key Concepts, Second Edition - UNY

Post-Colonial STUDIES Not quite a dictionary but an invaluable reference tool nonetheless, its iden-tification ofkeyterms remains as useful as its definitions of those terms. Professor Antoinette Burton, University of IllinoisThis best-selling key guide, now in its Second Edition , provides anessential key to understanding the issues which characterize post-colonialism, explaining what it is, where it is encountered and why itis crucial in forging new cultural identities. As a subject, post-colonialstudies stands at the intersection of debates about race, colonialism,gender, politics and language. Key topics covered include: borderlands transnational literatures neo-imperialism neo-liberalism Studies: The Key Conceptsis fully updated and cross-referenced throughout. With additional further reading this book haseverything necessary for students and anyone keen to learn moreabout this fascinating Ashcroftteaches at the University of Hong Kong and theUniversity of NSW,Gareth Griffithsat the University of WesternAustralia andHelen Tiffinat Queen s University, Canada.

circumvent some of the perceived problems inherent in descriptions ... African American and post-colonial studies Agency Allegory Alterity Ambivalence Anti-colonialism Apartheid ... Magic realism Manicheanism Marginality Mestizo/mestizaje/métisse Metonymic gap Metropolis/metropolitan

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Transcription of Post-Colonial Studies: The Key Concepts, Second Edition - UNY

1 Post-Colonial STUDIES Not quite a dictionary but an invaluable reference tool nonetheless, its iden-tification ofkeyterms remains as useful as its definitions of those terms. Professor Antoinette Burton, University of IllinoisThis best-selling key guide, now in its Second Edition , provides anessential key to understanding the issues which characterize post-colonialism, explaining what it is, where it is encountered and why itis crucial in forging new cultural identities. As a subject, post-colonialstudies stands at the intersection of debates about race, colonialism,gender, politics and language. Key topics covered include: borderlands transnational literatures neo-imperialism neo-liberalism Studies: The Key Conceptsis fully updated and cross-referenced throughout. With additional further reading this book haseverything necessary for students and anyone keen to learn moreabout this fascinating Ashcroftteaches at the University of Hong Kong and theUniversity of NSW,Gareth Griffithsat the University of WesternAustralia andHelen Tiffinat Queen s University, Canada.

2 They arethe editors ofThe Post-Colonial Studies Readerand the authors ofThe Empire Writes Back, both published by Key ConceptsSecond editionBill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffithsand Helen TiffinFirst published 2000by Routledge2 Park Square, Milton Park,Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4 RNSecond Edition published 2007 Simultaneously published in the USA and Canadaby Routledge270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business 2000, 2007 Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths and Helen TiffinAll rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted orreproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,or other means, now known or hereafter invented, includingphotocopying and recording, or in any information storageor retrieval system, without permission in writingfrom the Library Cataloguing in Publication DataA catalogue record for this book is available from the British LibraryLibrary of Congress Cataloging in Publication DataAshcroft, Bill, 1946-Post colonial studies : the key concepts / Bill Ashcroft,Gareth Griffiths & Helen Tiffin.

3 2nd ed. published under title: Key concepts in Post-Colonial studies. Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge. Includes bibliographical references and Colonies Dictionaries. 2. Decolonization Postcolonialism Dictionaries. 4. Ethnic attitudes Race relations Dictionaries. I. Griffiths, Gareth, 1943 II. Tiffin, Ashcroft, Bill, 1946 . Key concepts in Post-Colonial studies. IV. 2008325 .303 dc222007018708 ISBN10: 0 415 42856 4 (hbk)ISBN10: 0 415 42855 6 (pbk)ISBN10: 0 203 44997 5 (ebk)ISBN13: 978 0 415 42856 9 (hbk)ISBN13: 978 0 415 42855 2 (pbk)ISBN13: 978 0 203 44997 4 (ebk)This Edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2007. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge scollection of thousands of eBooks please go to ISBN 0-203-93347-8 Master e-book ISBNCONTENTSI ntroduction to the Second editionviiList of Key ConceptsxiKEY CONCEPTS1 Bibliography227 Name Index281 Subject Index287vINTRODUCTION TO THESECOND EDITIONS ince the publication ofPost-Colonial Studiesnearly ten years ago thesubject has expanded and diversified both in its impact and significance,in fields as varied as globalization, environmentalism, transnational-ism, the sacred, and even economics, through the significance of thespread of neo-liberalism.

4 The controversies in the field, particularly,circulating around the term Post-Colonial /postcolonial itself continueunabated, but the relevance of neo-imperialism and the issues emerg-ing from the engagements of post-colonized societies in a glocal agehave demonstrated the usefulness of Post-Colonial analysis. From theperspective of this decade it is possible to look back at the 1990s andsee how important the humanities in general and post-colonialdiscourse in particular were to developing a new language to addressthe problems of global culture and the relationships between localcultures and global occurred because the classical narrativesof Modernity in which social theory was mired dependency theoryand centre periphery models were unable to explain the multi-directional flow of global exchanges, a flow that was most noticeablein cultural significant example of this multi-directionalflow is the phenomenon of the Black Atlantic, which reveals theamazing complexity and productivity of african cultures in theAtlantic.

5 The history of such flows reveals that the multi-directionaland transcultural nature of global culture is not a new of the issues and problems surrounding the topic of global-ization (the place of the glocal ;the function of local agency under thepressure of global forces; the role of imperialism in globalization; theconnection between imperialism and neoliberal economics) areaddressed,and continue to be addressed by the Post-Colonial analysis ofimperial power. Thus, although we need to be careful about falselyprescribing Post-Colonial theory as a panacea,and should keep in mindthe firm grounding of Post-Colonial discourse in the historicalviiphenomenon of colonialism, the field of Post-Colonial studies hasprovided useful strategies for a wider field of global analysis. Post-Colonial literary and cultural production in particular has demon-strated the insistent reality of local agency, an agency that can addresssimple dualistic approaches to the local and of the most persistent and controversial topics of contem-porary politics is the issue of the environment.

6 Global warminghas demonstrated the devastating effects of the industrial revolutionand the unfettered pursuit of capital expansion. The environment,and attendant topics such as ecofeminism, ecological imperialism,environmentalism, speciesism have all taken an increasingly prominentplace in Post-Colonial thought because it has become clear that thereis a direct connection between colonialist treatment of indigenousflora and fauna and treatment of colonized and otherwise dominatedsubjects and societies. The devastation of colonized place (and poten-tially of the planet) paved the way for the devastation of the destruction of the physical and human environments havebecome the same , Post-Colonial theory has been found useful in examin-ing a variety of colonial relationship beyond the classic colonizingactivities of the British concept of boundaries and bordershas been crucial in the imperial occupation and domination of indige-nous space.

7 And the question of borders and borderlands has nowbecome a pressing issue in an age of increasingly hysterical border pro-tection. Cultural borders are becoming recognized as a critical regionof colonial and neo-colonial domination, of cultural erosion, and ofclass and economic marginalization. The field of Post-Colonial studiesnow includes the vexed subjects of contemporary neo-colonialism:theidentities and relationships of Chicano,Latino and hybrid subjectivitiesof various kinds. These subjects, who slip between the boundaries ofthe grand narratives of history and nation, are becoming an increas-ingly important constituency for Post-Colonial issue that has become more prominent, because morecomplex than previously regarded, is the issue of the sacred. Religion,the impact of missions and the nature and function of a post-colonialsacred are becoming increasingly prevalent in what some refer toas a post-secular age.

8 There can be no doubt that the aggressivearticulation of religious dogma,the failure of dialogue and the increas-ingly polarized globe have offered unprecedented global dangers. Butthese realities also offer opportunities for an analysis of the kinds ofcomplex hybridized developments of the sacred that have beenrevealed by Post-Colonial TO THE Second Edition viiiOne of the terms emerging from Post-Colonial studies seems tocircumvent some of the perceived problems inherent in descriptionssuch as Post-Colonial and diaspora. Transnational as an adjectiveis growing in use since it extends to migrant, diasporic and refugeecommunities not directly emerging from the colonial increasing flow of populations, the mobility of individuals, theincreased crossing of borders and the blurring of the concept of home have produced a range of transnational literatures and otherforms of cultural production that extend the field of the post-colonialin productive more familiar terms in Post-Colonial studies have beenincluded in this Second Edition , such as double colonization , firstnations and translation.

9 Others, such as whiteness have alreadyblossomed into a virtual field of their own. Many of these terms arecentral to Post-Colonial studies, others are shared with other fieldsof study; some, like race are broader than Post-Colonial studies all the words in this Key Concepts will be used at some stage inthe field and will be useful for students and writers as they engage thisincreasingly vibrant TO THE Second EDITIONixAboriginal/indigenous peoplesAbrogationAfrican american andpost-colonial studiesAgencyAllegoryAlterityAmbivalence Anti-colonialismApartheidAppropriationAu thentic/authenticityBinarismBlack AtlanticBlack Studies/blackconsciousnessBorderlandsCan nibalCaribbean/West IndianCartographyCatachresisCatalysisCen tre/margin (periphery)ChromatismClass and post-colonialismColonial desireColonial discourseColonial patronageColonialismCommonwealthCommonwe alth LiteratureCompradorContact zoneContrapuntal readingCounter-discourseCreoleCreolizati onCulturaldiversity/culturaldifferenceCu ltural tourismDecolonizationDependency theoryDeracinateDiasporaDiscourseDisloca tionDouble colonizationEcofeminismEcological imperialismEmpireEnvironmentalismEssenti alism/strategicessentialismEthnicityEthn ographyEthno-psychiatry/ethno-psychology EurocentrismExileExotic/exoticismxiLIST OF KEY CONCEPTSE xploration and travelFanonismFeminism and post-colonialismFiliation/affiliationFir st nationsFrontierGlobalizationGlocalizatio n Going native HegemonyHybridityImperialismIndentured labourIndependenceInterpellationLiminali tyMagic realismManicheanismMarginalityMestizo/me stizaje/m tisseMetonymic gapMetropolis/metropolitanMiddle

10 PassageMimicryMiscegenationMissions and colonialismModernism and post-colonialismModernityMulattoMultitud eNation languageNation/nationalismNational allegoryNational liberation movementsNativeNativismN gritudeNeo-colonialism/neo-imperialismNe o-liberalismNew LiteraturesOralityOrientalismOtherOtheri ngPalimpsestPidgins/creolesPlacePost-col onial bodyPost-colonialism/PostcolonialismPost -colonial readingPost-colonial statePostcolonyPrimitivismRaceRastafaria nismReligion and the post-colonialRhizomeSavage/civilizedSett lerSettler colonySlave/slaverySpeciesismSubalternSu bject/subjectivitySurveillanceSyncretism SynergyTestimonioThird World (First, Second ,Fourth)TransculturationTransnatio nal literaturesTranslationUniversalism/unive rsalityWashington ConsensusWhitenessWorld system theoryWorldingLIST OF KEY CONCEPTSxiiPOST-COLONIAL STUDIESABORIGINAL/INDIGENOUS PEOPLESI ndigenous peoples are those born in a place or region (OED).