PROJECT ON PEPPER PRODUCTION IN IDUKKI DISTRICT OF …

1 1 PROJECT ON PEPPER PRODUCTION IN IDUKKI DISTRICT OF KERALA under national horticulture mission implemented BY SPICES BOARD GOVT. OF INDIA PROJECT PLAN CONTAINING BACKGROUND, PROFILE , MODE OF IMPLEMENTATION AND WORKING PROCEDURE OF THE PROJECT 2 C O N T E N T S PART-A : BACKGROUND & PROFILE OF THE PROJECT ? Chronicle of the PROJECT ? Introduction ? Climate and Soil/Varieties/Propagation/Standards used ? PEPPER PRODUCTION System in India ? Indian PEPPER Exports facing challenge ? SWOT Analysis of Indian PEPPER Industry ?

2 Issues to be addressed and challenges to be met with ? IDUKKI DISTRICT at a Glance ? PRODUCTION and Area under PEPPER in IDUKKI DISTRICT ? Objective and Outcome ? Activity Components ? Area of Operation ? Baseline Survey ? Physical & Financial Outlay PART-B : MODE OF IMPLEMENTATION & WORKING PROCEDURE ? Implementation and Implementing Department of the PROJECT ? PRODUCTION of Planting Material ? Replanting/Rejuvenation ? Construction of Vermicompost Units ? Promotion of Integrated Pest Management ? Human Resources Development ? Functional Infrastructure ?

3 Implementation Cost ? General Instructions ? Statement on year-wise coverage Annexes ? Taluks & Villages ? Blocks & Panchayats 3 PART-A CHRONICLE OF THE PROJECT Initial Proposal to MOC : vide letter to meet competitive threat 01/07-08/4581 caused by ASEAN FTA Modified Proposal to NHM : 30-01-2009 vide letter based on NHM Norms ASEAN/08/9232 Revised Proposal to NHM : 06-02-2009 Revised Proposal to NHM : 18-02-2009 through SHM Approval from NHM : Vide letter Dated 31st March 2009 from Ministry of Agriculture, Dept.

4 Of Agriculture and Cooperation ( horticulture Division) Krishi Bhavan New Delhi Total Approved PROJECT Cost : crores Approved Financial Assistance : crores from NHM Implementation period : Five years from 2008-09 to 2012-13 as per approval from NHM but the PROJECT will be completed only by 2013-14 since the formal approval has been received only on PROJECT Area : IDUKKI DISTRICT of Kerala Implementing Agency.

5 Spices Board Ministry of Commerce & Industry Cochin 4 Introduction Black PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.) famous as Black Gold and also known as King of Spices is one of the important agricultural commodities of commerce and trade in India since pre-historic period. The crop is the major source of income and employment for rural households in the predominantly PEPPER growing State of Kerala where more than lakh farm families are involved in PEPPER cultivation. Karnataka, Tamil Nadu are the other major PEPPER producing States in the country.

6 Kerala accounts for 80-90% of the total PEPPER PRODUCTION in the country. IDUKKI and Wynadu are the two major PEPPER producing districts in Kerala. The estimated area under PEPPER in India is 2,36,180 hectares (2006-07) and the estimated PRODUCTION is 50,000 tons (2007-08). The PRODUCTION of Indian PEPPER has come down from 80,000 tons (2002) to 50,000 tons (2007-08 estimates). Climate and Soil Black PEPPER is a plant of humid tropics requiring adequate rainfall and humidity. The hot and humid climate of sub-mountainous tracts of Western ghats is ideal for its cultivation.

7 It grows successfully between 20o North and South latitude and from sea level up to 1500 metres above sea level. The crop tolerates temperature between 10o and 40oC. A well distributed annual rainfall of 125-200 cm is ideal for the crop. Ideal pH ranges from to Varieties Over 75 cultivars of Black PEPPER are being cultivated in India. Karimunda is the most popular of all cultivars in Kerala. The other important cultivars are Kottanadan (South Kerala), Narayakodi (Central 5 Kerala), Aimperian (Wynadu), Neelamundi ( IDUKKI ), Kuthiravally (Kozhikode and IDUKKI ), Balankotta, Kalluvally (North Kerala).

8 Sixteen improved varieties of Black PEPPER have been released for cultivation from PEPPER Research Station, Panniyur, Kerala and Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut such as Panniyur -1 to 7, Sreekara, Subhakara, Panchami, Pournami, PLD-2, Sakthi, Thevam, Girimunda and Malabar. Propagation Stem cuttings and rooted cuttings from runner shoots are mainly used. Terminal shoots can also be used. Standards Used for Growing Vines Erythrina Sp. (Murikku) or Garuga pinnata (Kilinjil) or Grevillea robusta or Glyricidia sps.

9 PEPPER PRODUCTION System in India PEPPER is a native of the Western Ghats in India, and is being produced: i. as a backyard crop in every compound ii. as a mixed or intercrop trailed on various trees (including arecanut and coconut) in the garden and homesteads iii. as a pure crop on slopes and in valleys of low hills iv. as a mixed crop on shade trees in cardamom, tea and coffee plantations 6 The commonly observed cultivation system in Kerala is the extensive homestead cultivation where PEPPER cultivation is taken up as a secondary crop interspersed with several other crops.

10 Indian PEPPER Exports Facing Challenge Major producers other than India are Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Cambodia and China. Out of the world PRODUCTION of 2,62,900 tons (2008 projection) Indian share is estimated at 50,000 tons. World export estimated is 1,90,800 tons (2008-projection). The balance is consumed within the producing countries. South East Asian countries like Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand and China are emerging as major producers of PEPPER and their domestic consumption is practically nil.