PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS (SI UNITS) - …

1 table A 1 Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point propertiesTable A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gasesTable A 3 Properties of common liquids, solids,and foodsTable A 4 Saturated water Temperature tableTable A 5 Saturated water Pressure tableTable A 6 Superheated waterTable A 7 Compressed liquid waterTable A 8 Saturated ice water vaporFigure A 9T-sdiagram for waterFigure A 10 Mollier diagram for waterTable A 11 Saturated refrigerant-134a Temperature tableTable A 12 Saturated refrigerant-134a Pressure tableTable A 13 Superheated refrigerant-134aFigure A 14P-hdiagram for refrigerant-134aFigure A 15 Nelson Obert generalized compressibility chartTable A 16 Properties of the atmosphere at highaltitudeTable A 17 Ideal-gas properties of airTable A 18 Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2 table A 19 Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2 table A 20 Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide,CO2 table A 21 Ideal-gas properties of carbon monoxide, COTable A 22 Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H2 table A 23 Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H2 OTable A 24 Ideal-gas properties of monatomic oxygen, OTable A 25 Ideal-gas properties of hydroxyl, OHTable A 26 Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs functionof formation, and absolute entropy at25 C, 1 atmTable A 27 Properties of some common fuels andhydrocarbonsTable A 28 Natural logarithms of the equilibriumconstant KpFigure A 29 Generalized enthalpy departure chartFigure A 30 Generalized entropy departure chartFigure A 31 Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total pressureTable A 32 One-dimensional isentropic compressible-flow functions for an ideal gas with k A 33 One-dimensional normal-shock functions for an ideal gas with k A 34 Rayleigh flow functions for an idealgas with k TABLES AND CHARTS ( si units ) 12/18/09 10.

2 05 AM Page 907 table A 1 Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point propertiesGasCritical-point propertiesMolar mass,constant,Temperature,Pressure,Volum e,SubstanceFormulaMkg/kmolRkJ/kg K*KMPam3/kmolAir (R-12) (R-21) (normal) (R-134a) (R-11) *The unit kJ/kg K is equivalent to kPa m3/kg K. The gas constant is calculated from R Ru/M, where Ru kJ/kmol K and Mis the molar :K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review52 (1953), pp. 117 236; and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals(Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp. and TABLES AND 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 908 table A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases(a) At 300 KGas constant, RcpcvGasFormulakJ/kg KkJ/kg KkJ/kg KkAir :The unit kJ/kg K is equivalent to kJ/kg : Chemical and Process Thermodynamics3/E by Kyle, B. G., 2000. Adapted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 909 table A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Continued)(b) At various temperaturescpcvcpcvcpcvTemperature,kJ/k g KkJ/kg KkkJ/kg KkJ/kg KkkJ/kg KkJ/kg KkKAirCarbon dioxide, CO2 Carbon monoxide, , H2 Nitrogen, N2 Oxygen, :Kenneth Wark, Thermodynamics,4th ed.

3 (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1983), p. 783, table A 4M. Originally published in TABLES of Thermal Properties of Gases,NBS Circular 564, TABLES AND 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 910911 APPENDIX 1 table A 2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases (Concluded)(c) As a function of temperature_cp a bT cT2 dT3(Tin K, cpin kJ/kmol K)Temperature% errorSubstanceFormulaabcdrange, KMax. 10 10 5 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 5 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 10 5 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 10 2 10 10 9273 :B.

4 G. Kyle, Chemical and Process Thermodynamics(Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984). Used with 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 911 table A 3 Properties of common liquids, solids, and foods(a) LiquidsBoiling data at 1 atmFreezing dataLiquid propertiesNormalLatent heat ofLatent heatSpecificboilingvaporizationFreezingo f fusionTemperature,DensityheatSubstancepo int, Chfg, kJ/kgpoint, Chif, kJ/kg Cr, kg/m3cp, kJ/kg KAmmonia (20% sodiumchloride by mass) dioxide * (at 0 C) 293251 , (light) 230 * Sublimation temperature. (At pressures below the triple-point pressure of 518 kPa, carbon dioxide exists as a solid or gas. Also, the freezing-point temperatureof carbon dioxide is the triple-point temperature of C.)912 PROPERTY TABLES AND 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 912 table A 3 Properties of common liquids, solids, and foods (Concluded)(b) Solids (values are for room temperature unless indicated otherwise)Density,Specific heat,Density,Specific heat,Substancerkg/m3cpkJ/kg KSubstancerkg/m3cpkJ/kg , , fireclay (500 C) K2, , , (76% Cu, 2% Zn,8, Al) , yellow (65% Cu,8, or plaster Zn)IceCopper200 173 100 50 C8, (Douglas Fir) , (soft) , (hard) , , , , hard (maple, oak, etc.)

5 , mild7, , soft (fir, pine, etc.) , (c) FoodsSpecific heat,Specific heat,kJ/kg KLatentkJ/kg KLatentWaterheat ofWaterheat ofcontent,Freezing AboveBelowfusion,content,Freezing AboveBelowfusion,Food% (mass) point, C freezing freezing kJ/kgFood% (mass) point, C freezing freezing kJ/kgApples84 , whole88 round67 fish64 , swiss39 , sweet74 , ripe94 , whole74 cream63 :Values are obtained from various handbooks and other sources or are calculated. Water content and freezing-point data of foods are from ASHRAE,Handbook of Fundamentals,SI version (Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), Chapter 30, table 1. Freezing point is the temperature at which freezing starts for fruits and vegetables, and the average freezing temperature for other 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 913 table A 4 Saturated water Temperature tableSpecific volume,Internal energy,Enthalpy,Entropy,m3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kgk J/kg ,press.

6 ,liquid,vapor,liquid,Evap., vapor,liquid,Evap.,vapor,liquid, Evap., vapor,T TABLES AND 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 914 table A 4 Saturated water Temperature table (Concluded)Specific volume,Internal energy,Enthalpy,Entropy,m3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kgk J/kg ,press.,liquid,vapor,liquid,Evap., vapor,liquid,Evap.,vapor,liquid, Evap., vapor,T , , , , , , , , , , , , 22, : TABLES A 4 through A 8 are generated using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software developed by S.

7 A. Klein and F. L. Alvarado. Theroutine used in calculations is the highly accurate Steam_IAPWS, which incorporates the 1995 Formulation for the Thermodynamic Properties of OrdinaryWater Substance for General and Scientific Use, issued by The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS). This formulationreplaces the 1984 formulation of Haar, Gallagher, and Kell (NBS/NRC Steam TABLES , Hemisphere Publishing Co., 1984), which is also available in EESas the routine STEAM. The new formulation is based on the correlations of Saul and Wagner (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 16, 893, 1987) with modifica-tions to adjust to the International Temperature Scale of 1990. The modifications are described by Wagner and Pruss (J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 22,783, 1993). The properties of ice are based on Hyland and Wexler, Formulations for the Thermodynamic Properties of the Saturated Phases of H2 Ofrom K to K, ASHRAE Trans., Part 2A, Paper 2793, 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 915 table A 5 Saturated water Pressure tableSpecific volume,Internal energy,Enthalpy,Entropy,m3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kgk J/kg , temp.

8 ,liquid,vapor,liquid,Evap.,vapor,liquid, Evap.,vapor,liquid, Evap., vapor,PkPaTsat

9 TABLES AND 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 916 table A 5 Saturated water Pressure table (Concluded)Specific volume,Internal energy,Enthalpy,Entropy,m3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kgk J/kg ,temp.,liquid,vapor,liquid,Evap.,vapor,l iquid,Evap.,vapor,liquid, Evap.,vapor,PkPaTsat , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 12/18/09 10.

10 05 AM Page 917918 PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTSTABLE A 6 Superheated waterTvuhsvuhsvuhs Cm3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kgkJ/kg Km3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kgkJ/kg Km3/kgkJ/kgkJ/kg kJ/kg KP MPa ( C)*P MPa ( C)P MPa ( C)Sat. MPa ( C)P MPa ( C)P MPa ( C) MPa ( C)P MPa ( C)P MPa ( C)