Protein Blotting Guide - Bio-Rad Laboratories

1 BEGINE lectrophoresis and BlottingProtein Blotting Guide 23 Theor y and Products Protein Blotting GuidePart 1 Theory and Products 5 Chapter 1 Overview of Protein Blotting 5 Transfer 6 Detection 6 General Considerations and Workflow 6 Chapter 2 Methods and Instrumentation 9 Protein Blotting Methods 10 Electrophoretic Transfer 10 Tank Blotting 10 Semi-Dry Blotting 11 Microfiltration (Dot Blotting )

2 Blotting Systems and Power Supplies 12 Tank Blotting Cells 12 Mini trans -Blot Cell and Criterion Blotter 12 trans -Blot Cell 12 trans -Blot Plus Cell 13 Semi-Dry Blotting Cells 13 trans -Blot SD Semi-Dry Cell 14 trans -Blot Turbo System 14 Microfiltration Apparatus 14 Bio-Dot and Bio-Dot SF Apparatus 14 Power Supplies for Electrophoretic Transfers 15 PowerPac HC Power Supply

3 15 PowerPac Universal Power Supply 15 Chapter 3 Membranes and Transfer Buffers 17 Membranes and Blotting Papers 18 Nitrocellulose and Supported Nitrocellulose 18 Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) 18 Immun-Blot and Immun-Blot LF PVDF for Western Blotting 18 Sequi-Blot PVDF for Protein Sequencing 18 Blotting Filter Papers 19 Membrane/Filter Paper Sandwiches 19 Transfer Buffers 19 Towbin and Bjerrum Schafer-Nielsen Buffers (Tris/Glycine Buffers)

4 20 CAPS Buffer 20 Discontinuous Tris-CAPS Buffer System (for Semi-Dry Transfer) 20 Dunn Carbonate Buffer 21 Other Buffers 21 Chapter 4 Transfer Conditions 23 General Workflow Electrophoretic Transfer 24 Power Conditions 24 Useful

5 Equations 24 Joule Heating and Other Factors Affecting Transfer 24 Relationship Between Power Settings and Transfer Times 24 High-Intensity Field Transfers 24 Standard Field Transfers 26 Selecting Power Supply Settings 26 Transfers Under Constant Voltage 26 Transfers Under Constant Current 26 Transfers Under Constant Power 26 General Guidelines for Transfer Buffers and Transfer Conditions 26 Chapter 5 Detection and Imaging 29 Total Protein Detection 31 Anionic Dyes 31 Fluorescent Protein Stains 31 Stain-Free Technology

6 32 Colloidal Gold 32 Immunodetection 32 Immunodetection Workflow 33 Blocking 33 Antibody Incubations 33 Washes 33 Antibody Selection and Dilution 34 Primary Antibodies 34 Species-Specific Secondary Antibodies 34 Antibody-Specific Ligands

7 34 Detection Methods 35 Colorimetric Detection 36 Premixed and Individual Colorimetric Substrates 38 Immun-Blot Assay Kits 38 Immun-Blot Amplified AP Kit 38 Opti-4CN and Amplified Opti-4CN Substrate and Detection Kits 38 Chemiluminescence Detection 38 Immun-Star AP Kits.

8 Clarity and Clarity Max Western ECL Substrates 40 Fluorescence Detection 40 Other Detection Methods 41 Bioluminescence 41 Chemifluorescence 42 Autoradiography 42 Immunogold Labeling 42 Stripping and Reprobing 42 Imaging Analysis and Documentation 43 Luminescence Detection

9 43 Digital Imaging for Fluorescence, Chemifluorescence, and Colorimetric Detection 44 Autoradiography 44 Analysis Software 44 Part 2 Methods 47 Protocols 48 Electrophoretic Transfers 48 Reagent

10 And Materials Preparation 48 Tank