Quad-generation from Landfill Gas at a …

1 Commercial ConfidentialPresentation to: Quad-generation from Landfill Gas at a Commercial Greenhouse31 January 2014 Presented by: Alakh Prasad, President & CEOQ uadrogen Power Systems, ConfidentialQuadrogen Overview Quadrogen has developed proprietary biogas clean-up technology and H2 Booster technology with support from NRC-IRAP. The full-scale sub-megawatt class biogas clean-up unit has been in operation for more than 2 years at OCSD WWTP, California. Received the Purchase Order for US $ million to clean-up biogas for a project in Wyoming, USA. A $ Quad-generation Demonstration project using Landfill gas is in progress. The project is supported by SDTC, BC ICE Fund, BCBN, BC Investment Agriculture Foundation and NRC-IRAP. Multiple sites under consideration for projects in Europe.

2 2 February 20142 Commercial ConfidentialThe Problem2 February 20143 Silica deposits in engine from siloxanes in fuelBiogas:50 - 60% Methane35 - 40% Carbon Dioxide0-11% NitrogenCase Study: Landfill Gas MWeinstalled /kWh maintenance cost< 70% availability of engines Annual Loss of Revenue:$ million@ 70% avail. and 10 /kWhBiogas is greenbut not cleanBiogas Contaminants: SiloxanesSulfur SpeciesHalogen SpecieVOCsWaterOxygenHigh maintenance, reduced revenues, reduced possibilitiesCommercial ConfidentialCritical link in the bioenergyvalue chain2 February 20144 Near term broad market applicationsOrganic wasteQuadrogen Gas CleaningOrganic wasteGas RecoveryGas CleaningCombined Power and HeatCO2 Fertilization for GreenhousesLiquid Bio-fuels(Bio-refinery)Bio-methaneCommer cial ConfidentialCritical part of gasificationtechnology2 February 20145 Mid-term market applicationsOrganic wasteCombined Power and Heat Liquid FuelsPetroleum CokeBiomassPlasticsMSWGas CleaningLow Cost FeedGasificationGas CleaningRaw SyngasClean SyngasCommercial ConfidentialC3P Technology62 February 2014 Water and contaminants separated via refrigeration- uses no adsorption mediaRaw BiogasCapturePolishingCondensingOrganic sulfur and other species converted to known set of compoundsConversionKnown species adsorbed on unique high-capacity mediaFinal chemisorption step polishes biogas of contaminants to trace levels(< 30 ppbv)

3 Ultra-Clean BiogasCommercial ConfidentialQuadrogen system at Orange County WWTP, California72 February 2014 Quadrogen Gas Clean up System InstalledCommercial ConfidentialIntegrated Biogas Clean-up System (IBCS)2 February 20148 Commercial ConfidentialBiogas Clean-up system at OCSD WWTP in California2 February 20149 Commercial ConfidentialQuadrogen System at OCSD WWTP, California102 February 2014 Successfully meeting stringent requirements since June 2011 Commercial ConfidentialBiogas Clean-up System Performance at OCSD WWTP11* Volume basis; siloxane species analyzed: D4, D5, D6, L2, and L3 to 100 ppbv detection limit2 February 2014ppbvlevel clean-upLonger life Reliable ultra-clean and lower O&M costCommercial Confidential15,000+hours of operation of Biogas Clean-up at OCSD WWTP2 February 201412No breakthrough yet and no maintenance requiredCommercial Confidential15,000+hours of operation of IBCS at OCSD WWTP Performance Since June 2011, the system has been running successfully.

4 The unit has accumulated more than 15,000 hours of operationat OCSD and processed more than 18 million cubic feet of biogas. We continue to receive data from FuelCell Energy, Inc. High level of performance being maintained exceeding the customer target. >All Sulfur species < 25 ppbv>All Siloxanes below non detectable level (< 100 ppbv)>All VOCs below non detectable level (< 10 ppbv)>All halides below non detectable level (< 10 ppbv) No major maintenance work has been done on the system February 201413 Commercial ConfidentialGas Clean-up system for MW Engine in Nanaimo2 February 201414 Landfill Gas Clean-up SystemInert Gas Generator System for regeneration of media bed Capacity to process Landfill gas 1000 Nm3/hour Regenerative media bed18 feet (L) x feet (W) x feet (high)** excluding exhaust pipe and Inert Gas GeneratorWith Inert Gas Generator height is 16 feetExpected Delivery Date.

5 30 March 2014 Commercial ConfidentialQuad- generation Demo Project in Delta, BC2 February 201415 Commercial ConfidentialQuadrogen Technologies for Quad-generation Demo Project2 February 201416 Commercial ConfidentialProposed Demonstration Project in Delta, BC172 February 2014 Demonstration Project SiteAll Village Farms Greenhouses > 100 acresCommercial ConfidentialProposed Project Site2 February 201418~ 80 x 80 project footprintLFG pipeline extensionCommercial ConfidentialQuad- generation Project Kick Off12 Feb 2013192 February 2014 Commercial ConfidentialQuad- generation Project - Site202 February 2014 Commercial ConfidentialMaterial and Energy Flow2 February 201421 Inputs Landfill Gas: ~ 100 standard cubic feet per minute(MAXIM pipeline carries up to 3,300 scfm) Air: ~2,500 lb/hr Water: ~ 1 gallon per minute for fuel cell Outputs Up to 300 kW electrical, GJ/hr thermal, 100 kg/day of renewablehydrogen, produced on demand Fuel cell exhaust: ~ 75% N2, 13% CO2, 8% O2, 4% steam(negligible NOx, SOx, CO, PM10, VOCs) Condensate from LFG: ~ gallons per hour, collected in above-grade tanks emptied periodically by a liquid-waste services contractor.

6 LFG contaminants adsorbed on long-lasting media (2+ yrs), then spent media is vacuumed into a solid waste truck for off-site recycling or disposal. Commercial ConfidentialNOxand SOxemissions2 February Fuel Cell CHP 80 % Fuel Cell 47% efficiency1, Gas Turbine (250 kW)1, (60 kW)2, US Fossil Fuel PlantCO2(lb/MWh)SOX(lb/MWh)NOX(lb/MWh) Fuel Cell CHP 80 % Fuel Cell 47% efficiency1, Gas Turbine (250 kW)1, (60 kW)2, US Fossil Fuel PlantCO2(lb/MWh)SOX(lb/MWh)NOX(lb/MWh)NO xand SOxare negligible compared to conventional technologiesCommercial ConfidentialSyngas - Nexterra Project at UBC2 MWe CHP Project at UBC. Started in June 2012 Quadrogen to provide syngas clean-up system with H2 Booster2 February 201423 Commercial ConfidentialProjects under Development2 February 201424 Contaminant RemovalCO2 SeparationN2 SeparationVehiclesPipelineBiogasRobust, high efficiency biomethane upgrading SystemTarget flow rate 300 scfm(500 Nm3/hr)Commercial ConfidentialFollow up, Questions2 February 201425 Quadrogen Power Systems, Inc.

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