Referencing Guide - NWU

1 NWUR eferencing GuideNWU HarvardNWU Faculty of Law House StyleAPAT hird editionAnneke Coetzee2020 North-West University Library and Information ServiceNWU Referencing GUIDENWU Referencing guideNWU HarvardNWU Faculty of Law House StyleAPA 2020 Library and Information ServiceNorth-West UniversityNo part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by electronic or mechanical means without prior written permission from the design by Karin Joubert (Graphic Services)Printed and bound by IvylineISBN 978-1-86822-707-5In its quest to maintain academic integrity , the North-West University adopted three Referencing styles for use by students and staff. They are: APA, NWU Harvard style, and the NWU Faculty of Law Referencing style. In support of this quest, the Library and Information Service has pleasure in providing support by way of making this Guide available to our is widely believed that new knowledge is built on existing knowledge which is recorded in books, journals and other channels of information.

2 When using such information, a user is expected to give credit to the source by way of citing the originators of such information. Failure to acknowledge the sources which one has consulted may result in academic malpractices such as plagiarism and may be punishable by law. This Guide will help our users with information on how to cite sources of information using any of the three Referencing styles adopted by the NWU. It is important for us to mention that in this edition of the Guide , updates were made in line with changes in the Harvard citation style. If you are not sure about which style to use, please consult your lecturer. The Library and Information Service also provides training on how to cite sources and how to use this Guide . If you are not sure about how to use the Guide , please contact your Faculty LIS would like to acknowledge the immense contribution of Ms Anneke Coetzee to this Guide , which includes a revision of the Harvard citation style as already mentioned above.

3 Our appreciation also goes to all the other colleagues who contributed to this Guide in one way or the !Dr Mathew MoyoPREFACEiNWU HARVARD 3 LAW 59 APA 85 NWU Referencing GUIDE1 NWU HARVARD3 CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION Plagiarism Purpose of textual references and reference list 52. TEXT REFERENCES Authors One author Two authors Three to seven authors More than seven authors More than one

4 Reference to the same author(s) in the same year Two authors with the same surname in the same year Anonymous author / No author indicated Organisation as author Direct quotations Indirect quotations / paraphrasing Secondary sources Text references to more than one source 143. THE REFERENCE LIST General principles Alphabetical arrangement Elements of a reference entry Authors Date of publication

5 Title and edition Title Edition (books) Publishing information (books) Place of publication Publisher Series (optional) 204.

6 REFERENCES TO SPECIFIC SOURCES IN THE REFERENCE LIST Books Books with editors Translations Chapter in a collected work Collected works with different dates Electronic books (e-books) E-readers eBooks from online libraries Chapter in an edited ebook Encyclopedias Printed encyclopedias Online encyclopedias Dictionaries

7 Dictionaries with an author(s) Dictionaries with an editor(s) or compiler(s) Dictionaries with an editor(s) or compiler(s), each entry written by different author(s) Online dictionaries Dictionaries on mobile apps Theses and dissertations Journal articles Online journal articles Journal articles in

8 Press Abstracts of journal articles Internet and other electronic information sources Articles from the world wide web Electronic newsletters Blogs Blog comments Social media Facebook Twitter Instagram Photographs, images and videorecordings on social media Audiovisual and other media on the internet Lecture notes on an LMS (eFundi)

9 Conference publications Conference proceedings published as a collection Conference papers published online Study guides Newspaper articles Newspaper articles in printed format Electronic newspaper articles Acts South African acts International acts Law reports Government publications Government Gazette Provincial

10 Gazette The Bible and other religious writings The Bible Bible commentaries The Quran Classical works Personal correspondence (interviews, letters, e-mail) Patents Standards