Reproductive Diseases in Cattle - bexar-tx.tamu.edu

1 Infected cow and then breed a clean cow soon occasionally become infected; this is usually exhibit-ed by a swollen testicle or scrotum. Producers using artifi-cial insemination should avoid semen from brucellosis-infected bulls. Their semen can infect is a widespread problem in the South,especially in unvaccinated herds. It causes repeat breeders,low-grade uterine infections, abortions, mastitis and occa-sionally systemic infection. Of the five or more strains ofthe organism, the three most common causing problems incattle are Leptospira pomona, Leptospira hardjoandLeptospira grippotyphosa.

2 Leptospirosis can build up unrecognized in a confined Cattle are particularly of urine from infected cows can infect normalcows after contact with the eye or mucous membranes ofthe nose or mouth. The disease infects more Cattle each day,preventing cows from settling and lengthening their calvingintervals. To prevent leptospirosis:nVaccinate Cattle with bacterins containing three orfive serotypes every six months;nDrain stagnant bodies of water; andnEliminate rodents, especially rats, from any barns orsheds where Cattle and BVD complexesInfectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and bovine virusdiarrhea (BVD) complexes are virus-caused diseasesresponsible for many abortions and possibly respiratoryinfections, pinkeye -type lesions and foot infertility may follow IBR because of vaginitisand/or a mild uterine these Diseases are so complex, be careful whenusing IBR and BVD vaccines.

3 Some vaccines may result inabortions. Before vaccinating, consult a veterinarian foradvice on the vaccination procedure for a particular herd. VibriosisVibriosis is a venereal disease causing infertility and,occasionally, abortion. It is caused by the bacteriumCampylobacter fetus, which lives in the crevices of a bull sprepuce (foreskin), but usually does not become establishedin the bull until it is about 4 years old or is spread from an infected bull to a cow duringthe breeding act. Bulls also may be infected by breedinginfected cows. Although semen from reputable bull studs isusually clean because of proper health examinations ofthe bulls and treatment of semen, this disease can be trans-mitted through artificial insemination if these precautionsare not , infected bulls can remain carriers for a longtime.

4 They also can be clean yet transmit the germ froman infected cow to a clean in females causes endometritis (infection of theinner lining of the uterus), resulting in failure to conceive ordeath of the embryo. Affected cows may conceive and notreturn to heat 21 days later. However, the newly formedembryo may then die, become absorbed by the cow andthen she may exhibit estrus from 27 to 53 days after breed-ing. Abortions late in gestation can occur, but are unusual. Diagnosis is difficult and depends on identifying cul-tures of the organism from the genitalia of the infected cowor bull, or from the abomasum (fourth stomach chamber) ofan aborted fetus.

5 Prevent vibriosis by vaccinating Cattle ,using artificial insemination, treating infected animals, orcombining all organism, Trichomonas fetus, causes tri-chomoniasis. It is also a venereal disease . Symptomsinclude occasional abortions and pyometra (pus in uterus)that impairs breeding efficiency. Pyometra develops afterthe infected cow s embryo dies. To treat the female, treat any uterine infection and pro-vide sexual rest. Usually a 90-day period of sexual resteliminates the organisms from the uterus. Vaccination isalso an option in use, test bulls, except virgins, through culturemethods at least three times at weekly intervals.

6 Using cleansemen from reputable bull studs also prevents semen containing the organism can cause infectionif put into the Causing Abortions in CattleState ofSamplesgestationneeded forDiseasesOrganismHow spreadat abortiondiagnosisVaccinationRemarksBruce llosis Bacterial Aborted fetuses,6-9 monthsBlood sampleLive vaccine inCull infected animals. Do(Brucella abortus)fetal membranesfrom abortingheifers at 4-12 not vaccinate ; fetus; LeptospirosisBacterial (At leastUrine of infectedAny stage,Sample 10 Every 6 monthsLaboratory should deter-5 serotypes)animals, abortedusually 6-9percent of herdat 2-4 weeksmine the type of leptofetusesmonthsbefore breeding.

7 Causing nose (IBR) Viral Contagious from6-9 monthsFetus; placenta;Killed or modifiedAbortion may or maycow to cowblood sampleslive vaccine. Seenot be associated in diarrhea ViralContagious fromVariable, Two blood Killed or modified Calves born with disease (BVD)cow to cowusually earlysamples, 3 live vaccine. See(loss of hair, brain in gestationweeks )VibriosisBacterial Venereal Early abortion,Vaginal mucusTwo injections ofAlso causes few(Campylobacterdisease spreadrepeat from infectedvaccine the firstabortionsfetus venerealis)by infected bullsbreedingcow, cervicalyear, 30-60 daysmucus; fetus; before and cowswashings fromshould bethe (CampylobacterIngested+6 monthsFetusNoneSporadic abortionsfetus intestinals)TrichomoniasisProtozoalVener eal disease2-4 monthsPreputial1st dose: 60 daysTreatment consists of(Trichomonasspread bywashings fromprebreeding.)

8 2ndsexual rest of cows forfetus)infected bullsinfected bulls;dose: 30 days90 days; artificial insem-uterus from ; cull infected bullscowsSingle boosterand open