RESEARCH MISCONDUCT — WHAT IT IS AND HOW TO …

1 RESEARCH MISCONDUCT WHAT IT IS AND HOW TO AVOID IT. RESEARCH MISCONDUCT is a component of Responsible Conduct of RESEARCH . Faculty members, staff, and students are potentially susceptible to carrying out RESEARCH MISCONDUCT , and therefore need to be aware of it and how to avoid it. While the Public Integrity Officer [RIO]); provisions for an initial inquiry to What is not RESEARCH MISCONDUCT ? Health Service (PHS) is the agency that has determine if the allegations have merit; provisions for a RESEARCH MISCONDUCT does not include differences formal investigation to determine the truth of the allegations;. been most visible in promoting responsible of opinion; honest, unintentional error; authorship the designation of an individual authorized to adjudicate the disputes; personal disputes; or violations of grant conduct of RESEARCH , each federal agency conclusions of the investigation and impose administrative management policies.

2 Has an Office of RESEARCH Integrity (ORI) actions to redress the MISCONDUCT or to vindicate the person or similar office. The ORI at Virginia Tech charged (deciding official); and provisions for reporting What are the recommendations of the ORI. findings to the PHS ORI. complies with federal regulations on RESEARCH in reporting alleged MISCONDUCT ? MISCONDUCT . What is required of Virginia Tech The ORI recommends that institutions adopt a policy of zero tolerance for conduct that falls within to be in compliance with federal policies? the definition of RESEARCH MISCONDUCT . Furthermore, Why are there federal laws Virginia Tech must establish policies and procedures for whistleblowers (complainants) must be protected to the investigating and reporting instances of alleged RESEARCH on RESEARCH MISCONDUCT ? MISCONDUCT , and respond to any allegations that are made.

3 Extent possible. The institution should provide training Public concern over RESEARCH MISCONDUCT initially in how to report potential cases of RESEARCH MISCONDUCT The ORI must promote the responsible conduct of RESEARCH and train mentors in proper ethical behavior. arose in the early 1980's. At that time, RESEARCH through education and training, provide assurances institutions sometimes ignored or covered up potential MISCONDUCT problems rather than investigate necessary to permit Virginia Tech to participate in federally- Why does RESEARCH MISCONDUCT happen? supported RESEARCH , and provide an annual report to the ORI. them. In December 2000, the Office of Science and RESEARCH MISCONDUCT may result from the pressure of the PHS. Technology policy adopted a federal policy on RESEARCH to publish or perish, the desire to get ahead.

4 Personal issues or character issues, and other reasons. MISCONDUCT . What is RESEARCH MISCONDUCT ? What is the purpose of The Office of Science and Technology policy defines How is RESEARCH MISCONDUCT identified? RESEARCH MISCONDUCT as fabrication, falsification, or RESEARCH MISCONDUCT policies? plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing RESEARCH , Most cases of RESEARCH MISCONDUCT are suspected RESEARCH MISCONDUCT policies have been and reported by a colleague (students, postdoctoral or in reporting RESEARCH results. Fabrication is making up established to define what RESEARCH MISCONDUCT is, fellows, staff, or other members within or outside of the data or results and recording or reporting them. Falsification outline procedures for reporting and investigating RESEARCH group), by random screening of proposals by is manipulation of RESEARCH materials, equipment, or MISCONDUCT , and provide protection for whistleblowers federal agencies or manuscripts by editors, or the failure processes, or changing or omitting results such that the and persons accused of MISCONDUCT .

5 To confirm RESEARCH results within one's own RESEARCH RESEARCH is not accurately represented in the record. group or by others outside the group. Plagiarism is the appropriation of another's ideas, processes, Why does Virginia Tech have a policy results, or words without giving proper credit, and without on RESEARCH MISCONDUCT ? What is the process for reporting, their consent or knowledge. reviewing, and investigating RESEARCH Every institution that receives federal funding, particularly PHS funding, must have procedures What are the criteria for RESEARCH MISCONDUCT ? MISCONDUCT at Virginia Tech? in place for receiving and investigating reports of RESEARCH MISCONDUCT may occur if the conduct Allegations (made in good faith) of potential RESEARCH MISCONDUCT . These procedures must include: represents a significant departure from accepted practices; RESEARCH MISCONDUCT are reported to and assessed by The designation of an individual authorized to receive has been committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly; the RESEARCH Integrity Officer (RIO).

6 The RIO reviews and investigate allegations of MISCONDUCT ( RESEARCH and can be proven by a preponderance of evidence. the allegations and, if warranted, sequesters relevant Guidance from the Office of the Vice President for RESEARCH ( ). RESEARCH records. If the allegations appear credible, accountable. This most often includes the primary author the information is forwarded to an inquiry committee. (usually the person who primarily wrote the grant or An inquiry report is made and, if an allegation is manuscript), all other authors whose results are found substantiated, the records are forwarded to an culpable, and the principal investigator. investigation committee. An initial draft of the investigation report is Additional sources of information: RESEARCH reviewed by the RIO and the deciding official (provost), and the final report is sent to all parties (respondent, complainant, RIO, provost).)

7 A written decision by the Department of Health and Human Services Office of RESEARCH Integrity (ORI): MISCONDUCT : provost is made and administrative action is taken. Website for a Virginia Tech PowerPoint file on RESEARCH What It Is If the respondent is found innocent of RESEARCH MISCONDUCT : MISCONDUCT , reasonable efforts to restore the respondent's reputation are made by the university ORI Department of Health and Human Services, Federal Register, Vol. 70, No. 94, Tuesday, May 17, 2005, Rules and and How and all parties concerned. Regulations. A respondent who has been found guilty of RESEARCH Fraud and the Role of Intentions, On Being A Scientist, MISCONDUCT has 10 days after receipt of the final Committee on the Conduct of Science, National Academy of decision to file an appeal. The university president will Sciences.

8 National Academy Press, Washington, , 1989, To Avoid It review the subject matter of the appeal and provide a page 15, ISBN 0-309-04091-4. written decision to the respondent regarding the appeal Steneck, Nicholas H., ORI Introduction to the Responsible and actions to be taken. The president's decision is final. Conduct of RESEARCH , PHS, 2004. Goodstein, D., On Fact and Fraud: Cautionary Tales from the What are the consequences of RESEARCH Front Lines of Science, Princeton University Press, Princeton, MISCONDUCT if substantiated? 2010. The consequences of RESEARCH MISCONDUCT are RESEARCH MISCONDUCT is a variable and may include: Withdrawal or correction For RESEARCH MISCONDUCT questions component of Responsible of all pending and published papers and abstracts and training affected by the MISCONDUCT , restitution of funds to the Conduct of RESEARCH .

9 Faculty granting agency, and monitoring of grant applications or Contact Thomas Inzana, Virginia Tech RESEARCH members, staff, and students are ineligibility to apply for federal grants/contracts or serve Integrity Officer, potentially susceptible to carrying on review panels for a number of years or permanently. Also see out RESEARCH MISCONDUCT , and At the institutional level, RESEARCH MISCONDUCT may result in reprimand, removal from the project, rank and therefore need to be aware of it salary reduction, or dismissal from the institution. Information and training on RESEARCH MISCONDUCT and how to avoid it. is provided at regular intervals through the Faculty Who is investigated and who is held Development Institute. See accountable for RESEARCH MISCONDUCT ? All authors who are involved in the specific data php?

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