RoHS Hazardous Substances - European Commission

1 The views expressed in this final report are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission . Study on Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Not Regulated by the rohs Directive Contract No. 070307/2007/476836/MAR/G4 Final Report Freiburg, 17 October 2008 ko-Institut Head Office Freiburg Box 50 02 40 79028 Freiburg, Germany Tel. +49 (0) 761 4 52 95-0 Fax +49 (0) 761 4 52 95-88 Street Address Merzhauser Str. 173 79100 Freiburg, Germany Darmstadt Office Rheinstr. 95 64295 Darmstadt, Germany Tel. +49 (0) 6151 81 91-0 Fax +49 (0) 6151 81 91-33 Berlin Office Novalisstr. 10 10115 Berlin, Germany Tel. +49 (0) 30 28 04 86-80 Fax +49 (0) 30 28 04 86-88 Authors: Rita Gro Dr. Dirk Bunke Carl-Otto Gensch St phanie Zangl Andreas Manhart The recommendations given by the authors should not be interpreted as a political or legal signal that the Commission intends to take a given action.

2 For the benefit of the environment, this document has been optimised for double-sided printing. Hazardous Substances in EEE, Not Regulated by rohs Final Report Content Executive Summary 1 1 Background and objectives 10 2 Inventory of other Hazardous Substances in EEE 12 Definition of Hazardous Substances in the context of rohs Review 12 Selection criteria 13 Information sources 18 Industry information 19 Umbrella Specifications 20 XRF analysis 24

3 Literature review 27 Inventory of Hazardous Substances and materials in EEE and identification of high priority Hazardous Substances 29 Inventory for selected Hazardous Substances 34 Allocation of Hazardous Substances to electrical and electronic components 34 Allocation of Hazardous Substances to EEE products 35 Allocation of EEE products to WEEE categories 39 Collection and treatment of electrical and electronic equipment within EU 43 References 45 3 Characterisation of Hazardous Substances 46 Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A)

4 47 Classification 47 Use 49 Current legislation 50 Risk assessment 52 Environment 52 Human health 57 Disposal and recycling 59 Partial conclusion on TBBP-A 59 References 61 Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD)

5 62 I Final ReportHazardous Substances in EEE, Not Regulated by rohs Classification 62 Use 63 Current legislation 63 Risk assessment 64 Environment 64 Human health 66 Disposal and recycling 68 Conclusions of Risk Reduction Strategy Meeting 68 Partial conclusion on HBCDD

6 71 References 72 Medium-chained chlorinated paraffins (MCCP) (Alkanes, C14-17, Chloro) 73 Classification 73 Use 74 Current legislation 74 Risk assessment 75 Environment 75 Human health 76 Disposal 77 Conclusions of Risk Reduction Strategy Meeting

7 77 Partial conclusion on MCCPs 80 References 81 Short-chained chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) 82 Classification 82 Use 83 Current legislation 83 Risk assessment 84 Environment 84 Human health 85 Partial conclusion on SCCPs 86 References 87 Specific phthalates.

8 DEHP, BBP and DBP 87 Classification 88 Use 88 II Hazardous Substances in EEE, Not Regulated by rohs Final Report Legislation 89 Monitoring 90 References 91 Phthalates, I: Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) 92 Classification 92 Use 93 Current legislation 93 Risk assessment 94 Environment 94 Human health 94 Recovery and disposal 95 Overall conclusions of the risk assessment (EU RAR DEHP 2008)

9 96 Risk reduction measures for the environment ( Commission Recommendation 2007) 99 Strategy for limiting the risks for human health ( Commission Communication 2008) 99 Partial conclusion on DEHP 100 Phthalates, II: Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) 101 Classification 101 Use 102 Current legislation 102 Risk assessment 102 Environment 102 Human health 103 Partial conclusion on BBP 103 Phthalates, III.

10 Dibutylphthalate (DBP) 104 Classification 104 Use 105 Current legislation 105 Risk assessment 105 Environment 106 Human health 106 Risk reduction measures for the environment ( Commission Recommendation 2006) 107 III Final ReportHazardous Substances in EEE, Not Regulated by rohs Strategy for limiting the risks for human health ( Commission Communication 2006) 107 Partial conclusion on DBP 108 Phthalates, IV.