Transcription of SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY
1 SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY WRITER S HANDBOOK First Edition writing across the across the 1 INTRODUCTION As a college preparatory school, SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY s mission is to equip our students for success in their university studies and for a lifetime of learning. No skill is more necessary for success in college or in professional life than the ability to express one s ideas in writing clearly and effectively. writing has a new focus these days. Colleges expect personal essays from college applicants, and both the SAT and ACT college entrance exams have writing components. Former SJA students return to campus emphasizing the importance of reading, thinking, and writing in their college studies. Businesses cite the need to write effectively as a number one priority for new employees.
2 writing is not going do we want it to. The electronic age has made it vital that reading and thinking take place in writing . In fact, writing is reading and thinking rolled into the physical act of putting pen to paper. In response to the challenge of preparing our students to be effective writers, SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY has developed a comprehensive school-wide program that incorporates reading, writing , and research into all classes. This handbook is intended as a resource for teachers and students and contains useful information on writing instruction, mechanics, and techniques. Just as language continues to evolve, this handbook is a work in progress. Questions, comments, and suggestions for future editions are welcome and should be addressed to the Assistant Principal for Curriculum and Instruction.
3 2 Table of Contents 1. Purpose of writing across the Curriculum Initiative ..3 writing to Learning to Write ..5 2. Jane Schaffer writing Program ..6 One-Paragraph Format ..7 Format for Four-Paragraph Essay ..8 3. Examples of writing (sample papers) .. 10 Argument / Controversial Issue Essay .. 10 Literary 14 Character Analysis assignment .. 14 Blending and Embedding Quotes in the Literature-based 18 Character Analysis (sample essay).. 20 Literary Elements Essay (9th grade sample essay) .. 21 Personal Narrative (11th grade sample essay) .. 23 Math.
4 26 Target Language Translation 4. The Research 28 Guidelines .. 28 Sample MLA style paper (portion of paper) .. 33 5. The Science Classroom .. 39 Lab Report Explanation .. 39 Lab Report Form .. 41 Sample Lab Report .. 43 Parts of a Science Fair Report .. 45 6. The Essay Test .. 46 46 Components of Well-Written Answer .. 47 7. Rubrics .. 48 8. Sentence Construction .. 56 9. Mechanics/Grammar .. 60 Sentence Boundaries .. 60 Verbs .. 60 Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers .. 62 62 Punctuation .. 64 Spelling Errors and Misused Words .. 67 Style and Diction Guidelines .. 68 10. Works 69 3 Purpose of writing Across the Curriculum Initiative Despite technological advances in communication, the ability to put words on paper or on the screen is still crucial to the work of the world to research, to learning, to thought, to business relations, to management, to government, to every human enterprise.
5 Not only academics but also people working in other areas are aware of the importance of writing in their lives. In one study college graduates working in many fields were asked to rank seventeen college disciplines in order of importance to them as employed adults. The graduates put English right at the top, second only to business administration. Barbara E. Fassler Walvoord in Helping Students Write Well. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1986..Students may complain, But how can you grade on the basis of writing when this isn t a writing course? We mustn t forget here a basic pedagogical principle: we are not obliged to teach everything we require. We don t teach typing, yet we often require it. Must we stop requiring skilled reading unless we explicitly teach it? Peter Elbow, in High Stakes and Low Stakes in writing New Directions for Teaching and Learning.
6 University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Marshall University s website says: Created to reinforce writing skills in classes outside of English composition, this academic movement engages students directly in the subject matter of the course through a variety of activities that focus on writing as a means of learning. Simply put, students use their writing assignments to explore other areas of study. Not only does this kind of writing boost a student s writing ability, it helps him better understand the content and specialized vocabulary of a particular subject. ( ) writing across the curriculum (WAC) refers to incorporating writing in all courses, rather than isolating writing in the English Language Arts (ELA) course. While the ELA teacher continues to emphasize the development of writing skills, teachers of other disciplines include writing as a tool for both learning and assessment.
7 Students benefit from WAC because they are writing more frequently and often for greater variety of purposes, audiences, and contexts. Additionally, students learn the content and the styles of discourse for other disciplines as they write for each course. Teachers can use writing to help assess student knowledge and understanding of the course content, as well as to encourage the development of communication skills essential to success in school and beyond. ( ) 4 writing to Learn Research shows that writing helps students internalize course material because writing requires students to state course concepts using their own words. The primary purpose of writing to learn assignments is for student to explore thoughts, jot down ideas, and to get them to think about the course material.
8 This kind of writing often relies on associations that come to mind as student writes and gives them an opportunity to explore their own ideas. It is a way to encourage them to think actively about the subject matter being learned. This section contains writing -to-learn assignment ideas. 1 Assignments based in this approach define writing itself as a thinking process and utilize a variety of writing activities that are designed to lead students to interact with course content in ways that result in increased learning. Teachers want students to use writing to help them make connections between topics and to put the content of the course into their own words. The approach is more process oriented, in that value is put on a wide variety of writing activities that are believed to foster thinking and wrestling with new material in new ways.
9 PRIMARY AUDIENCE: the writers themselves. 2 EXAMPLES OF writing TO LEARN ASSIGNMENTS: Journal writing First rough drafts Brainstorming Free- writing 5 Learning to Write The purpose of the formal writing assignment is usually to communicate an idea, opinion, or reaction to a particular audience. Since formal writing is intended for a specific audience, clarity, organization and logic are important. These are more traditional, formally structured writing assignments from teachers whose goals are based on teaching the writing of a particular discipline. 3 Assignments designed for this approach teach students how to produce the kind of writing considered important in their field, and the resulting product is usually academic, formal, and well-polished.
10 Teachers expect students to conform to specific grammatical and organizational standards, as defined by the discipline. These assignments are more product-oriented, in that value is placed on a finished product that conforms to particular standards. PRIMARY AUDIENCE: another person or group of EXAMPLES OF LEARNING TO WRITE ASSIGNMENTS: Laboratory reports Translations Essay tests Academic, structured papers, five paragraph themes Research papers 6 The Jane Schaffer writing Program SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY uses The Jane Schaffer writing Program as a foundation for teaching writing . It is a formulaic method and is used for the purpose of teaching writing elements and skills.
