SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES - PreventionWeb

1 SCHOOLCONSTRUCTIONGUIDELINESLAO PEOPLE S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICMINISTRY OF EDUCATIOND eveloped by the Division of Design and CONSTRUCTION Management (ECDM) Department of Finance Ministry of EducationDecember 2009 MINISTRY OF EDUCATIONLao PDRThe Ministry of Education would like to express appreciation to those who have contributed to the development of this National SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION GUIDELINES of Lao PDR. This set of GUIDELINES is a product of a collaborative work among the MOE led by the director of the Division of Design and CONSTRUCTION Management (ECDM) and the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC). Our appreciation also goes to those who have attended the two national workshops to review the initial drafts the GUIDELINES .

2 Among those who provided their comments and inputs to enhance the drafts are the Provincial Education Services (PES) in 16 provinces of the country, the representatives from the Provincial Unit for CONSTRUCTION and Development Assistance (PUCDA), and our development and donor partners, particularly the UNICEF, the AUSAID, WB, ADB, and JICA. The contribution of these partners extended beyond the workshops; they also provided us documents and information through interviews and email correspondences. In particular, the MOE would like to recognize the following members of the 7 HFKQLFDO :RUNLQJ *URXS IRU WKH VLJQL FDQW DPRXQW RI ZRUN WKH\ KDYH GRQH WR assist us in the development of this much needed GUIDELINES in the country.

3 Ministry of Education 0U 7 KLSSDPRQK &KDQWKDODQV\ +HDG (&'0 'U .HRYLYRQH 2 XWKDFKDN &DELQHW RI WKH 0 LQLVWU\ 0U %RXQVRXN 7 KLUDVDFN 'LUHFWRU &DELQHW RI WKH 0 LQLVWU\ 0U 0 LNH /DOO\ 6 HQLRU (GXFDWLRQ $GYLVRU Education Sector Working GroupMinistry of Public Works 1 RXSKHXDN 9 LUDERXWK 'HSXW\ 'LUHFWRU *HQHUDO LQ FKDUJH RI :DWHU 6 XSSO\ $IIDLUV DQG ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 5 HODWLRQVN ational University of Lao PDR. Faculty of Architecture 0U 3 KLVLWK 6 LKDUDMD 5 HVHDUFK DQG 3 RVW *UDGXDWH 6 HFWLRQ Asian Disaster Preparedness Center 0U 'DQLHO 6 FKZLWWHU 7 HFKQLFDO 6 SHFLDOLVW 6.$7 0V /LOLD %ODGHV 5 HVHDUFK $VVRFLDWH 0V 3 KLWVDPDL .KDPPDQLYRQJ 1 DWLRQDO 5 HVHDUFK $VVLVWDQW 0V 5 RQLOGD &R 3 URJUDP &RRUGLQDWRU $'3& 0V 0 DQMXVKD 5DL 3 URMHFW 0 DQDJHU $'3& 0U $UJK\D 6 LQKD 5R\ 3 URJUDP 0 DQDJHU $'3& 0U $OR\VLXV 5 HJR 'HSXW\ ([HFXWLYH 'LUHFWRU $'3&Lastly, we would like to thank the ADPC, the United Nations Development 3 URJUDPPH 81'3 DQG WKH (XURSHDQ &RPPLVVLRQ +XPDQLWDULDQ $LG GHSDUWPHQW (&+2 IRU WKHLU FRQWLQXLQJ VXSSRUW WR WKH 0 LQLVWU\ RI (GXFDWLRQ LQ 0 DLQVWUHDPLQJ Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)))))))]

4 In the Education Sector in Lao Introduction 7 About this guideline 7 Target group 7 +RZ WR XVH WKLV PDQXDO 2 Safety and risk reduction measures 9 Location 9 Site 11 Buildings 163 Architectural design and planning standards 25 Architectural design aspects 25 Furnishing and equipment 32 Outdoor facilities 354 Structural design standards 36 Design parameters 365 Planning and implementation steps 37 General proceedings 37 Formulation of request 39 Implementation 406 Operational and maintenance policies 41 Policy of Maintenance 41 Maintenance responsibilities 41 Maintenance activities 41 Maintenance budget 427 Notes and References 43 List of Annexes Annex 1.

5 Safety Audit Checklist 44 Annex 2. Site supervision manual 48 Annex 3. Excreta Disposal without water carriage 66 Annex 4. Flood and wind data for Lao PDR 69 Annex 5. Management Forms and Procedures 70 Annex 6. Maintenance Checklist 95 ACRONYMSADB Asian Development BankADPC Asian Disaster Preparedness CenterAusAID Australian Agency for International DevelopmentBEGP %DVLF (GXFDWLRQ *LUOV 3 URMHFWDEB District Education BureauDESIA Department of Environment and Social Impact AssessmentEA Environmental AssessmentECDM Education CONSTRUCTION and Development Management(&+2 (XURSHDQ &RPPLVVLRQ RQ +XPDQLWDULDQ $LGESDF Education Sector Development FrameworkEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentFAO Food and Agriculture Organization (United Nations))))

6 GoL Government of Lao PDRIEE Initial Environment ExaminationJICA Japan International Cooperation AgencyJICS Japan International Cooperation SystemMOE Ministry of Education, Lao PDRNDMO 1 DWLRQDO 'LVDVWHU 0 DQDJHPHQW 2I FH2&+$ 2I FH IRU WKH &RRUGLQDWLRQ RI +XPDQLWDULDQ $IIDLUV 8 QLWHG 1 DWLRQV PES Provincial Education ServicesPUCDA Provincial Unit for CONSTRUCTION and Development AssistanceUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUXO Unexploded About this guidelineThe Ministry of Education (MoE) and other stakeholders who are engaged in SCHOOL FRQVWUXFWLRQ LQ /DR 3'5 KDYH UHFRJQL]HG WKH QHHG IRU DQ RI FLDO VFKRRO FRQVWUXFWLRQ JXLGHOLQHV LQ WKH FRXQWU\ 3 URMHFW SURSRVHUV DQG LPSOHPHQWHUV KDYH VWDUWHG GUDIWLQJ GUIDELINES governing SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION in Lao, yet none of these documents has EHFRPH RI FLDO In view of the disaster vulnerability of schools and in line with the MoE s program on Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction in the Education Sector in Lao PDR, WKH PLQLVWU\ ZLWK WKH DVVLVWDQFH RI $'3& 81'3 DQG (&+2 GHYHORSHG WKLV VHW RI GUIDELINES which incorporates the experiences and lessons learned by different actors involved in the CONSTRUCTION of schools in Lao in the past years.)

7 This is an easy handbook for building schools which was developed by MoE, bearing LQ PLQG WKH /DR FRQWH[W DQG PDNLQJ UHIHUHQFH WR H[LVWLQJ EXLOGLQJ VSHFL FDWLRQV LQ WKH country. It is a binding document which aims to ensure that future schools are built in a way that minimizes harm and risk, including those brought about by natural hazards, to students, teacher, staff and other inhabitants. Target groupThis set of GUIDELINES is designed for the use of all stakeholders involved in the CONSTRUCTION of SCHOOL facilities in rural and urban areas in Lao PDR, including technical DQG QRQ WHFKQLFDO VWDII ,W JRYHUQV DOO VWDNHKROGHUV IURP WKH FRPPXQLW\ OHYHO XS WR WKH Ministry level, including the District Education Bureau (DEB), the Provincial Education Services (PES), the Provincial Unit for CONSTRUCTION and Development Assistance (PUCDA), and all involved agencies and How to use this manual8 VHUV RI WKLV PDQXDO ZLOO QG RULHQWDWLRQ RQ ZKDW DVSHFWV WR SD\ DWWHQWLRQ WR LQ HDFK stage of the SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION planning, design and CONSTRUCTION .]]

8 The complete version of the GUIDELINES includes annexes with checklists and forms needed in the SURFHVV +RZHYHU WKLV GRHV QRW UHSODFH WKH QHHG WR HQJDJH SURIHVVLRQDOV VXFK DV Architects and Engineers, who have the technical knowledge needed to guarantee SCHOOL safety. PART 1. Building good schools7KH QDO REMHFWLYH RI VFKRRO EXLOGLQJ DFWLYLWLHV LV WR SURYLGH DGHTXDWH VSDFHV IRU JRRG VFKRROV ZKLFK DUH FKLOG IULHQGO\ DQG LQFOXVLYH DQG KDYH WKH DGGLWLRQDO REMHFWLYHV RI $WWUDFWLQJ VWXGHQWV LQFUHDVH DFFHVV LPSURYH DWWHQGDQFH UDWHV LPSURYH UHWHQWLRQ DQG FRPSOHWLRQ UDWHV LPSURYH OHDUQLQJ DFKLHYHPHQW 3 URYLGH VDIH LQFOXVLYH ZHOFRPLQJ HQYLURQPHQWV IRU DOO FKLOGUHQ 3 URYLGH HQDEOLQJ OHDUQLQJ HQYLURQPHQWV LQFOXGLQJ DFFRPPRGDWLQJ FKLOGUHQ with physical and mental/learning disabilities.

9 &XOWLYDWH KDUPRQ\ EHWZHHQ WKH VFKRRO DQG LWV FRPPXQLW\ This set of GUIDELINES is a comprehensive document that provides guidance and VWDQGDUGV WRZDUGV PHHWLQJ WKH REMHFWLYHV RI D JRRG LQFOXVLYH FKLOG IULHQGO\ DQG VDIH SCHOOL for our children in Lao PDR. LocationLao PDR is a mountainous country, with elevations above 500 meters, characterized by steep terrain and narrow valleys. Though the geographical location of the country provides protection against typhoons DQG ZLQGVWRUPV WKH FRXQWU\ LV H[SRVHG WR YDULRXV KD]DUGV RI ZKLFK ULYHU RRGV DQG droughts are the most damaging. 2 WKHU LPSRUWDQW KD]DUGV LQFOXGH UHV ODQGVOLGHV HURVLRQ DQG HDUWKTXDNHV $GGLWLRQDOO\ rodent infestations, human and animal epidemics, as well as Unexploded Ordinance 8;2 DIIHFW WKH FRPPXQLWLHV 8 UEDQ UHV RRGV ZLQGVWRUPV DQG HDUWKTXDNHV VWULNH the country on regular basis.

10 Main mostly occur in the alluvial plains of the Mekong River and its tributaries during WKH 0D\ 6 HSWHPEHU PRQVRRQ VHDVRQ 7KH PRVW DIIHFWHG DUHDV DUH WKH FHQWUDO DQG southern regions, which account for the zones of greatest economic activities in the country, home to 53% of the that enter the country from the East can compound the rainfall pattern and FDXVH DGGLWLRQDO RRGLQJ 7KH DUHDV PRVW SURQH WR GURXJKW DUH WKH ZHVWHUQ SURYLQFHV and some of the higher elevations of the southern , since the last decade the changing climate and environment in the region and within the country, along with human made factors have worsened the situation. (QYLURQPHQWDO GHJUDGDWLRQ GXH WR RYHU ORJJLQJ RSHQLQJ PRUH VSDFHV VODVK DQG EXUQ cultivation practices, using chemicals and fertilizers, etc.)