Sentences, Paragraphs, and Compositions

1 Age sentences , paragraphs , and Compositions Skills Practice for Chapters 9-11. Student Worksheets Writer's Reference Sheets AnswerKey HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON. A Harcourt Classroom Education Company Austin. New York Orlando Atlanta San Francisco Boston Dallas Toronto London STAFF CREDITS. EDITORIAL Project Administration MANUFACTURING. Marie Price, Managing Editor; Michael Roche, Supervisor of Director Lori De La Garza, Editorial Inventory and Manufacturing Mescal Evler Operations Coordinator;. Thomas Browne, Heather ART, DESIGN AND PHOTO. Manager ofEditorial Operations Cheyne, Diane Hardin, Mark Bill Wahlgren Graphic Services Holland, Marcus Johnson, Kristen Darby, Manager Executive Editor Jill O'Neal, Joyce Rector, Janet Emily G.

2 Shenk Riley, Kelly Tankersley, Project Image Acquisitions Administration; Gail Coupland, Joe London, Director; Project Editor Ruth Hooker, Margaret Sanchez, Tim Taylor, Photo Research James E. Eckel Word Processing Supervisor; Rick Benavides, Writing and Editing Assistant Photo Researcher; Editorial Permissions Elaine Tate, Supervisor; Stephanie Wenger, Peggy Ferrin Janet Harrington, Permissions Erin Cone, Art Buyer Editor Copyediting Michael Neibergall, Copyediting Cover Design PRODUCTION. Manager; Mary Malone, Senior Sunday Patterson Belinda Barbosa Lopez, Senior Copyeditor; Joel Bourgeois, Production Coordinator;. Elizabeth Dickson, Gabrielle Simira Davis, Supervisor;. Field, Jane Kominek, Millicent Nancy Hargis, Media Production Ondras, Theresa Reding, Supervisor; Joan Lindsay, Kathleen Scheiner, Laurie Production Coordinator; Beth Schlesinger, Copyeditors Prevelige, Prepress Manager Copyright by Holt, Rinehart and Winston All rights reserved.

3 No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Teachers using ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE may photocopy blackline masters in complete pages in sufficient quantities for classroom use only and not for resale. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 0-03-056319-4. 1 234508504 030201 00. Table of Contents ---------------------------------------- ----------------------~O. About This Book .. vi Revising and Proofreading Handouts Parts of paragraphs .. vii Coherence .. viii Hints for Writing and Using a Thesis ix Symbols for Revising and Proofreading.

4 X Writing Complete sentences for CHAPTER 9 Identifying Sentence Fragments (Pupil/s Edition pp. 340-51) Practice A, Worksheet 1 Practice B, Worksheet 2 .. 2 Revising Phrase Fragments Practice A, Worksheet 3 .. 3 Practice B, Worksheet 4 .. 4 Revising Subordinate Clause Fragments Practice A, Worksheet 5 .. 5 Practice B, Worksheet 6 .. 6 Using Subordinate Clauses in sentences Practice A, Worksheet 7 .. 7 Practice B, Worksheet 8 .. 8 Identifying and Revising Fragments Practice A, Worksheet 9 .. 9 Practice B,Worksheet 10 .. 10 Revising by Correcting Run--ons Practice A, Worksheet 11 .. 11 Practice B, Worksheet 12 .. 12 REVIEW A: Correcting Fragments and Run-on sentences Practice A, Worksheet 13 Practice B, Worksheet 14.

5 14 REVIEW B: Revising Fragments and Run--on sentences Practice A, Worksheet 15 .. 15 Practice B, Worksheet 16 .. 16 iii Table of Contents (continued). ---------------------------------------- --------------------------0. Writing Effective sentences for CHAPTER 10 Combining by Inserting Words (Pupil's Edition ) Practice A, Worksheet 17 Practice B, Worksheet 18 .. 18 Combining by Inserting Words Practice A, Worksheet 19 Practice B, Worksheet 20 .. 20 Combining by Inserting Phrases Practice A, Worksheet 21 .. 21 Practice 8, Worksheet 22 .. 22 Combining Using Compound Subjects and Verbs Practice A, Worksheet 23 .. 23 Practice 8, Worksheet 24 .. 24 Combining to Create Compound sentences Practice A, Worksheet 25.

6 25 Practice 8, Worksheet 26 .. 26 ..J Combining to Create Complex sentences Practice A, Worksheet 27 .. 27 Practice 8, Worksheet 28 .. 28 REVIEW A: Revising sentences by Combining Practice A, Worksheet 29 Practice 8, Worksheet 30 .. 30 REVIEW B: Revising a Paragraph by Combining sentences Practice A, Worksheet 31 .. 31 Practice 8, Worksheet 32 .. 32 Revising sentences to Create Parallel Structure Practice A, Worksheet 33 .. 33 Practice 8, Worksheet 34 .. 34 Revising Stringy sentences Practice A, Worksheet 35 .. 35 Practice 8, Worksheet 36 .. 36 Revising Wordy sentences Practice A, Worksheet 37 .. 37 Practice 8, Worksheet 38 .. 38 iv Table of Contents (continued). ---------------------------------------- ------------------------~O.

7 Varying Sentence Beginnings Practice A, Worksheet 39 Practice S, Worksheet 40 .. 40 Revising a Paragraph to Create Variety Practice A, Worksheet 41 .. 41 Practice S, Worksheet 42 .. 42 Understanding paragraphs and Compositions for CHAPTER 11 Identifying Parts of paragraphs (Pupil's Edition Worksheet 43 .. 43 pp. 370-401 ) Improving the Qualities of paragraphs Worksheet 44 .. 44 Analyzing Thesis Statements Worksheet 45 .. 4S Analyzing Introductions Worksheet 46 .. 46 Analyzing Body paragraphs Worksheet 47 .. 47 Improving a Conclusion Worksheet 48 .. 48 Answer 49 v I About This Book --------------------~~------------------ ----. The Blackline Masters Revising and Proofreading These pages are designed as a reference for students.

8 They Handouts include lists of useful words, strategies to improve writing, and aids to proofreading. Encourage students to keep copies of these pages in their subject notebooks or to laminate them and refer to them whenever they begin a significant writing assignment. The Worksheets Exercises Worksheets for each exercise provide students with oppor . tunities to practice what is taught in Part 2 of the Pupil's Edition-how to revise and improve sentences through tech . niques such as combining sentences and varying sentence lengths. Worksheets also provide students with opportunities to practice the basics of good paragraphs , including how to achieve unity and coherence and how to use effective transi . tions between paragraphs in longer pieces of writing.

9 Vi Parts of paragraphs o PARTS OF paragraphs . Main Idea provides the central focus of the paragraph Topic Sentence directly states the paragraph's main idea often is the first sentence in the paragraph may be found at the end of the paragraph, for em phasis or variety Supporting sentences support the main idea of the paragraph use the following kinds of details: sensory details: information collected using the five senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, and taste). facts: information that can be proven statistics: facts based on numbers examples: specific instances or illustrations of a general idea anecdotes: an extended example or brief story, often entertaining or amusing Clincher Sentence sometimes (but not always) found at the end of longer paragraphs emphasizes or summarizes the main idea of a paragraph adds zing to a paragraph often includes a transitional phrase most often used with longer, complicated paragraphs to reinforce the main idea Revising and Proofreading Handouts vii Coherence ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------~O.

10 Building Coherence: Types of Order ORDER tWHENTOUSE .. HOW IT WORKS. Chronological ! ~, . presents actions and events : to tell a story ," to explain a process according to the order in which they occur Spatial to describe a place or object I:::, . arranges details according to their location in space Logical groups related ideas together ;,: : to explain or classify (by defining, dividing, or comparing and to show their relationship contrasting). Order of Importance I" to inform or to persuade arranges details from most important to least important, or vice versa : Building Coherence: Connecting Ideas CONNECTING STRATEGY tHOW IT WORKS. Direct References ~: use a noun or pronoun that refers to a noun or pronoun used earlier !