Simplifying - ALBASEERAH

1 Simplifying Al-Ajaroomiyyah @ @COMPILED BY: ABUL-LAYTH QASIM IBN AGGREY MUTIVA 2 Types of Speech W $#" ! % { ' ( *) + "* K Speech: Is the composed saying or utterance which is beneficial in its placement or composition. -. / / 0 1) 2 W4 5* {46 7*8 {9:; 7 * ) = 4 K And it is divided into three groups: Ism (noun), and F'il (verb), and Harf (a preposition which conveys meaning). > 7 ? 5@)8 W A " B )* { ? ; C { $#) *D* E G So the Ism (Noun) is known by Al-Khafdh (the acceptance of Jarr), and At-Tanween (a mark which indicates indefiniteness), and the acceptance of Alif Laam (the definite article). A " B * { I*% W *1 {9 J { K {9 $ K {I*8 { L M { ) N { ) { $#) and 'AnF9 JE and Eelaa F *1E And the letters of Khafdh are min and FQL ME and RubbaFI*8E and Fee F9 $ KE and 'Ala F KE.}}}}}}}}}}}}}}

2 F E and Al-Laam FRE and Al-Kaaf F E Al-Baa S { I*% W { ) N { ) C K and F E And the letters of Avowal (Pledge) are: Al-Waaw . FTEand At-Taa F*LE Al-Baa 6 7*" + S* > 7 ? { U {*. *; ) *V * W C *) X 5 K F E and As-SeenF + 2E Qad And The F'il (Verb) is known by . F TE and At-Taa At-Ta'neeth As-Saakinah F > 5E and Sawfa 3 7*" 6 * @ @*5 6 * 0 7 1 Z $ [ ? @ ) 1 \ 6K And the Harf (Preposition) is that which does not accept any of the Ism (Noun) or F'il (Verb) indicators or signs. *L K ] L) The chapter of Grammatical Analysis % L K ] W*G + 1*6 7 * *C G@ $* *G * ^ X +*?S X " `) ) a $ K .* $K The Grammatical analysis is the changing of vowel markings at the end of words according to the addition of specific helping words.}}}}}

3 F4M + S 1E or prepositions whether they are written or supposed 0 1) 2 -. 7 M W4' 8 M {4 [ {4A " G {4 b = The categories of grammatical analysis are four: F4 b =EJazm and F4A " GEand Khafdh F4 [ ENasb and F4' 8 ME Raf' '8 c* 1* )* 5 e*$ 8 { [ ; { A " B { a *8 b = @ ) F A " B EKhafdh andF [ ; E , NasbF '8 E Raf' So for the nouns is not included. F b f EJazm with '8 c* 1* ) 7 8 e* { [ ; { b f {) a *8 A " G @ F b f EJazm andF [ ; E, Nasb F '8 E And for the verbs is Raf' not A " B E with Khafdh *L K ] *T) 1 K *. 8 7 1 L) The Chapter of knowing the signs of grammatical analysis gT) 1 K ' M ' 8 $* W . h { { D* E { j; K There are four signs which indicate the condition of Raf': The KF E, and the Noon E F the Alif ,E F, the Waaw F kkkEDhommah 4.]]]]]}}}}}}}}}}}}

4 H ) 1 W 8 W* " @5 I*8 (*' 1 .* 7 M I*8 ' 8 *$ . 1 K C 8 { ' = * C { * ) *V l ' = {4I m *n *Go* 6*[ C ? pq# M) h 6 7*" K Then it is an indicator of Raf' in fourWF kkkE Dhommah As for the Instances: 1. The Singular Noun Broken Plural Sound Feminine plural present tense verb which has nothing attached to the end of it. ) 1 W 7*( 1 I*8 '8 *$ . 1 K C 8 W )* 5 E I*8 * ) * q ' = I*8*. B { I*% W R { R G { R { R 8 { ) 1 K Then it is an indicator of Raf' in two cases:WF E As for the Waaw Sound Masculine plural and Five Exceptional Nouns ,F R E, Hamooka F R G E, Akhooka F R E which are: Abooka FK 1 ) E, and Dhoo Maalin F R 8E Fooka ) 1 D* E WI*8 '8 *$ . 1 K C 8 . s) G )* 5 E .* *; t X K , Then it is an indicator of Raf' specifically in F E Alif As for the the dual forms.]}}}}}}}}

5 1 j; W M) h 6 "*7 I*8 '8 *$ . 1 K C 8 {g. *; t X * ( *0* 6 [ X J { * ( ' = {*. N*u) B *. t l * ( K , Then it is an indicator of Raf' in the E F As for the Noon present tense if it is connected to an attached pronoun of duality, an attached pronoun of plurality, or an attached pronoun used to address the female gender. gT) 1 K v G * [ *$; W \ C " . { D* E { w { ) { j; q K ,F kkk EAnd for the condition of Nasb there are five signs: the Fathah , and the removal of theFpE the Yaa ,F*kkkE the Kasrah ,E F Alif the letter Noon. 5 . \ C " ) 1 W 8 W*. / / I*8 * [ *$; . 1 K C 8 (*' 1 W* " @5 x { ' = * C { $ K 6 G J M) h 6 "*7 4 I m *n *Go* 6*[ C ? 4 *s ) *0 K , then it is an indicator of the state of Nasb in F kkkE the Fathah As for three instances: 1.]]]]}}}}}}}}}

6 In the Singular Nouns. 2. In broken plural forms. 3. In the Present tense verbs if a Naasib (subjunctival) precedes it and there is nothing attached to the last letter in the verb. D* E ) 1 W I*8 * [ *$; . 1 K C 8*. B )* 5 E { \ F R) G R) y ? M E c* 0 N m ) 1K , then it is an indicator of the state of Nasb in E F Alif As for the F R) G R) y ? ME the Five Nouns. Like the following example: And whatever resembles this. ) 1 w WI*8 * [ *$; . 1 K C 8 * ) *V l ' = K , then it is an indicator of the state of Nasb F*kkkE As for the Kasrah for the Sound Feminine Plurals. ) ) 1 W ' f .* *; t C I*8 * [ *$; . 1 K C 8K , then it is an indicator of the state of Nasb FpE the Yaa As for the in both the Dual and Plural Noun forms. ) 1 j; q W j; *T) N t* ) a 7 8 M I*C#.]]]}

7 * B ) 7 8 E I*8 * [ *$; . 1 K 8K As for the removal of the letter Noon, then it is an indicator of the state of Nasb in the Five Verbs when the indicator of the state of Raf' is the fixedness of the letter Noon. w { ) { \ C " .K .F kkkEand the Fathah ,Fp Ethe Yaa ,F*kkk EThe Kasrah gT) 1 K z / A " B$* W And for the condition of Khafdh, there are three signs. 6 1 W 8) w W A " B$* . 1 K C 8 I*8 (*' 1 .* / /W * [ ; * " @5 x { * C ' = * [ ; { I*8 * ) *V l ' = K , then it is an indicator of the state of KhafdhF*kkkE As for the Kasrah in three instances. 1. The Singular Noun which has vowel markings that can be changed. 2. In Broken Plural forms where the vowel markings can also be changed. 3. In the Sound Feminine Plurals. ) ) 1 W . 1 K C 8 A " B$* I*8 (*' 1.]]]}}}}

8 * / /W x *. B )* 5 E { *. *; t C I*8 { ' f K , then it is an indicator of the state of Khafdh in FpE the Yaa As for three instances. Five Nouns. Dual Forms. 3. The Plural forms. ) 1 . \ C " W 8 A " B$* . 1 K C [ ; ? @ p*q# @*5 I*8K , then it is an indicator of the state of Khafdh F kkkE the Fathah As for for the Nouns which are fixed and do not change their vowel markings. ) C 1 K b f$* W j { > q \K Fk kkE And for the state of Jazm, there are two signs. 1. The Sukoon 2. Removal ) 1 W 8 j W I*8 b f$* . 1 K 8 M) h 6 "*7 *G{ Z \* [ K , then it is an indicator of the state of Jazm Fk kkE As for the Sukoon in the Present Tense Verbs which end in a sound letter. Any letter .Fp{ { E other than ) 1 q \ W I*8 b f$* . 1 K 8 M) h 6 "*7 U6 C 7 *G{ {I*8 ) 7 8 E N t* ) a 7 8 M I*C#.]]}}}}}}}}

9 * B j; *T)K As for Removal, then it is an indicator of the state of Jazm when and it is also Fp{ { E the last letter in a present tense verb is weak 7an indicator of the state of Jazm in the Five Verbs when the sign of the state of Raf' is the fixedness of the letter Noon. 46 [ 8 W T) 7 Section: Words which contain vowel markings that can be changed ) 2* T) 7 W*T) \ )* L 7 ? 4 *2 { * \ *) L 7 ? 4 *2K The words which contain vowel markings that can be changed are divided into two groups. One group is identified by diacritical vowel markings while the other group is identified by way of letters. p*q# ) 8 . 7 M *T) \ *) L 7 ?W " 5@ { * C ' ={ = *V l ' * ) {4I m *n *Go* 6*[ C ? pq# M) h 6 7*" K So the group which is identified by way of vowel markings contains four types of nouns.]]}}}}}}

10 1. The Singular Noun. 2. The Broken Plural. 3. The Sound Feminine Plural. 4. The Present tense verb to which there is nothing attached to the end of it. *. h *) ' 8 X ) a|$ {*. \ C " *) [ ; X {*w *) A " B X { j *) b f X K In all of the previous nouns the condition of Raf' is indicated by a , F kkkE the condition of Nasb is indicated by a Fathah ,F kkk E Dhommah , and theF*kkkE the condition of Khafdh is indicated by a Kasrah .Fk kkE condition of Jazm is indicated by a Sukoon ) m . / / c* K G W ' = * ) *V l *w )* [ ; ?{ @ p*q# 5*@ > [ ; ? *. \ C " )* A " B ? { M) h 6 "*7 *G{ j6 C 7 *n *G~ * q *\ b f ?K The only exceptions from those are three: 1. The Sound Feminine .F*kkk E Plural in which the condition of Nasb is indicated by a Kasrah 2. The condition of Khafdh in Nouns which vowel marks do not 3.]]]}}}}}}