Solid Waste Management in Middlesex County

1 2/9/20151A Profile of Solid Waste Management in Middlesex CountyDivision of Solid Waste Management711 Jersey AvenueNew Brunswick, NJ 08901732-745-41701 Solid Waste Management in Middlesex CountyMiddlesex CountyDepartment of Public Safety & HealthDivision of Environmental Health (CEHA)Division of Solid Waste ManagementSOLID Waste MGMT PLAN102/9/20152 21 Counties 565 Municipalities 241 1700 s: Would simply throw the garbage out the windows. 1800 s:Pigs would be fed garbage as a Waste Management practice. Early Landfills:Open pit dumps. Early Incineration:Burning of Waste with little or no environmental Disposal Methods125 generated 251 million tons of MSW in 2012. ( lbs/person/day) New Jersey generated million tons of MSW in 2012 Middlesex County Generated 907,315 tons of MSW in 2012 ( lbs/person/day)Municipal Solid Waste Generation RatesSource: USEPA Municipal Solid Waste Generation, recycling and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 20101242/9/20153 Practices for Dealing with Solid Waste Source Reduction Materials Recovery recycling composting Landfilling Incineration126 Durables (furniture and appliances)(useful life of 3 or more years) Non-Durables (newspapers, disposable diapers, & clothing) (useful life of less than 3 years) Containers & Packaging Food & Yard WasteCategories of Waste123 Solid Waste Types and DefinitionsType 10 Municipal (household, commercial, and institutional)Type 13 Bulky Waste .

2 Large items of Waste material, such as appliances and furniture. Discarded automobiles, 13C(subcategory of Type 13)Construction and demolition 23 Vegetative Waste : Also included are non-crop residues such as leaves, grass clippings, tree parts,shrubbery and garden 25 Animal and food processing 27 Dry industrial Waste : Waste materials resulting from manufacturing, industrial, and research and developmentprocesses and operations, and which are not hazardous. Type 27 AWaste material consisting of asbestos or asbestos containing 27 IWaste material consisting of incinerator ash or ash containing : USEPA Municipal Solid Waste Generation, recycling and Disposal in the United States: Facts & Figures for 2012 Solid Waste Composition121US (2012)NJ (2003) of MSW 38% of Total SW of MSW8% of Total SW composting / of MSW 52% of Total SWSource: USEPA Municipal Solid Waste Generation, recycling and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2012; NJ State Solid Waste Management Plan, 2006 Methods of Waste Handling140 Bottom and sides are lined with layers of compacted clay and plastic liners to contain liquids.

3 Use a system of drains to recover and treat liquids that pass through the landfill known as leachate. Installation of a gas recovery system. The site is capped with a layer of clay and earth which is graded and seeded with native grasses. Landfill Design1302/9/20155 Decomposing Waste produces greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon dioxide. These gases have been associated with odor problems. Use of flares to burn off the methane gas produced by the landfill. Collection of methane gas through a system of pipelines that lead the gas to a facility where it is used to generate electricity. Managing Landfill Gases129 Cross Section of Landfill DesignLandfill Working FaceMCUAOwns & OperatesThe Landfill located @ 53 Edgeboro RdTotal Acres 360 Active Area 247 Current Permit Expires 2017 (can be renewed)Landfill Life expectancy 2024 Current Permitted Elevation 165 1382/9/20156 Advantages: Reduces the volume of Waste by 90%.

4 Uses heat and converts it to : The process produces emissions that pollute the atmosphere. Produces a potentially toxic ash as a byproduct of the process. Waste to Energy127 Types of composting AerobicWith Air AnaerobicNo Air Vermi CompostingWorm composting39 Utilizes the natural process of decomposition to breakdown various types of Waste Conditions such as temperature, composition of materials, moisture and aeration are controlled to speed up the process Examples of organic Waste that can be composted:- Grass - Brush - Leaves - Food Waste Coffee Grounds Natures way of recyclingComposting362/9/20157 Why Compost composting Saves Money Improves soil structure & texture Reduces fertilizer & minimizes water usage Diverts material from landfill composting benefits the environment31 Before 1987, recycling programs were practiced through civic groups.

5 In 1987, The Mandatory Source Separation and RecyclingAct was passed setting a goal of a 25% recycling rate. Each County was required to designate 3 items to recycleplus leaves and motor oil. In 1990 a goal of 60% recycling of all Waste types was setfor 1995 In 1997, the State having met that 60% recycling goal,pushed the goal up to 65% to be achieved by 12/31 in New Jersey148 recycling Enhancement Act Collection of $ tax started April 1, 2008 Signed by Governor Corzine on January 13, 2008 Restores funding for recycling Programs!1882/9/20158 PETE: Polyethylene Terephthalate- most commonly recycled household plastic material primarily used for soft drink : High Density Polyethylene- Primarily used in milk, water, and :Polyvinyl Chloride- Primarily used for clear food : Low density Polyethylene- Primarily used in film for Resin Types166PP: Polypropylene- Primarily used in fibers, films and screw-on : Polystyrene - Primarily used in egg cartons, drinking cups and packaging materialsOther :Plastic Resin Types (continued)167 What Does it Mean to Buy Recycled?

6 First, you need to know the difference betweenrecyclable and is one that can be collected,separated & recovered for is one that is made frommaterial that has been , just because something may be recyclable, does not mean it was made from recycled material. Conversely, items that are made from recycled products are not always vs. Made from RecycledThese are the symbols that some manufacturers will use to let you know if their products are recyclable or are made from recyclable : although there may be a recyclable symbol on the package, yourcommunity may not accept this material in their recycling system. Check withyour local recycling coordinator if you are unsure whether the item should berecycled or from recycledmaterialrecyclable164 Examples of Products Made from Recycled Materials writing paper greeting cards cardboard storage boxes cat litter notepads/ notebooks toilet paper, tissues, napkins clothing plastic trash bags plastic lumber carpet plastic garbage cans door mats garden hoses re-refined motor oil retread tires insulation mulch toner cartridges wrapping paper sneakers165 Separationof recyclables from the garbage by residents or businesses Collectionof recyclables by a licensed hauler SortingRecycling Centers process the recyclable materials Processingof materials to make new productsRECYCLING PROCESS1592/9/201510 ReduceThe amount of garbage that we generateReuseGlass Jars, Plastic Containers.

7 Paper & Plastic BagsRecycleSaves Energy, Money, Landfill Space Conserves Natural ResourcesReactIf a product could be made more environmentallyfriendly let the manufacturers know RejectStop buying products that are not environmentallyfriendlyThe 5 R sof Recycling154 Reduce means to lessen the amount of garbage and the toxicity of the garbage that you generate. Some rules of thumb when buying something- When purchasing products, select the one with the least amount of packaging- Look for products packaged in materials you can recycle- Whenever possible buy items in bulk or choose large economy size items- Look for items in concentrate form- Look for products that will last- Avoid disposables (plastic ware, paper or styrofoam products)REDUCE155 Items that can be reused:Glass Jars & Plastic Containers - can be reused to store odds and ends or leftovers (do not reuse plastic containers to store food items)Paper & Plastic Bags- can be reused at the grocery storeUnwanted Clothes & Household Items- can be sold or donated instead of thrown out REUSE1562/9/201511 Why Recycle.

8 - Conserves natural resources- Saves energy- 90% of the energy to make virgin aluminum - 50% of the energy to make virgin glass - 50% of the energy used to make virgin paper - Saves landfill space- Saves moneyRECYCLE157 REACT-If there is a product that you feel could havebeen made more environmentally friendly, call orwrite a letter to the manufacturer and letthem stop buying products you don tapprove of from an environmental County Total Generation Waste Disposed vs Recycled(in pounds) Provided that Waste be directed to specific facilities for disposal. Was in place for 20 years prior to being judged unconstitutional. In 1997, the system was judged to be unconstitutional. Current NJ system (depending on the County ) is either a Free Market System, non-discriminatory bid with Waste flow still in Flow136 The Middlesex County Landfill does not have flow control.

9 Voluntary contracts with municipalities and haulers provide that thewaste they generate/haul will be disposed of at the County landfill. A reduced tip fee that is fixed for a three year period is used as anincentive to enter into voluntary contracts. A $ Solid Waste Management Service (SWMS) fee isassessed on haulers who deliver Middlesex County Waste to an out-of- County disposal facility. The equivalent fee is incorporated in thetip fee at the Middlesex County Landfill. The (SWMS) fee is utilized by the MCIA for recycling program costs,the Health Department for compliance costs, the MCUA foradministrative costs and the MCDSWM for costs of special programsand recycling County Waste FLOW CONTROL135 Solid Waste MANAGEMENT2015 SERVICES FEE$ $ $ $ $ County Market Strategy for Waste Disposal(As adopted via Plan Amendment 1997-3)

10 The Middlesex County Utilities Authority offeredvoluntary contracts for disposal at the MiddlesexCounty Tipping Fees$ Tier One 3 Year Contract $ Tier Two 3 Year Contract$ - $ Spot Fee If the Waste is not delivered to the MiddlesexCounty Landfill, a tonnage report must be filed by the20th of the subsequent month and the Solid WasteManagement Services fee of $ must be Scale133 Landfill Working Face1322/9/201514 Middlesex County Solid Waste MANAGEMENT711 Jersey Brunswick, 08901 "The Greatest County In The Land"David Sliker, Compliance in Middlesex CountyIt is mandatory for all residents, businesses, and institutions in the County to recycle the following items: Newspaper Glass food and beverage containers Aluminum food and beverage containers Steel cans Plastic Containers (#1 & #2) Mixed Paper Corrugated Cardboard Leaves Motor Oil Brush Textiles Masonry/paving material Rechargeable batteries Tires White goods Electronics (televisions, CPU s, monitors, laptops)