SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD - Kwick

1 ICS ISBN 0-626-15672-6 SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD The design, erection, use and inspection of access scaffolding Part 1: Steel access scaffolding Published by standards SOUTH Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 standards SOUTH Africa This eStandard is exclusively for Proactive Risk Management for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a file server/Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the STANDARD may be made. SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2004 Amended to delete a referenced STANDARD and to correct cross-references. Abstract Covers steel access scaffolding commonly used for supporting workers and materials, plant or equipment during construction, maintenance and demolition work.

2 Keywords access equipment, birdcage scaffolds, classification systems, construction, construction equipment, design, erecting (construction operation), foundations, inspection, instructions for use, putlog scaffolds, safety measures, scaffolding components, scaffolds, steels, suspended scaffolds, temporary structures, tower scaffolds. Foreword This SOUTH AFRICAN STANDARD was approved by NATIONAL Committee StanSA TC , Access equipment, in accordance with procedures of standards SOUTH Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This edition cancels and replaces edition 1 (SANS 10085-1:2003). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been modified by amendment No. 1. Annex B forms an integral part of this STANDARD . Annexes A and C are for information only. Introduction This part of SANS 10085 has been prepared to define procedures for the design and erection of access scaffolding, including appropriate training, user responsibilities and control of scaffolding operations.

3 Apart from provisions for the more orthodox forms of scaffolding, provisions are included for prefabricated systems. Procedures are also given for the inspection, care and maintenance of scaffolding. However efficient the individual components of a scaffolding system may be, it is of little avail if the construction of the scaffolding is inefficient. Persons erecting scaffolding should therefore be able to ensure that, at the time of handing over to the user, the scaffolding is adequate for its intended purpose. Effective training of personnel who erect and use scaffolding is possibly the most essential factor in preventing accidents amongst both those who erect scaffolding and those who use it. Furthermore, a quality system should be applied by competent personnel to facilitate the safe erection and use of scaffolding (see the SANS 9000/ISO 9000 series of standards ). This eStandard is exclusively for Proactive Risk Management for use on one standalone PC.

4 To access it from a file server/Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the STANDARD may be made. SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition 1 Contents Page Abstract Keywords Foreword Introduction 1 Scope .. 5 2 Normative references .. 5 3 Definitions .. 7 4 Basic materials .. 12 Timber .. 12 Steel .. 12 Aluminium .. 12 Plastics .. 12 5 Components .. 12 Couplers .. 12 Joint pins (expanding spigot couplers) .. 13 Baseplates .. 13 Soleboards .. 14 Base jacks .. 14 Cross-braces (for walk-through frames) .. 15 Flip locks (for walk-through frames) .. 15 Hop-up brackets .. 15 Scaffold boards .. 16 standards and tubes.

5 16 Ladders .. 17 Wheels and castors .. 18 Steel beams for outrigger scaffolding .. 18 6 Chains, ropes and fasteners .. 18 General .. 18 Chains .. 18 Cables and ropes .. 18 Nails .. 19 Bolts and nuts .. 19 Fishplates, set-screws and ferrules .. 19 7 Height restrictions, classification, usage and safety factors .. 19 Height restrictions .. 19 Classification .. 20 Safety factors .. 22 This eStandard is exclusively for Proactive Risk Management for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a file server/Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the STANDARD may be made. SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition 2 Contents (continued) Page 8 Foundations for scaffolding .. 22 General .. 22 Particular considerations.

6 22 Existing structures .. 23 Normal foundations .. 23 9 Design requirements for access scaffolding .. 23 Safe working load .. 23 Scaffolding of heights greater than 60 m high .. 23 Scaffolding less than 60 m high .. 24 10 Erection of scaffolding .. 24 General .. 24 standards .. 24 Ledgers .. 25 Transoms and putlogs .. 25 Bracing and ties .. 26 Boarding .. 26 Ladders .. 27 Staircases .. 27 Outrigger (cantilever beam) scaffolding .. 28 Tubular steel independent tied (tube-and-fitting) scaffolding .. 28 Tubular steel frame scaffolding .. 30 Tubular steel system scaffolding .. 32 Putlog (single) scaffolding .. 32 Mobile tower scaffolding .. 33 Birdcage scaffolding .. 34 Trestle scaffolding .. 34 Roof scaffolding .. 35 Scaffolding ramps.

7 35 Working platforms .. 36 Pavement gantries .. 36 Aprons (fans) .. 37 Cantilever off-loading platforms .. 37 Hoist tower scaffolding .. 37 11 Safety precautions .. 38 General .. 38 Construction .. 38 Materials and tools .. 38 Maintenance and housekeeping .. 39 Personal safety .. 39 Safety signs .. 40 Outrigger scaffolding .. 40 Mobile tower scaffolds .. 40 Frame scaffolding .. 40 System scaffolding .. 41 12 Inspection .. 41 This eStandard is exclusively for Proactive Risk Management for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a file server/Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the STANDARD may be made. SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition 3 Contents (concluded) Page 13 Maintenance and storage .. 42 Maintenance .. 42 Storage.

8 42 14 Control of scaffolding operations .. 42 Establishing scaffolding requirements .. 42 Site visit .. 43 Written confirmation .. 43 Supply and erection of scaffolding .. 43 Inspection of the scaffolding .. 44 Handover of the scaffold .. 44 15 Responsibilities of the scaffold user .. 44 Ensuring scaffold safety .. 44 Prohibition on alterations to the scaffold by users .. 44 Co-operation with other users .. 44 Emergency procedures .. 45 Safe work procedure for a scaffold where ties have to be removed .. 45 16 Training requirements for scaffolding personnel .. 45 General .. 45 Training and experience requirements .. 46 Accreditation .. 48 Figures 1-15 .. 49-64 Annex A (informative) Example of scaffolding design calculations .. 65 Annex B (normative) Basic checklist for scaffold inspections.

9 67 Annex C (informative) Typical format for scaffold inspection register .. 68 Bibliography .. 68 This eStandard is exclusively for Proactive Risk Management for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a file server/Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the STANDARD may be made. SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition 4 This page is intentionally left blank This eStandard is exclusively for Proactive Risk Management for use on one standalone PC. To access it from a file server/Intranet constitutes a violation of SABS copyright rules. Note that only one printout of the STANDARD may be made. SANS 10085-1:2004 Edition 5 The design, erection, use and inspection of access scaffolding Part 1: Steel access scaffolding 1 Scope This part of SANS 10085 covers steel access scaffolding commonly used for supporting workers and materials, plant or equipment during construction, maintenance and demolition work.

10 This part of SANS 10085 does not cover scaffolding for falsework ( where scaffolding materials are used primarily for temporary support of the works during construction). This part of SANS 10085 does not cover industrial rope access work, which is covered by SANS 10333. This part of SANS 10085 does not cover suspended scaffolding. This part of SANS 10085 does not cover the use of scaffolding for construction of temporary seating stands and stages which are covered in SANS 1169. NOTE The diagrams in this part of SANS 10085 have been included solely to illustrate the text and are not intended to serve as working drawings. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this STANDARD . All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a STANDARD is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that STANDARD , parties to agreements based on this STANDARD are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions of the standards indicated below.