South African State Action Plan: 2016

1 Page | South African State Action plan : 2016 A C T I O N P L A N T O L I M I T A N D R E D U C E C A R B O N D IO X I D E E M I S S I O N S F R O M I N T E RN A T I O N A L A V I A T I O N South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Airlines Association of Southern Africa (AASA) Air Traffic and Navigation Services (ATNS) Airports Company South Africa (ACSA) Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) Department of Transport (DOT) National Treasury (NT) South African Airways (SAA) South African Civil Aviation Authority (SACAA) South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page ii ABBREVIATIONS ACI Airports Council International ACSA Airports Company South Africa ASQ Airport Service Quality ATM Air Traffic Management ATNS Air Traffic and Navigation Services CCO Continuous Climb Operations CDO Continuous Descent Operations CNG Carbon Neutral Growth CO2 Carbon Dioxide DOT Department of Transport GSE Ground Service Equipment HEFA Hydro-processed Esters and Fatty Acids ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization LED Light-Emitting Diode PBN Performance Based Navigation RSA Republic of South Africa RTK Revenue Tonne Kilometre SAA South African Airways SACAA South African Civil Aviation Authority South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY South Africa has a modern and well-developed transport infrastructure and the largest air and rail networks on the African continent.

2 The country s transport sector has been highlighted by the South African government as a crucial part of the plan to further develop the tourism industry in an effort to create employment opportunities. This will also increase the country s competitiveness in the continent and among international markets. The Department of Transport is responsible for regulation of transportation, that is, public transport, rail transportation, civil aviation, shipping, freight and motor vehicles. This is the first State Action plan report submitted by the Republic of South Africa (RSA) to limit and reduce CO2 emissions from international civil aviation. The baseline estimations for CO2 emissions are done from 2016 till 2050. Projections are also made based on the Improved Air Traffic Management measures currently being implemented. Transport is the heartbeat of South Africa s economic growth and social development South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page iv Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

3 I ABBREVIATIONS .. II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .. III CONTACT INFORMATION .. V 1. 1 Civil Aviation in South Africa .. 1 South Africa s Approach to Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions .. 2 2. BASELINE .. 3 Differentiating between international aviation and domestic emissions: .. 3 Collection of data .. 3 3. SELECTED MEASURES TO MITIGATE CO2 EMISSIONS .. 4 Improved Air Traffic Management (ATM) and infrastructure use .. 5 Complimentary measures .. 7 4. EXPECTED RESULTS .. 11 Fuel consumption .. 11 CO2 Emissions .. 12 Fuel Savings .. 12 5. FUTURE PLANS AND ASSISTANCE NEEDED .. 14 APPENDICES .. 15 Appendix A: Baseline .. 16 Appendix B: Fuel Saved (FS) Calculations for 2012-2014 .. 17 Appendix C: PBN roadmap (Domestic and International).. 24 Appendix D: Portfolio of evidence .. 25 Appendix E: Expected Action plan results .. 33 REFERENCES .. 34 South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page v CONTACT INFORMATION Name of Authority: Department of Transport Point of contact: Mr.

4 Levers Mabaso (Acting Chief Director: ASSE and S&R1) Street Address: 159 Forum Building, Corner Struben and Bosman Streets, Pretoria Country: South Africa Province: Gauteng City: Pretoria Telephone Number: +27 12 309 3385 E-mail address: Name of Authority: South African Civil Aviation Authority Point of contact: Mr. Gawie Bestbier (Executive: Aviation Infrastructure) Street Address: Building 16, Treur Close, Waterfall Office Park, Midrand Country: South Africa Province: Gauteng City: Johannesburg Telephone Number: +27 11 545 1097 Fax Number: +27 11 545 1466 E-mail address: 1 Aviation Safety, Security, Environment and Search & Rescue Page | 1 1. FOREWORD Civil Aviation in South Africa The Department of Transport s (DOT) civil aviation branch facilitates the development of an economically viable air transport industry that is safe, secure, efficient, environmentally friendly and compliant with international standards through regulation and investigation.

5 It also oversees the following civil aviation public entities: South African Civil Aviation Authority (SACAA) The South African Civil Aviation authority (SACAA) is an agency of the DoT that was established on 01 October 1998, and is governed by the Civil Aviation Act, 2009 (Act No. 13 of 2009), which came into effect on 31 March 2010. The authority is mandated with controlling, promoting, regulating, supporting, developing, enforcing and continuously improving levels of safety and security throughout the civil aviation industry. The above is to be achieved by complying with the ICAO SARPs, whilst considering the local context. The roles and responsibilities of the SACAA revolve around the following four areas of oversight: Aviation Security Aviation Infrastructure Aviation Safety Operations Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation The Aviation Environmental Protection section is housed under the Aviation Infrastructure area.

6 Airports Company South Africa (ACSA) Founded in 1993, the Airports Company South Africa (ACSA) is a public company under the Airports Company Act, 1993 (Act No. 44 of 1993). The company currently manages a network of nine airports in South Africa, including the three main international gateways of Tambo International, Cape Town South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page 2 International and King Shaka International Airports. The nine airports are registered on the largest worldwide Airport Service Quality (ASQ) programme, under the auspices of Airports Council International (ACI), which represents 98 percent of the world s airports. In 2013, the nine airports facilitated nearly million passengers. Although ACSA is majority owned by the South African Government, through the DOT, the Company is legally and financially autonomous and operates as a commercial entity.

7 Air Traffic and Navigation Services (ATNS) Company Air Traffic and Navigation Services (ATNS) provides air traffic, navigation, training and associated services within South Africa and a large part of the Southern Indian and Atlantic Oceans. This comprises approximately 10% of the world's airspace. The company operates from nine ACSA and 12 other aerodromes. Its services extend beyond air traffic control services. It also looks into the provision of vitally important aeronautical information used for all flight planning purposes as well as search and rescue coordination activities, and the maintenance of a reliable navigation infrastructure. South Africa s Approach to Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions The overall strategic approach for the RSA s climate change response is guided by the National Development plan (NDP) (Vision 2030). The NDP proposes the movement towards a low carbon economy.

8 Different sectors of society have roles to play to fulfil Vision 2030. The DOT s objective to support the transition to a low carbon economy is to increase the contribution of transport to environmental protection . South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page 3 2. BASELINE Differentiating between international aviation and domestic emissions: Historic data was obtained from ICAO, thus the methodology used for differentiating between international aviation and domestic emissions is the ICAO methodology ( State of Registration). Collection of data The estimation of baseline fuel consumption and CO2 emissions for international aviation within RSA was done with assistance from ICAO statistics. The baseline was projected from 2016 until 2050 (Appendix A). Figure 1 shows that in the absence of any measures- do nothing approach - there will be a gradual increase in the CO2 emissions. In order to contribute towards the global ICAO goal of Carbon Neutral Growth (CNG) 2020, measures were selected by the State .

9 These are detailed in Section 3. 02 000 000 0004 000 000 0006 000 000 0008 000 000 00010 000 000 00012 000 000 0002018202020352050 Year Baseline RTKI nternational fuel (litres)International CO2 emissions (kg) South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page 4 3. SELECTED MEASURES TO MITIGATE CO2 EMISSIONS ICAO s Basket of measures to reduce CO2 emissions from international aviation includes the following: Aircraft-related technology development; Alternative fuels; Improved Air Traffic Management (ATM) and infrastructure use; Market-based measures; Airport improvements; and Regulatory measures. South African State Action plan : 2016 1st Edition Page 5 For this 1st Edition of the Action plan , RSA will only focus on the improved ATM measures (Section ) because this is at an advanced stage of implementation due to the country s PBN Implementation plan . Nevertheless, the State has embarked on other measures, still in the infancy stage, which will be reported in the update to this Action plan , ( 2nd Edition).

10 These are described in Section Improved Air Traffic Management (ATM) and infrastructure use The Air Traffic and Navigation Services (ATNS) Company is the home of expert Air Traffic Control and Management solutions for South Africa as well as 10% of the global airspace. RSA has embarked on a project to align the South African fixed route structure to support Performance-based Navigation (PBN) implementation. The project is aimed at reducing track miles for aircraft operating in the en-route environment, which reduces fuel burn, emissions and works towards environmental sustainability. The project plan has been finalized and work packages have been determined. The important ICAO initiative of Aviation System Block Upgrades (ASBU) in facilitating a seamless global air navigation system has been collectively embraced by the RSA. In support of the ASBU initiative, RSA, through the aviation industry-sanctioned ATM roadmap (led by ATNS), has rolled out several ongoing initiatives to facilitate compliance with Block 0 as detailed in the ASBU framework.