SPECIALTY CARBONS FOR POLYMER COMPOUNDS

1 GraphiteTIMREX TIMCAL CokeTIMREX SPECIALTY CARBONS FORPOLYMER COMPOUNDSTIMCAL Carbon BlackENSACO TIMCAL DispersionTIMREX Polymers2 Imerys Graphite & CarbonWHAT IS OUR MISSION?To promote our economic, social and cultural advance-ment with enthusiasm, efficiency and dynamism by of-fering value, reliability and quality to ensure the lasting success of our IS OUR VISION?To be the worldwide leader and to be recognized as the reference for innovative capability in the field of carbon powder-based Graphite & Carbon has a strong tradition and history in carbon manufactur-ing. Its first manufacturing operation was founded in 1908. Today, IMERYS Graphite & Carbon facilities produce and market a large variety of synthetic and natural graphite powders, conductive carbon blacks and water-based dispersions of consistent high quality.

2 Adhering to a philosophy of Total Quality Management and continuous process improve-ment, all Imerys Graphite & Carbon manufacturing plants comply with ISO 9001:2008. IMERYS Graphite & Carbon is committed to produce highly specialized graphite and carbon materials for today s and tomorrow s customers Graphite & Carbon belongs to IMERYS, the world leader in mineral-based specialties for ARE WE?HQ Bodio, SwitzerlandGraphitization and processing of synthetic graphite, manufacturing of water-based dispersions, processing of natural graphite and coke, and manufacturing and processing of silicon carbideChangzhou, ChinaManufacturing of descaling agents and processing of natural graphiteFuji, JapanManufacturing of water-based dispersionsWillebroek, BelgiumManufacturing and processing of conductive carbon blackLac-des- les, CanadaMining, purification and sieving of natural graphite flakesFor the updated list of commercial offices and distributors please visit , CanadaExfoliation of natural graphite, processing of natural and synthetic graphiteWith headquarters located in Switzerland.

3 IMERYS Graphite & Carbon has an inter-national presence with production facilities and commercial offices located in key markets around the globe. The Group s industrial and commercial activities are man-aged by an experienced multinational team of more than 430 employees from many countries on three ARE WE LOCATED?3 ContentsENSACO conductive carbon blackTIMREX graphite and coke SPECIALTY CARBONS for POLYMER compoundsTHE PRODUCTS Introduction to ENSACO conductive carbon black p. 4 Introduction to TIMREX graphite and coke p. 5 ENSACO conductive carbon black for POLYMER COMPOUNDS p. 6 TIMREX graphite and coke for POLYMER COMPOUNDS p. 8 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FOR ENSACO CONDUCTIVE CARBON BLACK Electrically conductive plastics p.

4 10 Rubber p. 14 Power cables and accessories p. 17 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FOR TIMREX GRAPHITE AND COKE Self lubricating polymers p. 18 Filled PTFE p. 20 Thermally conductive polymers p. 224 THE PRODUCTSI ntroduction to ENSACO conductive carbon blackConductive carbon blacks are carbon blacks with high to very high stucture (or void volume) allowing the retention of a carbon network at low to very low filler content.

5 The void volume can originate from the interstices between the carbon black particles, due to their complex arrangement, and from the picture of ENSACO 250G carbon black showing the high level of courtesy of University of Louvain (Louvain-La-Neuve)STM picture of the surface of ENSACO 250G carbon black 5x5 courtesy Prof. Donnet - MulhouseSEM picture of ENSACO 250G carbon black illustrating the high void courtesy of University of Louvain (Louvain-La-Neuve)The Imerys Graphite & Carbon carbon black process has been developed around 1980 and is commercially exploited since 1982. The plant uses most modern technology. The process is based on partial oil oxidation of carbochemical and petrochemical origin. The major difference with other partial combustion carbon black technologies lies in the aerodynamic and thermodynamic conditions: low velocity; no quench; no leads to a material with no or nearly no sieve residue on the 325 mesh sieve and allows the highest possible purity.

6 The granulation process has been developed to achieve an homogeneously consist-ent product maintaining an outstanding dispersibility. It is in fact a free-flowing soft flake characterised by a homogeneous and very low crushing strength that guaran-tees the absence of bigger and harder agglomerates. The process enables the production of easily dispersible low surface area conductive carbon blacks as well as very high surface area conductive carbon blacks. The unique combination of high structure and low surface area also contributes to give outstand-ing dispersibility and smooth surface finish. The low surface area materials show a chain-like structure comparable to acetylene black. The very high surface area materi-als belong to the extra conductive (EC) family. Although ENSACO carbon blacks are slightly more graphitic than furnace blacks, they are quite close to the latter ones as far as reinforcement is carbon blacks combine to a certain extent both the properties of furnace and acetylene black, reaching the optimal nm100 nmHOW ENSACO CONDUCTIVE CARBON BLACKS ARE PRODUCED5 THE PRODUCTSI ntroduction to TIMREX graphite and cokeGraphite finds wide application thanks to its favourable combination of properties such as: low friction, chemical inertness and absence of inherent abrasiveness; high thermal conductivity, thermal stability and electrical conductivity; film forming ability on metal surfaces.

7 Relatively inoffensive nature of both powders and products of properties are a consequence of the lamellar graphite structure and the ani-sotropic nature of chemical bonding between carbon atoms. In graphite, three sp2 hybrid orbitals (each containing one electron) are formed from the 2s and two of the 2p orbitals of each carbon atom and participate in covalent bonding with three sur-rounding carbon atoms in the graphite planes. The fourth electron is located in the remaining 2p orbital, which projects above and below the graphite plane, to form part of a polyaromatic of electrons in -electron system is the reason of graphite s high sta-bility and electrical conductivity. Interlamellar bonding was once thought to be weak and mainly the result of Van der Waals forces, however, it now appears that interla-mellar bonding is reinforced by -electron interactions.

8 Graphite is therefore not in-trinsically a solid lubricant and requires the presence of adsorbed vapours to maintain low friction and picture of TIMREX Graphite showing the perfect crystalline = Interlayer distanceLc = Crystallite heightc/2 Lcc TIMREX PRIMARY SYNTHETIC GRAPHITETIMREX primary synthetic graphite is produced in a unique highly controlled graphiti-zation process which assures narrow specifications and unequalled consistent quality thanks to: monitoring of all production and processing stages, strict final inspection, and clearly defined development processes. TIMREX primary synthetic graphite shows unique properties thanks to the combi-nation of a consistent purity, perfect crystalline structure and well defined NATURAL FLAKE GRAPHITETIMREX natural flake graphite is produced in a wide range of products distinguished by particle size distribution, chemistry and carbon content.

9 Imerys Graphite & Carbon mines the graphite from its own source in Lac-des- les, Quebec, Canada. Further pro-cessing can be done either in Lac-des- les or in our processing plant in Terrebonne, Quebec, Canada. All TIMREX naturals are thoroughly controlled in our laborato-ries to ensure quality, consistency and total customer satisfaction. TIMREX COKETIMREX petroleum coke is calcined at appropriate temperature with low ash and sulphur content, well defined texture and consistent particle size TIMREX GRAPHITE AND COKE POWDERS ARE PRODUCED6 THE PRODUCTSENSACO conductive carbon black for POLYMER compoundsTYPICAL VALUESPROPERTY TEST METHODUNITENSACO 150 GENSACO 210 GENSACO 250 GENSACO 260 GENSACO 350 GFormGranules (*)GranulesGranules (*)GranulesGranulesBET nitrogen surface areaASTM D3037m2/g50556570770 OANabsorptionASTM D2414 (1)ml/100 g165155190190320 COAN crushed OANASTM D2414 (1)ml/100 g9595104104270 Pour densityASTM D1513kg/m3190210170170135 Moisture (as packed)ASTM D1509% maxSieve residue325 mesh (45 m)ASTM D1514ppm222210 Ash contentASTM D1506% contentTIMCAL Method 02 (2)

10 % maxSulphur contentASTM D1619% extractASTM D4527% maxpHASTM D15128 118 118 118 118 11 Volume resistivityTIMCAL Method 11 (3) (4) max (3)500 max (3)10 max (3)5 max (3)20 max (4)(1) Spring: lbs/inch; 10 g of carbon black (2) Weight loss during heating between 105 and 950 C (3) 25% carbon black in HDPE Finathene 47100(4) 15% carbon black in HDPE Finathene 47100(*) ENSACO 150 and ENSACO 250 are also available in powder PRODUCTSTYPICAL EFFECTS ON POLYMER COMPOUNDSPROPERTYENSACO 150 GENSACO 210 GENSACO 250 GENSACO 260 GENSACO 350 GFormGranules (*)GranulesGranules (*)GranulesGranulesBET nitrogen surface area (m2/g)50556570770 OAN oil absorption (ml/100 g)165155190190320 Conductivity Dispersibility Purity Water absorptionvery lowvery lowvery lowvery lowhighSurface smoothness Electrical/mechanicalproperties balance Resistance to shear Comments toapplication domainsMRG(mechanical rubber goods)Easy strippableinsulation shieldsAll polymersexcellent very good good quite good difficult (*)