Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM …

1 June 23, 2000 Supersedes the June 3, 1994 LRFD Specification forStructural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Boltsand the June 3, 1994 ASD Specification forStructural Joints Using astm A325or A490 by RCSC Committee 15 Specifications and approved bythe Research Council on Structural Connections. RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural American Institute of Steel Construction, East Wacker Drive, Suite 3100, Chicago, Illinois 60601-2001 Specification forStructural Joints UsingASTM A325 or A490 BoltsiiCopyright 2000byResearch Council on Structural ConnectionsAll rights reserved. This book or any part thereofmust not be reproduced in any form withoutthe written permission of the information presented in this publication has been prepared in accordance withrecognized engineering principles and is for general information only.

2 While it isbelieved to be accurate, this information should not be used or relied upon for anyspecific application without competent professional examination and verification ofits accuracy, suitability, and applicability by a licensed engineer, architect or otherdesign professional. The publication of the material contained herein is not intend-ed as a representation or warranty on the part of the Research Council on StructuralConnections or of any other person named herein, that this information is suitablefor any general or particular use or of freedom from infringement of any patent orpatents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability arising fromsuch must be exercised when relying upon other specifications and codesdeveloped by other bodies and incorporated by reference herein since such materialmay be modified or amended from time to time subsequent to the printing of thisedition.

3 The Research Council on Structural Connections bears no responsibility forsuch material other than to refer to it and incorporate it by reference at the time ofthe initial publication of this in the United States of AmericaSpecification for Structural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Bolts, June 23, 2000 RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural CONNECTIONSiiiPREFACEThe purpose of the Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) is:(1)To stimulate and support such investigation as may be deemed necessary andvaluable to determine the suitability, strength and behavior of various types ofstructural connections;(2)To promote the knowledge of economical and efficient practices relating to suchstructural connections; and,(3)To prepare and publish related standards and such other documents as necessary toachieving its Council membership consists of qualified Structural engineers from academic andresearch institutions, practicing design engineers, suppliers and manufacturers of fastenercomponents, fabricators, erectors and code-writing first Specification approved by the Council, called theSpecification forAssembly of Structural Joints Using High Tensile Steel Bolts, was published in January1951.

4 Since that time the Council has published fourteen successive editions. Each wasdeveloped through the deliberations and approval of the full Council membership andbased upon past successful usage, advances in the state of knowledge and changes inengineering design practice. This edition of the Council s Specification for StructuralJoints Using astm A325 or A490 Boltsis significantly reorganized and revised from earlier editions. The major changes are: The previously separate LRFD and ASD versions of this Specification have beenunified, with LRFD as the basis in the main body and ASD as an alternative in Appendix B. A Symbols (nomenclature) section has been added. A Glossary section has been added. An Index section has been added.

5 Commentary information has been placed immediately following its correspondingSpecification provision to provide convenient reference to background and furtherexplanation. A summary of the drawing information and approvals required from the Engineer ofRecord has been added in Section Explicit coverage of material and geometric requirements for washer-type indicatingdevices, twist-off-type tension-control bolt assemblies and alternative design fastenershas been added in Sections , and , respectively. Provisions allowing the thermal cutting of bolt holes with the approval of the Engineerof Record have been added in Section Requirements for the treatment of burrs have been clarified and expanded in Section New information has been added in Section 4 to address the applicability andsuitability of the various joint types: snug-tightened Joints , pretensioned Joints and slip-critical Joints .

6 The requirements in this Section also serve to identify the applicabledesign, installation and inspection requirements for each of the joint for Structural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Bolts, June 23, 2000 RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural CONNECTIONSIn addition, many other changes have been made throughout this the Research Council on Structural Connections,James M. DoyleChairmanAbolhassan Astaneh-AslJoseph BahadrianFrederick R. BeckmannDavid W. BogatyCharles J. CarterMichael ChuNick E. DealRobert J. DexterRobert O. DisqueJohn E. DuttonEdward R. EstesJohn W. FisherKarl H. FrankRodney D. GibbleMichael I. GilmorJohn HoffmanMark V. HollandDonald L. JohnsonPeter C. BirkemoeVice ChairmanPeter F. KasperLawrence A. KloiberRichard F. KnoblockGeoffrey L. KulakThomas J. LangillKenneth B. LohrRichard W.

7 MarshallWilliam A. Milek, R. MitchellHeath E. MitchellWilliam H. Munse Thomas M. Murray Rex V. Owen Frederick J. PalmerFrank A. PetriglianoSuresh C. SatsangiGerald E. SchroederDavid F. SharpBenjamin J. Wallace Secretary/TreasurerRobert E. Shaw, I. Sheikh-IbrahimW. Lee ShoemakerArun SyamThomas S. Tarpy, A. ThorntonAnthony ThyenRaymond H. R. TideEmile W. J. TroupRichard B. VincentI. Wayne WallaceCharles J. WilsonTed W. WinnebergerWei-Wen YuJoseph A. YuraFarrel ZwernemanThis roster is current as of the date of approval of this Specification . Requirements have been added to Section to address the design implications of thepresence of fillers or shims. In Section , the limitation on prying force for applications that involve tensilefatigue has been reduced from 60 percent of the total applied load to 30 percent.

8 Washer requirements have been simplified and clarified in Section 6. Provisions for pre-installation verification of fastener assemblies have been clarified inSection 7, as invoked in Section for pretensioned Joints and slip-critical Joints . Installation requirements have been simplified and clarified significantly in Section 8. Inspection requirements in Section 9 have been significantly expanded to clarify theintent and applicability. Arbitration provisions to be used in the case of a dispute have been clarified inSection for Structural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Bolts, June 23, 2000 RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural CONNECTIONSvTABLE OF CONTENTSSYMBOLS ..viiGLOSSARY ..ixSECTION 1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .. Scope .. Loads, Load Factors and Load Combinations.

9 Referenced Standards and Specifications .. Drawing Information ..3 SECTION 2. FASTENER COMPONENTS .. Manufacturer Certification of Fastener Components .. Storage of Fastener Components .. Heavy-Hex Structural Bolts .. Heavy-Hex Nuts .. Washers .. Washer-Type Indicating Devices .. Twist-Off-Type Tension-Control Bolt Assemblies .. Alternative-Design Fasteners ..14 SECTION 3. BOLTED PARTS .. Connected Plies .. Faying Surfaces .. Bolt Holes .. Burrs ..22 SECTION 4. joint TYPE .. Snug-Tightened Joints .. Pretensioned Joints .. Slip-Critical Joints ..26 SECTION 5. LIMIT STATES IN BOLTED Joints .. Design Shear and Tensile Strengths .. Combined Shear and Tension .. Design Bearing Strength at Bolt Holes .. Design Slip Resistance .. Tensile Fatigue ..38 Specification for Structural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Bolts, June 23, 2000 RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural CONNECTIONSS pecification for Structural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Bolts, June 23, 2000 RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural CONNECTIONSSECTION 6.

10 USE OF WASHERS .. Snug-Tightened Joints .. Pretensioned Joints and Slip-Critical Joints ..40 SECTION 7. PRE-INSTALLATION VERIFICATION .. Tension Calibrator .. Required Testing ..43 SECTION 8. INSTALLATION .. Snug-Tightened Joints .. Pretensioned Joints ..46 SECTION 9. INSPECTION .. Snug-Tightened Joints .. Pretensioned Joints .. Slip-Critical Joints ..56 SECTION 10. ARBITRATION ..57 APPENDIX A. TESTING METHOD TO DETERMINE THE SLIPCOEFFICIENT FOR COATINGS USED IN BOLTED Joints ..59 APPENDIX B. ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN (ASD) ALTERNATIVE ..70 REFERENCES ..75 INDEX .. 77viviiSpecification for Structural Joints Using astm A325 or A490 Bolts, June 23, 2000 RESEARCH COUNCIL ON Structural CONNECTIONSSYMBOLSThe following symbols are used in this area based upon the nominal diameter of bolt, probability factor as described in Section Multiplier that reflects the ratio of the mean installed bolt pretension to the specifiedminimum bolt pretension Tmas described in Section strength (per unit area), ksi FuSpecified minimum tensile strength (per unit area), ksi I Moment of inertia of the built-up member about the axis of buckling (see theCommentary to Section ), length of the built-up member (see the Commentary to Section )