SS Virtual Teams That Work - Communication Cache

1 Virtual Teams that WorkCreating Conditions forVirtual team EffectivenessCristina B. GibsonSusan G. CohenEditorsSSCopyright 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights by Jossey-BassA Wiley Imprint989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103-1741 part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted underSection 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either theprior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through paymentof the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.

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4 Somecontent that appears in print may not be available in electronic of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataVirtual Teams that work : creating conditions for Virtual teameffectiveness / Cristina B. Gibson, Susan G. Cohen, cm. (The Jossey-Bass business & management series)Includes bibliographical references and 0-7879-6162-0 (alk. paper)1. Virtual work Teams . 2. Teams in the workplace. 3. Leadership. conferencing. I. Gibson, Cristina B. II. Cohen, Susan G..V57 '02 dc212002151295 Printed in the United States of AmericaFIRST EDITIONHB Printing10987654321 The Jossey-Bass Business & Management SeriesCristina dedicates this book to her lifelong collaborator, Stephen Gibson,who has tolerated an often Virtual spouse with the greatest of patienceand has made life a truly grand cross-cultural dedicates this book to her husband, Steve Lampert, and her son,Danny Lampert, who make everything , Figures, and Exhibits xiiiAcknowledgments xviiThe Authors xix1 In the Beginning: Introduction and Framework 1 Susan G.

5 Cohen, Cristina B. GibsonPART ONE: ESTABLISHING THE FOUNDATION: SHARED understanding ,INTEGRATION, AND TRUST 15 Part One Introduction 172 Knowledge Sharing and Shared understanding in Virtual Teams 21 Pamela J. Hinds, Suzanne P. Weisband3 Managing the Global New Product Development Network:A Sense-Making Perspective 37 Susan Albers Mohrman, Janice A. Klein, David Finegold4 Building Trust: Effective Multicultural CommunicationProcesses in Virtual Teams 59 Cristina B. Gibson, Jennifer A. ManuelPart One Summary 87 SSixPART TWO: THE RAW MATERIALS: PEOPLE AND CONTEXT 89 Part Two Introduction 915 Building a Winning Virtual team : KSAs, Selection,Training, and Evaluation 95 Richard Blackburn, Stacie Furst, Benson Rosen6 Pay Systems for Virtual Teams 121 Edward E.

6 Lawler III7 Meeting the Performance Challenge: Calculating Returnon Investment for Virtual Teams 145 Alec R. Levenson, Susan G. CohenPart Two Summary 175 PART THREE: CONSTRUCTING THE DESIGN: LEADERSHIP, KNOWLEDGEMANAGEMENT, AND INFORMATION SHARING 177 Part Three Introduction 1798 Exploring Emerging Leadership in Virtual Teams 183 Kristi Lewis Tyran, Craig K. Tyran, Morgan Shepherd9 Designing the Knowledge-Management Infrastructurefor Virtual Teams : Building and Using Social Networksand Social Capital 196 Martha L. Maznevski, Nicholas A. Athanassiou10 Overcoming Barriers to Information Sharing in Virtual Teams 214 Catherine Durnell Cramton, Kara L.

7 OrvisPart Three Summary 231 PART FOUR: WIRING that CONNECTS: IMPLEMENTINGINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 233 Part Four Introduction 23511 Context, Task, and the Evolution of Technology Usein Global Virtual Teams 239 Kenneth Riopelle, Julia C. Gluesing, Tara C. Alcordo, Marietta L. Baba, David Britt,Willie McKether, Leslie Monplaisir, Hilary Horn Ratner, Kimberly Harris WagnerxCONTENTS12 Technology Alignment and Adaptation for Virtual TeamsInvolved in Unstructured Knowledge work 265 Nelson King, Ann Majchrzak13 team or Community of Practice: Aligning Tasks, Structures,and Technologies 292 Arjan RavenPart Four Summary 307 PART FIVE: IT S ALL ABOUT ACTION: PROCESSES AND DEVELOPMENT 311 Part Five Introduction 31314 Influence and Political Processes in Virtual Teams 317 Efrat Elron, Eran Vigoda15 Conflict and Virtual Teams 335 Terri L.

8 Griffith, Elizabeth A. Mannix, Margaret A. Neale16 The Development of Global Virtual Teams 353 Julia C. Gluesing, Tara C. Alcordo, Marietta L. Baba, David Britt,Kimberly Harris Wagner, Willie McKether, Leslie Monplaisir,Hilary Horn Ratner, Kenneth Riopelle17 Closing the Time Gap in Virtual Teams 381 Janice A. Klein, Astrid KleinhannsPart Five Summary 40118 The Last Word: Conclusions and Implications 403 Cristina B. Gibson, Susan G. CohenName Index 423 Subject Index 429 CONTENTSxiTABLES, FIGURES, AND Comparison of Negative Trust Excerpts per team Analysis of Variance Multiple Comparisons.

9 Mean Number of IndividualNegative Expressions of Trust Impact of Job- and Skill-Based Pay Virtual Teams and Skill-Based Pay Impact of Pay for Performance Teams and Pay for Performance Objective Business Outcomes Subjective Business Outcomes Design, Input, and Process Issues Objective Business Outcomes for Consumer DurablesScenario Planning team Subjective Business Outcomes for Consumer DurablesScenario Planning team Design, Input, and Process Issues for Scenario Planning team Range of Expected Benefits from the Scenario PlanningTeam s work Objective Business Outcomes for the Vehicle R&D team Subjective Business Outcomes for the Vehicle R&D team Design, Input, and Process Issues for the Vehicle R&D team Objective Business Outcomes for the Postmerger Integration team Subjective Business Outcomes for the Postmerger Integration team Design, Input.

10 And Process Issues for the PostmergerIntegration team team Performance and Emergent Leadership Configurations of Social Capital for Virtual team Tasks Case Study Profiles Technology for Global Virtual Teams Characteristics of Unstructured Knowledge work Technological Support of Knowledge as Objectand Knowledge as Action Implications for Technologies Enabling UnstructuredKnowledge work Structures and Technologies Influence Tactics Case Study Details Summary of Learnings Research Framework The Effects of team Characteristics on Shared understanding Iterative Sense Making 39xivTABLES, FIGURES, AND Interactive Collaboration KSAs for Projects and Tasks, Teams .