STAAD.Pro V8i Technical Reference Manual - Bentley

1 (SELECT series4)TechnicalReferenceManualDAA03778 0-1/0005 Lastupdated:19 November2012 CopyrightInformationTrademarkNoticeBentl ey,the"B"Bentleylogo, , , 2012,BentleySystems, ,fileformats,andaudiovisualdisplays;mayo nlybeusedpursuanttoapplicablesoftwarelic enseagreement;containsconfidentialandpro prietaryinformationofBentleySystems, ,Vista,SQLS erver,MSDE,.NET, ,theAdobelogo,Acrobat, ,itsagenciesand/orinstrumentalities(" "), "commercialcomputersoftware"and"commerci alcomputersoftwaredocumentation,"respect ively, ,and"restrictedcomputersoftware" (a)

2 , ,modification,reproduction,release,perfo rmance, , , , , ,Incorporated,685 StocktonDrive,Exton, iTableofContentsToviewtheEndUserLicenseA greementforthisproduct, , ,Concrete, ,shearwalls, ,B759C759D759E760F760vi ,K760L760M760N761O761P,Q761R761S761T762U ,V,W,X,Y,Z762 TechnicalSupport763 TechnicalReferenceManual ,concrete,andtimberdesignisavailableinSe ctions2,3,and4ofthismanual, ,Hints,andWarningsItemsofspecialnotearei ndicatedasfollows: ,filepaths,andfileextensions( ,C:/SPROV8I/ ) >characterstodistinguishmenulevels.( ,File> ).UserInputAbold,fixedwidthtypefaceisuse dtoindicateinformationwhichmustbemanuall yentered.

3 ( ,TypeDEADLOAD asthetitleforLoadCase1).STAADPageControl sA"|"characterisusedtorepresentthepageco ntrollevelsbetweenpagesandsub-pages.( ,SelecttheDesign|Steelpage).Terminologyl Click-Thisreferstotheactionofpressingamo usebuttonto"click" , (SELECT series4)DocumentConventionslSelect-Indic atesthatthecommandmustbeexecutedfromamen uordialog(synonymouswithClick).Usedwhenr eferringtoanactioninamenu,drop-downlist, listbox, (typically) "cursors" , (,) , 'sModulusistakenas29,000, , ,ormiddle,dot( ).Forexample,P=F ( ) [ ] ( ,braces){ }Forexample,Fa=[1-(Kl/r)2/(2 Cc2)]Fy/{5/3+[3(Kl/r)/(8 Cc)]-[(Kl/r)3/(8 Cc3)]}DocumentConventionsTechnicalRefere nceManual 34 (SELECT series4) , ,Concrete, (GUI)isnormallyusedtocreateallinputspeci ficationsandalloutputreportsanddisplays( SeetheGraphicalEnvironmentmanual).

4 Thesestructuralmodelingandanalysisinputs pecificationsarestoredinSTAAD inputfile atextfilewithextension,. , engine toproduceresultsthatarestoredinseveralfi les(withfileextensionssuchasANL,BMD,TMH, etc.).TheSTAAD analysistextfile( ) (displacements,member/elementforces,mode shapes,sectionforces/moments/displacemen ts,etc.)thatareusedbytheGUIinthepostproc essingmode. ,concrete,andtimberdesignisavailableinSe ctions2,3,and4ofthismanual, (SELECT series4) , (oryou,theuser)communicateswiththeSTAAD analysisenginethroughtheSTAAD inputfile( ). TheSTAAD inputfilecanbecreatedthroughatexteditoro rtheGraphicalUserInterface(GUI) , , :Someoftheautomaticgenerationfacilitieso ftheSTAAD ,theformulationofinputistheresponsibilit yofyou, , (globalXorZ)movementofthestructure[FX,FZ ,andMYarerestrainedateveryjoint].

5 Thefloorframing(inglobalX-Zplane) , :DegreesoffreedomineachtypeofStructure8 (SELECT series4) ,SI2, , (orrotations) ,inJOINTDISPLACEMENT output, , ,columns,slabs, , , (incidences) , (orelement) ,Kilogram, "Syst meinternationald'unit s",whichusesmetres,kilograms, ,Pound, (X,Y,Z) ,u2,u3andtherotationaldegreesoffreedomar edenotedbyu4,u5& :Cartesian(Rectangular)CoordinateSystemC ylindricalCoordinateSystemInthiscoordina tesystem,theXandYcoordinatesoftheconvent ionalCartesiansystemarereplacedbyR(radiu s)and (angleindegrees). :CylindricalCoordinateSystem10 (SELECT series4) 'i'andendjoint'j'.

6 Thepositivedirectionofthelocalx-axisisde terminedbyjoining'i'to'j' , (s) :WhenGlobal-YisVerticalFigure1-6:WhenGlo bal-ZisVertical(thatis,SET Z UPisspecified)12 (SELECT series4) (Longlegsback-to-back)Angle-SD(Shortlegs back-to-back)WideFlange-TChannel-STChann el-DPrismaticTube-STTable1-1:Localaxissy stemforvariouscrosssec-tionswhenglobalYa xisisverticalFigure1-7:Localaxissystemfo rasingleangleasdefinedinstandardpublicat ions,whichdiffersfromthelocalaxisofSTAAD A ngle-STorAngle-RA 13 WideFlange-STWideFlange-TBWideFlange-CMA ngle-LDAngle-SDChannel-STWideFlange-TCha nnel-DPrismaticTube-STAngle-STAngle-RATa ble1-2:Localaxissystemforvariouscrosssec -tionswhenglobalZaxisisvertical(SETZUP isspecified).

7 Note:Thelocalx-axisoftheabovesectionsisg oingintothepaper14 (SELECT series4) , ( ) , ,asinthecaseofacolumninastructure,thebet aangleistheanglethroughwhichthelocalz-ax is(orlocalYforSETZUP)hasbeenrotatedabout thelocalx-axisfromapositionofbeingparall elandinthesamepositivedirectionoftheglob alZ-axis(globalYaxisforSETZUP).Whenthelo calx-axisisnotparalleltotheglobalVertica laxis,thebetaangleistheanglethroughwhich thelocalcoordinatesystemhasbeenrotatedab outthelocalx-axisfromapositionofhavingth elocalz-axis(orlocalYforSETZUP)parallelt otheglobalX-Zplane(orglobalX-YplaneforSE TZUP)andthelocaly-axis(orlocalzforSETZUP ) , (orajointnumber)whichwillbeareferencepoi ntlocatedinthememberx-yplane(x-zplanefor SETZUP) ,theprogramautomaticallycalculatestheori entationofthememberx-yplane(x-zplaneforS ETZUP).

8 Figure1-8 ,theX,Y, ,theX,Y, :Betarotationofequal&unequallegged'ST'an gles16 (SELECT series4) :TheorderofthejointnumbersintheMEMBERINC IDENCES commanddeterminesthedirectionofthemember ' :Betarotationofequal&unequallegged'RA' 17 Figure1-11:MemberorientationforvariousBe taangleswhenGlobal-Yaxisisvertical18 (SELECT series4) :MemberorientationforvariousBetaangleswh enGlobal-Zaxisisvertical(thatis,SETZUP isspecified) 19 Figure1-13:MemberorientationforvariousBe taangleswhenGlobal-Yaxisisvertical 20 (SELECT series4) , (triangular)or4-noded(quadrilateral).

9 Ifallthefournodesofaquadrilateralelement donotlieononeplane, "Surfacestructures"suchaswalls,slabs, , "PlateElementMeshGeneration" 21 YoumayalsousetheelementforPLANESTRESS actiononly( ,membrane/in-planestiffnessonly). ,centernode"O"(seethefollowingfigure) :Fictitiouscenternode(inthecaseoftriangu larelements,afourthnode;inthecaseofrecta ngularelements,afifthnode) ,itisessentialthatthenodesbespecifiedeit herclockwiseorcounterclockwise(seethefol lowingfigure).Forbetterefficiency, :1,andpreferablylessthan4 (SELECT series4) : , 23 Theincompletequadraticassumedstressdistr ibution: x yx xyx y yxyyx xy y xaaaa=10 0 0 0200 0 0 100 20 0 0 0 1 2.

10 Xyxy222212310a1througha10=constantsofstr esspolynomialsThefollowingquadraticstres sdistributionisassumedforplatebendingact ion:Figure1-18:Quadraticstressdistributi onassumedforbendingTheincompletequadrati cassumedstressdistribution: MMMQQx yx xyx yxy yx y xyxyx yxyy x yaaaaa=10 0 0 0 0 00 00 0 0 10 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 (SELECT series4) (seethefollowingfigure) , ,withcornernodesonly, , , , :thecross-productofvectorsIJandJKdefines avectorparalleltothelocalz-axis, ,z= :thecross-productofvectorsIJandJLdefines avectorparalleltothelocalz-axis, ,z= , ,y= (average)ofthefourjointlocations(threejo intlocationsforatriangle).