Standard Specification for Cold Weather Concreting

1 ACI (Reapproved 2002) Standard Specification for cold Weather ConcretingAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Committee 306 Standard Specification for cold Weather ConcretingFifteenth PrintingJanuary 2015 ISBN: 978-0-87031-033-1 Copyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoid ambiguities,omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACI documents occasionallyfind information or requirements that may be subject to more than one interpretation or may beincomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement of ACI documents arerequested to contact ACI. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata for the most up-to-date committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility for theapplication of the material it contains.

2 Individuals who use this publication in any way assume all risk andaccept total responsibility for the application and use of this information in this publication is provided as is without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental,or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may resultfrom the use of this is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriate tothe specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regard tohealth and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability of allregulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws and regulations,including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) healthand safety information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, on CD-ROM, through electronicsubscription, or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised ACI Manual ofConcrete Practice (MCP).

3 American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI :248-848-3700 Concrete Institute Advancing concrete knowledgeACI supersedes ACI Revised by the Expedited StandardizationProcedure, effective July 1, 1990. In 1990, the format was revised. The Forword, Pref-ace, and Specification Checklist were revised. Reference Standards were updated andthe sections on Materials and Execution were rewritten and 1990, American Concrete rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or by anymeans, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronic ormechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visual reproduc-tion or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unless permission inwriting is obtained from the copyright proprietors. 1 Standard Specification for cold Weather ConcretingAn ACI StandardReported by ACI Committee 306 ACI (Reapproved 2002)This Standard Specification gives requirements for cold weatherconcreting.

4 It includes cold Weather requirements for preparations prior toplacement of concrete, and protection of : accelerating admixtures; cold Weather ; compressive strength;construction; curing; formwork; freezing; heating; insulation; maturity; protec-tion; This foreword is included for explanatory purposesonly; it does not form a part of the Standard SpecificationACI Standard Specifications ACI is a ReferenceStandard which the Architect/Engineer may cite in theProject Specifications for any building project, together withsupplementary requirements for the specific Each technical section of Standard SpecificationACI is written in the Three-Part Section Format of theConstruction Specifications Institute, as adapted by ACI andmodified to ACI requirements. The language is generallyimperative and Checklists do not form a part of Standard SpecificationACI Checklists are to assist the Architect/Engineer inproperly choosing and specifying any necessary require-ments for the Project TO Specification CHECKLISTP1.

5 Standard Specification ACI is intended to beused by reference or incorporation in its entirety in theProject Specifications. Individual sections, articles, or para-graphs shall not be copied into the Project Specifications,since taking them out of context may change their If sections or parts of Standard Specification ACI edited into project specifications or any other document,they shall not be referred to as ACI Standards, since theStandard Specification has been Building codes set minimum requirements necessaryto protect the public. This Standard Specification may stipu-late requirements more restrictive than the to the needs of a particular project shall bemade by the Architect/Engineer by reviewing each of theitems in the Specification Checklist and then including theArchitect/Engineer s decision on each item as a mandatoryrequirement in the Project These mandatory requirements designate the specificqualities, procedures, materials, and performance criteria forwhich alternatives are permitted or for which provisionswere not made in the Standard Specification .

6 Exceptions tothe Standard Specification shall be made in the ProjectSpecifications, if A statement such as the following will serve to makeStandard Specification ACI a part of the on _____ shall conform to allrequirements of ACI , Standard Specification forCold Weather Concreting , published by the AmericanConcrete Institute, Detroit, Michigan, except as modi-fied by the requirements of these Contract The Standard Specification Checklist identifies Archi-tect/Engineer choices and alternatives. The checklist identifiesthe sections, parts, and articles of the Standard Specificationand the action required by the Anderson*Gilbert HaddadCharles J. KorhonenJ. Derle ThorpePeter AntonichJules HoudeWilliam Perenchio*Valery TokarGeorge R. U. BurgDavid A. HuntJohn M. ScanlonLewis H. Tuthill*Oleh B. CiukRobert A. KelseyMichael ShydlowskiHarold B. WenzelDouglas J. Haavik*Albert W. KnottBruce A. SuprenantArthur T. Winters*Revision task force J.

7 CarinoChair*This document has been approved for use by agencies of theDepartment of Defense and for listing in the DoD Index ofSpecifications and Specification FOR cold Weather Concreting (ACI )American Concrete Institute Copyrighted Material REQUIREMENTS CHECKLISTS ection/Part/Articleof ACI to applicability of the cited references and take exception if the temperature of massive embedments, such as heavy steel guide rails or channels and steel grate frames or ducts, islower than 32 F, concrete cast around them will be damaged by freezing. Identify in the Contract Documentsmassive embedments which must be at a temperature above freezing prior to placement of frozen subgrade can lead to freezing of newly-placed concrete or foundation settlement upon subsequentthawing of the subgrade. Specify in the Contract Documents the depth to which frozen subgrade should be thawedprior to placement of concrete.

8 Specify procedure to verify that subgrade has been thawed to specified the frequency for recording the temperature but do not use a frequency lower than twice per 24-hour in the Contract Documents the concrete strength required for each structural member before formremoval or continued construction, or REQUIREMENTS CHECKLISTS ection/Part/Article of ACI to in the Contract Documents whether submittal, review, and acceptance of procedure is required. Designatedegree of detail required in any submittal the minimum protection temperature if different than Column 2 of Table gain may not continue after removal of the protection because of rapid drying in regions where there areperiods of cold , dry, windy Weather . Therefore, under these conditions, consideration should be given to extendingthe protection period in order to facilitate moist Any changes in the concrete mix proportions for reducing the duration of the protection period to prevent earlyfreezing should be submitted for review or acceptance.

9 For certain structures, the protection period may be reduced if, after 24 hours of protection, the compressivestrength of the in-place concrete is at least 500 psi. The requirements for these structures are that they do notrequire early strengths, will undergo little or no freezing and thawing during construction and in service, andhave not been exposed to an external supply of moisture during the protection period. The minimum protection temperature specified in Table may be reduced, provided that the protectionperiod is extended until the compressive strength of the in-place concrete is at least 500 psi. Note that a compressive strength of 500 psi is only adequate to protect the concrete against damage from onecycle of freezing and thawing. The specified minimum protection periods are based on the assumption that additional curing will be specifiedand provided, as needed, prior to putting the structure into service.

10 Longer protection periods may be specified toassure that desired properties are developed prior to removal of CHECKLISTS ection/Part/Article of ACI to required, indicate to whom submittals will be procedures for placement, curing, and protection of the concrete may follow the recommendations inACI 306R, cold Weather Concreting . The details should include, but not be limited to, the following: Procedures for protecting the subgrade from frost and the accumulation of ice or snow on reinforcement or formsprior to placement. Methods for temperature protection during placement. Types of covering, insulation, housing, or heating to be provided. Curing methods to be used during and following the protection period. Use of strength accelerating admixtures. Methods for verification of in-place strength. Procedures for measuring and recording concrete temperatures. Procedures for preventing drying during dry, windy detailed procedures for those items of concern for the Specification FOR cold Weather Concreting (ACI )3 American Concrete Institute Copyrighted Material 1 General, p.